Performance of a large building rainwater harvesting system

Rainwater harvesting is increasingly becoming an integral part of the sustainable water management toolkit. Despite a plethora of studies modelling the feasibility of the utilisation of rainwater harvesting (RWH) systems in particular contexts, there remains a significant gap in knowledge in relation to detailed empirical assessments of performance. Domestic systems have been investigated to a limited degree in the literature, including in the UK, but there are few recent longitudinal studies of larger non-domestic systems. Additionally, there are few studies comparing estimated and actual performance. This paper presents the results of a longitudinal empirical performance assessment of a non-domestic RWH system located in an office building in the UK. Furthermore, it compares actual performance with the estimated performance based on two methods recommended by the British Standards Institute - the Intermediate (simple calculations) and Detailed (simulation-based) Approaches. Results highlight that the average measured water saving efficiency (amount of mains water saved) of the office-based RWH system was 87% across an 8-month period, due to the system being over-sized for the actual occupancy level. Consequently, a similar level of performance could have been achieved using a smaller-sized tank. Estimated cost savings resulted in capital payback periods of 11 and 6 years for the actual over-sized tank and the smaller optimised tank, respectively. However, more detailed cost data on maintenance and operation is required to perform whole life cost analyses. These findings indicate that office-scale RWH systems potentially offer significant water and cost savings. They also emphasise the importance of monitoring data and that a transition to the use of Detailed Approaches (particularly in the UK) is required to (a) minimise over-sizing of storage tanks and (b) build confidence in RWH system performance.     

虹吸雨水系统在大屋面排水中的应用

介绍了虹吸雨水排水系统的工作原理,结合工程实例,阐述了虹吸雨水排水的优点,着重对虹吸雨水系统在大屋面排水中的工艺流程进行了研究,并对实施后的经济效益、社会效益及管理效益作了分析,指出该排水系统值得在大屋面雨水系统中推广。     

Economical viability analysis of an innovative gravity-driven rainwater harvesting system for a commercial office building

Gravity-driven rainwater harvesting (RWH) system showcases a promising alternative solution to reduce energy consumption in rainwater recycling. However, the economic efficiency is one of the most concerns with regard to the adoption of this green infrastructure. In this study, a commercial official building has a rooftop area of 1600 m² and with 560 inhabitants was assumed to apply two configurations of RWH system (i.e., gravity system and pressure system), and comparative study was conducted to evaluate the economic performance of two RWH systems. The potential water saving quantity of the RWH system was simulated based on a daily water balance model and their expected economic efficiency were discussed in terms of benefit cost ratio and net present value. Results shown that only when the building height is higher than 102 m or the property rent is less than 0.4 CNY (China Yuan) per square metre per day, can make the gravity system economically attractive. This study provides an innovative approach to utilize roof rainwater in a more low-energy mode; it is of great significance to promote building energy-saving and carbon reduction.     

某大型商业建筑中庭性能化设计

结合工程实例对某大型商业建筑中的超大中庭进行分析,提出"亚安全区"的性能化设计方法,并利用计算机模拟技术模拟了相邻商铺发生火灾时烟气蔓延情况及其对亚安全区的影响。     

浅述虹吸式屋面雨水排水系统技术与应用

虹吸式屋面雨水排水系统可有效控制管内雨水流速和压力,能充分利用雨水的动能,改善水力性质,使排水更通杨.工程应用实践证明,在强降雨时期,系统功能稳定,无溢流现象.     

虹吸式屋面雨水排水系统的应用

介绍了虹吸式屋面雨水排水系统的产生及适用范围,比较了传统的屋面雨水排水系统和虹吸式屋面雨水排水系统,研究了虹吸式排水的三个阶段,得出了虹吸式排水系统更经济的结论,以推广虹吸式屋面雨水排水系统。     

春城温馨苑住宅屋顶雨水系统安排的技术总结

通过对春城温馨苑住宅楼概况的简单阐述,提出在具体施工过程中可能出现的问题,针对春城温馨苑住宅屋顶的雨水系统安排设计情况进行了探讨和分析,并且延伸分析了屋面雨水排系统的设计意见,希望能对相关工作有一定的借鉴作用。     

