氯化丁基橡胶/聚丙烯酸酯阻尼橡胶的力学性能

采用聚丙烯酸酯(PA)为第二组分,与氯化丁基橡胶（CIIR)制备了CIIR／PA阻尼橡胶,分析了CIIR／PA共混物的结构,讨论了原料组成、交联剂用量和填料种类对其力学性能的影响、结果表明,CIIR／聚(丙烯酸乙酯-甲基丙烯酸丁酯)[P(EA-BMA)]共混物的正硫化时间为10min．CIIR／聚丙烯酸乙酯(PEA)硫化共混物中存在共交联结构;共交联CIIR／PEA共混物形成了双相连续的微观相态结构;当P(EA-BMA)中PBMA链段的质量分数增加到20%时,共交联CIIR／P(EA-BMA)共混物的拉伸强度和100％定伸应力下降,当P(EA-BMA)中PBMA链段的质量分数继续增加,共混物的拉伸强度和100％定伸应力又逐渐上升,当酚醛树脂(PR)用量不大于20份时,随着PR用量的增加,共交联CIIR／PEA共混物的100％定伸应力和邵尔A型硬度增大,拉伸强度和扯断伸长率减小;当PR用量为30份时,共混物的100％定伸应力减小,拉伸强度增大;填料中以炭黑的增强效果最好,玻璃微球增强效果最差。     

丁基橡胶/丙烯酸酯橡胶共混物-钢片复合制件的粘接性能

制备了酚醛树脂硫化的丁基橡胶(IIR)/丙烯酸酯橡胶(ACM)共混物,并研究其与钢片的粘接性能。对剥离强度、断面形貌及表面能等的研究结果表明,引入ACM有效地改善了IIR与钢片的粘接性能,使其剥离强度提高2~3倍;并用ACM后,体系剥离强度的提高是物理黏着和化学黏着共同作用的结果;钢片-橡胶复合制件的破坏形式主要是橡胶部分的破坏及橡胶与胶黏剂之间的破坏。当IIR与ACM质量比为70/30时,试样剥离破坏形式表现为100%的橡胶本体破坏。增大界面作用力、适当降低共混硫化胶本体强度有利于提高体系的粘接性能。     

Preparation and characterization of hyperbranched polymer modified montmorillonite/chlorinated butyl rubber damping composites

In this work, Na⁺‐montmorillonite (MMT) was modified by hyperbranched polymer (HBP) and grafted with hindered phenol to improve the damping and other properties of the chlorinated butyl rubber (CIIR) composites. The hyperbranched polymer‐modified montmorillonite (HBP‐OMMT) was prepared by organic montmorillonite (OMMT) that was obtained from the cation exchange reaction between MMT and silane quaternary ammonium salt. The main characterization methods were Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, hydrogen nuclear magnetic resonance, X‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectrometer, and thermogravimetric (TG) analysis. The basal spacings of MMT, OMMT, and HBP‐OMMT were 1.47, 2.94, and 4.09 nm, respectively. The onset and center temperatures of decomposition (T_?5% and T_max) of HBP‐OMMT were improved from 301 and 369 °C to 332 and 398 °C, respectively. The CIIR damping composites were prepared by mechanical blending of HBP‐OMMT with pure CIIR. The tensile strength and elongation at break of the composites were improved from 5.4 MPa and 890% to 7.6 MPa and 1066%. From TG curves, T_?5% and T_max were increased from 297.4 and 406.0 °C to 323.3 and 410.5 °C, respectively. The dynamic mechanical analysis results showed that tan δ rose from the original 1.20 to 1.44 with the addition of HBP‐OMMT. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016 , 133, 43645.     

