Developments in liquid membrane technology and membrane distillation

Euromembrane 2000 was held in Israel on 24–27 September 2000. In keeping with the conference's tradition, it brought together people working in different areas of membranology, and it covered both research & development and applications. Based entirely on abstracts of papers which were presented at the conference, this thematic round-up focuses on a number of the talks which dealt solely with developments in liquid membranes, their characteristics and properties, and membrane distillation.     

平板膜生物反应器中超滤膜的筛选

认为膜的筛选应该采用膜所要应用的实际工况即错流过滤的方式来进行.结果表明,用1 h的过滤试验来进行膜筛选,可能会带来不正确的结果,并确定筛选试验的过滤时间为4h.本试验最终选择PVDF膜为后续试验用膜.     

聚丙烯中空纤维微孔膜减压膜蒸馏

研究了聚丙烯中空纤维微孔膜（PPHM）减压膜蒸馏（VMD）对0．51mol／LNaCl水溶液的分离性能．实验表明,在40～65℃盐水温度范围内,两个膜组件的脱盐效率接近100％,蒸馏通量J随盐水温度的升高而增大,J与膜两侧的蒸汽压差△p成线性关系．PPHM的装填密度不同时,器件的蒸馏系数Km没有明显差别,但装填密度较低时膜两侧的△p较大,使得J较大,表明渗透过蒸汽在膜下游的传质对蒸馏通量有很大影响．     

科研用平板刮膜机

推荐一种科研用小型平板刮膜机 .介绍了该机的开发背景及其构造和性能 .用此刮膜机进行了刮膜实验 ,所制膜的重复性好 ,能将所研制膜的参数和工艺条件准确地定量控制 ,从而为膜的研制提供了必要的工具     

Fouling characteristics of membrane filtration in membrane bioreactors

The application of microfiltration and ultrafiltration membranes to waste-water treatment is attracting increasing interest, even though they can be limited by their tendency to foul. This problem is particularly acute in side-stream membrane bioreactors, in which a relatively high flux is employed compared with the submerged membrane bioreactor configuration. Experiments simulating the conditions found in a side-stream membrane bioreactor have been conducted to determine the effect that changes in operating conditions have on the fouling characteristics of different membranes.