虹吸式屋面雨水排水系统应用

系统阐述了虹吸武屋面雨水排水系统的工作原理、系统组成、应用范围，通过具体工程实例，介绍了虹吸式屋面排水系统的施工工艺，以推广虹吸式屋面雨水排水系统的应用。     

商业广场雨水回收利用系统设计

结合工程实例,对屋面雨水的收集、处理和回用系统方案进行了分析,并针对屋面收集的雨水水质,总结了雨水收集回用工艺流程,指出将雨水净化处理后作为中水回用于绿化浇洒、冲厕等,是衡量绿色设计的一项重要指标。     

某大型地下商业建筑性能化消防设计

针对某大型地下商业建筑消防设计中存在的与现行国家消防标准要求相矛盾的问题,采用性能化防火设计的方法,从性能化设计评估的安全目标、发生火灾时建筑内人员可用疏散时间与必需疏散时间等方面进行分析,并通过某防火分区人员疏散的模拟计算解决建筑疏散设计方面的问题.同时,提出对此类建筑运用性能化设计评估的建议.     

谈机场航站楼屋面雨水排水系统的设计

以乌兰察布机场航站楼屋面雨水排放系统的设计为例,对压力流虹吸式系统与重力流系统进行了比较,并对压力流虹吸式系统设计中的一些问题进行了探讨,最后提出了合理建议以供借鉴。     

大型无外窗商业建筑火灾的扑救

分析无外窗商业建筑的基本特征和火灾特点,提出扑救此类火灾的基本对策,为此类建筑火灾的灭火作战提供支持和借鉴。     

浅议建筑屋面雨水排水

根据现行《建筑给水排水设计规范》对建筑屋面雨水排水系统的要求,对建筑屋面雨水流态进行分析。同时,针对现有虹吸雨水排水系统的计算模型,并结合能量方程的适用条件,对有关问题提出了看法。建议利用国内现有的排水试验塔,开展屋面雨排水实验研究,分析雨水流态,总结实验数据,用于指导工程设计。     

A thermal model of a roof pond system with moveable insulation for heating a building

This paper presents a periodic thermal model of a roof pond with moveable insulation used for passive heating of a building. The analytical results obtained are seen to be in good agreement with the experimental observations.     

以某商厦为例讨论屋面施工的专项方案

结合某商厦工程概况,详细地阐述了屋面结构的修改、屋面落水管数量的修改及屋面排水分区、坡向的二次设计,并介绍了施工实践情况及屋面施工的体会,以完善屋面工程的二次设计。     

The assessment of a roof drainage system for an historical building

Roof drainage systems of historical buildings no longer serving effectively under existing conditions should be repaired according to maintenance programs developed specifically for them through a study of their characteristics, discharge capacities, faults and the climatic conditions prevailing in their environs. The studies necessary for this should ideally be done using non-destructive methods. Such a study was conducted on the roof of a 13th century stone monument, “Agˇz?karahan”, in Aksaray, Turkey, to assess its overall drainage adequacy and its potential for taking corrective action. Results showed that the roof was originally configured to provide a proper peripheral drainage system. However, it fails at present due to earlier incorrect interventions and subsequent lack of maintenance. Suggestions were made on urgent remedial interventions, preventive measures and future improvements.     

某商业建筑火灾自动报警系统设计

通过具体工程实例,介绍了某商业建筑火灾报警控制系统的组成及方案设计。     

砌块墙体—顶层多孔砖—坡顶屋面建筑体系研究

针对一些砌块建筑的裂缝主要产生在顶屋、门窗洞口、墙角等温度变化大、应力集中以及施工不规范地方的现象,研究出砌块墙体－顶层多孔砖墙体－坡顶屋面的建筑体系,克服了温差变形对砌块墙体的影响,有效地控制了墙体裂缝和屋面漏水。为保证工程质量,对混凝土小砌块、烧结多孔砖和彩色水泥瓦的质量、结构设计及施工均提出了相应要求。     

大型商业建筑燃气消防安全设计性能评价与实践

对大型商业建筑燃气使用的消防安全设计性能进行评价并实践,保证工程经济与技术可靠性紧密地结合,才能提高燃气场所的消防安全度。     

浅析商用空调在大型公共建筑中的安装要点

从监理方的角度来探讨商用空调在具体实例工程中的运用，阐述了商用空调系统在施工安装过程中规范未提及的技术及使用要点，以供同行借鉴和斧正。