丙烯酸酯橡胶与丁腈橡胶并用研究

对丙烯酸酯橡胶（ACM）与丁腈橡胶（NBR）并用胶的物理机构性能及耐热耐油性能进行了测试考察。实验结果表明,m(ACM):m(NBR)≥70:30的并用胶,综合性能比丁腈橡胶及丙烯酸酯橡胶好、成本低,可代替丙烯酸酯橡胶用作耐热耐油密封件胶料。     

The damping and flame‐retardant properties of poly(vinyl chloride)/chlorinated butyl rubber multilayered composites

The alternating multilayered damping composites, which were consisted of chlorinated butyl rubber (CIIR) layers and poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) layers, were first prepared through multilayered coextrusion technology. The multilayered structure was controlled by adjusting the layer number or the thickness ratio of CIIR layer and PVC layer. The damping and flame‐retardant properties of the CIIR/PVC multilayered damping composites were investigated by dynamic mechanical analysis, the limiting oxygen index, and thermogravimetric analyzer, respectively. The results showed that the effective damping temperature range was broadened with increasing the layer number, since multilayered structure resulted in partial overlap of the loss peaks of CIIR and PVC. Meanwhile, the flame‐retardant properties of the multilayered composites were also enhanced with increasing the layer number. Less surface area of CIIR contacting oxygen in the confined burning space, rather than the formation of char residue, could effectively retard the combustion of the material. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015 , 132, 41259.     

炭黑对丙烯酸酯橡胶/乙烯丙烯酸酯橡胶共混胶性能的影响

考察了炭黑种类对丙烯酸酯橡胶(ACM)/乙烯丙烯酸酯橡胶(AEM)共混胶硫化特性、物理机械性能、耐油性能、动态力学性能及热稳定性等的影响。结果表明,与未加入炭黑的试样相比,加入不同种类炭黑后共混胶的最大转矩(M_H)、最小转矩(M_L)及二者之差(M_H-M_L)均显著增大,焦烧时间(t_(10))和正硫化时间(t_(90))均缩短。共混硫化胶的物理机械性能、耐油性能及热稳定性均显著增强,但压缩永久变形变差,玻璃化转变温度均升高,损耗因子峰值均下降。随着炭黑粒径的增大,共混胶的M_H、M_L和M_H-M_L逐渐减小,t_(10)和t_(90)逐渐延长,物理机械性能逐渐变差,但热稳定性及压缩永久变形逐渐升高。加入炭黑N 990的共混硫化胶的热稳定性较差。     

Compatibilization efficacy of poly(isoprene–butyl acrylate) block copolymers in natural/acrylic rubber blends

Poly(isoprene–butyl acrylate) block copolymers with a variety of molecular weights and compositions were prepared via a controlled free‐radical polymerization with an iniferter. Subsequently, the block copolymers were used as compatibilizers in natural/acrylic rubber blends. Scanning electron micrographs revealed a cocontinuous morphology in the case of the normal blends with a low natural rubber content (20 wt %), whereas the blends that contained more natural rubber showed a dispersed‐particle morphology. When the rubbers were blended with 5 wt % block copolymer, the particle size decreased, and the tensile strength of the resulted blends increased, regardless of the block copolymer characteristics. For the blend that exhibited a cocontinuous morphology, the most effective compatibilizer was the block copolymer with an average molecular weight of 22,000 g/mol, containing mainly (87%) polyisoprene block. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 88: 921–927, 2003     

环保型增塑剂对丙烯酸酯橡胶/乙烯丙烯酸酯橡胶共混胶性能的影响

研究了环保型增塑剂RS-107、RS-700、RS-735和TegMeR?812对丙烯酸酯橡胶(ACM)/乙烯丙烯酸酯橡胶(AEM)共混胶性能的影响,结果表明,随着增塑剂的加入,ACM/AEM共混胶的转矩明显下降,不同增塑剂对共混胶硫化影响的差别不大。加入4种增塑剂均使得共混硫化胶的硬度、拉伸强度和100%定伸应力减小而扯断伸长率增大,压缩永久变形性能和热稳定性都出现了不同程度的下降,耐低温性能得以改善,提高了耐IRM 903标准油性能,但对耐ASTM No 1标准油性能的影响不大。加入增塑剂使得共混胶的玻璃化转变温度明显向低温方向偏移、储能模量减小。其中,RS-700赋予共混硫化胶最好的综合性能。     

