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辅助给水系统对缓解全厂断电事故能力研究 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
以CPR1000核电站为研究对象,采用RELAP5/MOD3.2轻水堆瞬态分析程序,对系统进行合理简化并建模,模拟系统在全厂断电事故下的瞬态响应过程,研究全厂断电事故发生后辅助给水(AFW)的投入对缓解全厂断电事故的能力。计算结果表明:断电事故发生后,主给水丧失导致一回路压力和冷却剂平均温度在断电后6s达到峰值;辅助给水投入约200s后,一回路因热阱丧失而引起的温度和压力升高能有效地得到缓解,为交流电源的恢复及余热排出系统的投入赢得了更多的时间。 相似文献
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本文利用MELCOR1.8.5程序建立了典型的M310核电站的严重事故模型,基于该模型设计了多种非能动的缓解措施,针对由全厂断电诱发的严重事故,模拟研究了这些非能动安全措施的缓解效果。研究结果表明:在全厂断电事故下,堆芯补水箱系统、堆腔注水系统、非能动余热排出系统均能有效地投入使用,并显著地延缓事故的发展,将核电站稳定在一个安全的状态,为人工干预赢得更多时间。 相似文献
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为确定整体效应试验模拟中的重要热工水力现象,本文以AP1000为例,对AP系列非能动核电厂全厂断电工况下的事故现象进行了识别和排序。通过分析非能动全厂断电的事故进程划分了事故阶段,并基于核电厂设计进行了系统分解;通过对法规进行技术分析,获得了非能动核电厂全厂断电事故的安全要求和评判指标;通过对主回路冷却剂系统(RCS)、非能动堆芯冷却系统(PXS)内热工水力现象的识别和重要度判断,得到了非能动核电厂全厂断电事故现象识别与排序表。研究结果表明:非能动核电厂全厂断电事故可分为主回路自然循环、非能动堆芯冷却系统自然循环和长期冷却三个阶段;主冷却剂系统的水体积,尤其是稳压器内的水体积是全厂断电事故中应关注的核心评判指标;在系统部件内识别出的热工水力现象,按其对评估指标的影响程度,可进行现象重要度排序。 相似文献
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按照现有的设计和遵循的相关规程,秦山核电厂事故工况下主给水系统隔离后不能恢复运行,对核电厂总的堆芯损伤频率的贡献较大。本文应用PSA的模型及结果.阐明主给水系统恢复运行的必要性。探讨恢复主给水系统运行的可能性.给出了相关可行性方案,以便抛砖引玉,展开对秦山核电厂事故后恢复主给水系统运行的专题研究。 相似文献
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Using the MELCOR code, we simulated and analyzed a severe accident at a Chinese pressurized reactor 1000-MW (CPR1000) power plant caused by station blackout (SBO) with failure of the steam generator (SG) safety relief valve (SRV). The CPR1000 response and results for three different scenarios were analyzed: (i) seal leakage and an auxiliary feed water (AFW) supply; (ii) no seal leakage or AFW supply; and (iii) seal leakage but no AFW supply. The results for the three scenarios are compared with those for a simple SBO accident. According to our calculations, the SG SRV stuck in the open position would greatly accelerate the sequence for a severe accident. For an SBO accident with the SRV stuck open without seal leakage or an AFW supply, the pressure vessel would fail at 9576 s and the containment system would fail at 124,000 s. If AFW is supplied, pressure vessel failure would be delayed nearly 30000 s and containment failure would delay at least 50000 s. When seal leakage exists, pressure vessel failure is delayed about 50 s and containment failure time would delay about 30000 s. The results will be useful in gaining an insight into the detailed processes involved and establishing management guidelines for a CPR1000 severe accident. 相似文献
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Advanced small modular reactors (SMRs) use different design in the systems, structures, components from large reactors for achieving a high level of safety and reliability. In present work, the SMRs severe accident caused by the station blackout (SBO) was modeled and analyzed using MELCOR code, and the simulation of the accident scenario response to SBO was conducted. Based on the steady state calculation, which agrees well with designed values, we introduced the SBO accident for transient calculation. First, the case of the SBO accident without the passive core cooling system (PXS) was calculated. The progression and scenario in the reactor pressure vessel (RPV) and the containment were simulated and analyzed, including the transient response, cooling capacity and thermal-hydraulic characteristics and so on. The station black-out transient in the SMR can be simulated accurately, and the main failure model in the accident process can be concluded. Then three other cases of the SBO accident with different passive safety systems (core makeup tank (CMT), accumulator (ACC), passive residual heat removal system heat exchanger (PRHR HX), automatic depressurization system (ADS)) of the PXS were calculated respectively, and the results for different passive safety systems were compared. The passive core cooling system can not only provide water to the primary coolant system, but also take away the reactor decay residual heat. So in a station black-out transient, we can get more time for restoring AC power, and effectively prevent the accidents such as Fukushima. 相似文献
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利用MELCOR程序对CPR1000全厂断电叠加蒸汽发生器(SG)安全阀误开启事故引发的严重事故进行建模与分析,初步实现了对CPR1000严重事故进程的仿真计算与模拟。文中重点分析了无轴封泄漏和辅助给水、有轴封泄漏和辅助给水、有轴封泄漏但无辅助给水3种不同假设条件下CPR1000全厂断电严重事故的响应进程和结果。计算结果显示,SG安全阀误开启对事故进程有重要影响。在无轴封泄漏和辅助给水的情况下,压力容器在9576 s失效;当存在辅助给水时,压力容器失效延后近30000 s;而当存在轴封泄漏时,压力容器失效延后50 s左右。结果证明了发生全场断电叠加SG安全阀误开启事故情况下辅助给水和轴封泄漏对事故起到有效缓解作用。 相似文献
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秦山核电厂蒸汽发生器传热管破裂事故分析 总被引:3,自引:2,他引:1
给出了秦山核电厂蒸汽发生器传热管破裂事故的审评计算结果,对30 min内操纵员不动作的事故特点、影响满溢的参数和操纵员的干预效果作了分析研究。 相似文献
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华龙一号(HPR1000)设计了堆腔注水冷却系统(CIS)以实现严重事故期间熔融物的堆内滞留(IVR),该系统分为能动与非能动两列子系统,其中非能动CIS应对的是全厂断电(SBO)始发的严重事故工况。本文对非能动CIS的事故缓解能力进行评估。首先开发了下封头熔池换热计算程序并予以验证,使用MAAP程序对SBO严重事故序列及SBO叠加不同尺寸一回路破口始发的严重事故序列进行计算,并结合熔池换热计算程序得到不同事故序列下的压力容器外壁面最大热流密度,进而评估不同事故序列下非能动CIS的有效性。评估结果表明,非能动CIS可有效应对SBO始发的严重事故序列以及SBO叠加一回路破口尺寸小于60 mm始发的严重事故序列,实现IVR策略。评估结果可应用于HPR1000的严重事故管理。 相似文献