Free‐radical terpolymerization of n‐butyl acrylate/butyl methacrylate/d‐limonene

d ‐Limonene (Lim) is a renewable monoterpene derived from citrus fruit peels. We investigated it for use as part of a more sustainable polymer formulation. The bulk free‐radical terpolymerization of n‐butyl acrylate (BA)/butyl methacrylate (BMA)/Lim was carried out at 80°C with benzoyl peroxide as the initiator. The terpolymerization was studied at various initial BA/BMA/Lim molar ratios, and the products were characterized for conversion, terpolymer composition, molecular weight, and glass‐transition temperature. Lim was observed to undergo a significant degradative chain‐transfer reaction, which greatly influenced the polymerization kinetics. The rate of polymerization, final conversion, and polymer molecular weight were all significantly reduced because of the presence of Lim. Nonetheless, polymers with relatively high weight‐average molecular weights (20,000–120,000 Da) were produced. The terpolymer composition was well predicted with the reactivity ratios estimated for each of the three copolymer subsystems. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015 , 132, 42821.     

Nonisothermal crystallization kinetics of polyamide 6 and ethylene‐co‐butyl acrylate blends

The nonisothermal melt‐crystallization behavior of PA6 and EBA blends at varying EBA content was investigated using differential scanning calorimetry at different scanning rates. Several macrokinetic models such as Avrami, Jeziorny, Ozawa, Liu, Ziabicki, and Tobin were applied to analyze the crystallization behavior thoroughly under nonisothermal conditions. The Avrami and Tobin model predicted that, for pure PA6 and PA6/EBA blends, simultaneous growth of all forms of crystal structures such as fibrillar, disc‐like, and spherulitic proceeds at an increasing nucleation rate. However, when applied to blends for isothermal crystallization, the Avrami model predicted that the crystallization process is diffusion‐controlled for pure PA6 and PA6/EBA blend containing higher content of EBA (50 phr), where the nylon‐6 chains were able to diffuse freely to crystallize under isothermal conditions. Liu model predicted that, at unit crystallization time, a higher cooling rate should be used to obtain a higher degree of crystallinity for both PA6 and PA6/EBA blends. The kinetic crystallizability of PA6 in the blends calculated using Ziabicki's approach varies depending upon the nucleation density and PA6‐rich regions present in the blend compositions. Nucleation activity of the blends estimated by Dobreva and Gutzowa method reveals that the EBA particles are inert at lower concentrations of EBA and do not act as nucleating agent for PA6 molecules in the blends. The activation energy of nonisothermal crystallization, calculated using Augis–Bennett, Kissinger, and Takhor methods indicated that the activation energy is slightly lower for the blends when compared to the neat PA6. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008     

Effects of core‐shell acrylate particles on impact properties of chlorinated polyethylene/polyvinyl chloride blends

The impact properties of core‐shell acrylate (CS‐ACR)/chlorinated polyethylene (CPE)/poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) blends under different temperatures were investigated. The fracture surface morphologies of the blends were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results show that there exists significant synergistic effect between CS‐ACR particles and CPE in toughening PVC, and the impact properties of the blends generally correlate well with SEM morphologies. Besides, with increasing CS‐ACR content, ductile–brittle transition point of the ternary blends remarkably shifts to a lower temperature. Dynamic mechanical analysis exhibited that intensity and area of low‐temperature tan δ peaks of the CPE/PVC blends increase obviously after the addition of CS‐ACR particles, which to some extent are just in line with the changes in impact strength and ductile–brittle transition point of the blends. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2009. © 2009 Society of Plastics Engineers     

Toughness,dynamic mechanical property,and morphology of polyvinylchloride/acrylonitrile‐styrene‐butyl acrylate blends

Acrylonitrile‐styrene‐butyl acrylate (ASA) graft copolymers with different acrylonitrile (AN) contents, the core‐shell ratio, and tert‐dodecyl mercaptan (TDDM) amounts were synthesized by seed emulsion polymerization. Polyvinylchloride (PVC)/ASA blends were prepared by melt blending ASA graft copolymers with PVC resin. Then the toughness, dynamic mechanical property, and morphology of the PVC/ASA blends were investigated. The results indicated that the impact strength of the PVC/ASA blends increased and then decreased with the increase of the AN content in poly(styrene‐co‐acrylonitrile (SAN) copolymer, and increased with the increase of the core‐shell ratio of ASA. It was shown that brittle‐ductile transition of PVC/ASA blends was dependent on poly(butyl acrylate) (PBA) rubber content in blends and independent of AN content in SAN copolymer. The introduction of TDDM made the toughness of PVC/ASA blends poor. Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) curves exhibited that PVC and SAN copolymers were immiscible over the entire AN composition range. From scanning electron microscopy (SEM), it was found that the dispersion of ASA in PVC/ASA blends was dependent on the AN content in SAN copolymer and TDDM amounts. J. VINYL ADDIT. TECHNOL., 22:43–50, 2016. © 2014 Society of Plastics Engineers     

Fabrication of novel hindered phenol/phenol resin/nitrile butadiene rubber hybrids and their long‐period damping properties

To overcome the modification shortcoming of phenol resin (PR) in decreasing the loss factor peak (tan δ_max) of nitrile butadiene rubber (PR/NBR) blends, the hindered phenol AO‐80/PR/NBR hybrids were successfully prepared. The tan δ_max of the hybrids is found to increase with the increment of AO‐80 content while they almost remains the same widths of damping temperature range as PR/NBR blend. Their damping properties can be regulated well by controlling the content of AO‐80. Various experimental data of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and dynamic viscoelastic measurements (DMAs) show that the good damping properties of the hybrids result from the cooperative effect of two different relaxation transitions: the hydrogen bonds of nitrile group associated with hydroxyl group of AO‐80 besides their glass transition. The effect does not decrease the width of damping temperature range of the hybrids but really maintain a high value of tan δ_max in a long duration; but it is found that the components of hybrids with the high content of AO‐80 become partly compatible after long‐period storage. So the content of AO‐80 is important to sustain the damping storage stability for NBR hybrids where the amount of AO‐80 below 50 phr is preferred. We believe that our studies provide some basic observations to serve the practical applications of NBR hybrids. POLYM. COMPOS., 2012. © 2012 Society of Plastics Engineers     

硫化剂对丙烯酸酯橡胶/乙烯丙烯酸酯橡胶共混胶性能的影响

为提高丙烯酸酯橡胶(ACM)/乙烯丙烯酸酯橡胶(AEM)共混胶的综合性能,采用硫化剂Diak No 1与促进剂Vulcofac ACT 55组成硫化体系,研究了硫化剂用量对ACM/AEM共混胶性能的影响。结果表明,随着Diak No 1用量的增加,共混胶焦烧时间逐渐延长,硫化反应速率逐渐减小;共混胶物理机械性能、耐热老化性能和耐IRM 903标准油性能逐渐提高,压缩永久变形性能先提高后降低。动态力学性能分析和差示扫描量热分析结果表明,随着Diak No 1用量的增加,共混胶的玻璃化转变温度逐渐升高,储能模量逐渐增大。     

氯丁橡胶/丙烯酸酯橡胶共混研究

丙烯酸酯橡胶(ACM)的耐热老化性能和耐油性能较好,但力学性能较差。而氯丁橡胶(CR)的力学性能较高,耐温性能较差。两种橡胶并用可使力学性能和热老化性能有显著的提高。采用丙烯酸酯橡胶(ACM)和氯丁橡胶(CR)共混改性,通过偏光显微镜(×400)对共混物中两种橡胶的分散情况进行了分析。研究了CR/ACM共混物质量比、混炼和硫化工艺对共混物性能的影响,结果表明:当CR/ACM并用比在75/25时,采用过氧化二异丙苯、氧化锌、硫磺共硫化体系,白炭黑在混炼时分两次加入,硫化条件为165℃×10 MPa×30 min时,获得的CR/ACM共混物具有优异的力学性能和热老化性能。     

Study on the damping of EVM based blends

The mechanical and damping properties of blends of ethylene‐vinyl acetate rubber(VA content >40 wt %) (EVM)/nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) and EVM/ethylene‐propylene‐diene copolymer (EPDM), both with 1.4 phr BIPB (bis (tert‐butyl peroxy isopropyl) benzene) as curing agent, were investigated by DMA. The effect of polyvinyl chloride (PVC), chlorinated polyvinyl chloride (CPVC), and dicumyl peroxide (DCP) on the damping and mechanical properties of both rubber blends were studied. The results showed that in EVM/EPDM/PVC blends, EPDM was immiscible with EVM and could not expand the damping range of EVM at low temperature. PVC was miscible with EVM and dramatically improved the damping property of EVM at high temperature while keeping good mechanical performance. In EVM/NBR/PVC blends, PVC was partially miscible with EVM/NBR blends and remarkably widened the effective damping temperature range from 41.1°C for EVM/NBR to 62.4°C, while CPVC mixed EVM/NBR blends had an expanded effective damping temperature range of 63.5°C with only one damping peak. Curing agents BIPB and DCP had a similar influence on EVM/EPDM blends. DCP, however, dramatically raised the height of tan δ peak of EVM/NBR = 80/20 and expanded its effective damping temperature range to 64.9°C. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011     

溴化丁基橡胶/丁腈橡胶并用胶微观结构及性能研究

用改性沥青作相容剂,研究溴化丁基橡胶(BIIR)/丁腈橡胶(NBR)并用胶的微观结构和性能。结果表明:与未添加改性沥青CJ-100的BIIR/NBR并用胶相比,添加改性沥青CJ-100的BIIR/NBR并用胶的相容性较好,加工性能改善,气密性、耐屈挠和耐臭氧性能提高;添加5份改性沥青CJ-100的BIIR/NBR(并用比为80/20)并用胶物理性能、气密性、耐屈挠和耐臭氧性能较好,气密性接近全BIIR胶料,有望用于全钢载重子午线轮胎气密层。     

Non‐isothermal crystallization kinetics and segmental dynamics of high density polyethylene/butyl rubber blends

Non‐isothermal crystallization kinetics and dynamics of polymer blends are important to both theory and applications. In this work, we studied the morphology, crystal structure, non‐isothermal crystallization kinetics and dynamics of high density polyethylene/butyl rubber (HDPE/IIR) blends. The non‐isothermal crystallization kinetics is analyzed by Mo's model and the dynamics behavior is analyzed by a linear method. The results of morphology, non‐isothermal crystallization kinetics and dynamics show that the condensed structure of HDPE/IIR blends has a marked influence on their non‐isothermal crystallization kinetics and segmental dynamics. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry     

High‐temperature solution polymerization of butyl acrylate/methyl methacrylate: Reactivity ratio estimation

Solution copolymerizations of butyl acrylate/methyl methacrylate in toluene were performed over an expanded temperature range (60–140°C) compared to more typical ranges that do not exceed 80°C. From a large amount of data collected independently at two laboratories, reactivity ratios were estimated at five different temperatures. The reactivity ratios were estimated from low conversion copolymer composition data using both the error‐in‐variables model method and a nonlinear parameter estimation based on the integrated copolymer composition equation. Using all of the available data, temperature‐dependent expressions were developed for the reactivity ratios and compared to previously published bulk copolymerization values. No significant differences appeared to exist between the bulk and solution polymerization reactivity ratios. Furthermore, the copolymer composition data conformed to the Mayo‐Lewis kinetic model over the entire temperature range. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 77: 602–609, 2000     

顺丁橡胶对硅橡胶/丙烯酸酯橡胶并用胶的增容作用

采用偏光显微镜、差示扫描量热仪以及力学性能、热老化性能测试手段,研究了顺丁橡胶(BR)增容的甲基乙烯基硅橡胶(MVQ)/丙烯酸酯橡胶(ACM)共混体系的并用比(质量比)、硫化工艺参数以及BR的加入对并用胶力学性能、耐热老化性能和相容性的影响。结果表明,BR的加入改善了MVQ/ACM并用胶的力学性能和耐热老化性能,当白炭黑用量为30份、BR/MVQ/ACM的并用比为25/45/55时,并用胶的力学性能和耐热老化性能最好;最佳硫化工艺参数为70℃×10 MPa×30 min;加入BR可以改善MVQ/ACM并用胶的相容性,且使其玻璃化转变温度降低,耐低温性能提高。