06Ni9钢热处理性能及组织结构

06Ni9钢在不同的热处理条件下性能变化较大，但二次淬火可提高钢低温韧性，这是由于残留奥氏体和组织结构稳定导致的双重效果。     

Ni元素对高碳纳米结构贝氏体钢组织和性能的影响

设计了含Ni和无Ni两种纳米结构贝氏体钢种,进行了不同温度下等温淬火热处理实验,目的是研究Ni对等温淬火纳米结构贝氏体钢相变、组织和性能的影响。结果表明,与连续冷却工艺不同,在等温淬火过程中,Ni元素的添加降低了贝氏体相变驱动力,减少贝氏体体积分数,同时使TTT曲线右移,减慢等温贝氏体相变动力学。此外,在等温淬火后,Ni元素的添加提高钢的冲击性能,但由于贝氏体量的减少和残余奥氏体的增多,使钢的拉伸性能降低。其次,随着相变温度的升高,含Ni钢和无Ni钢的强塑积略有增加。     

热处理工艺对高强度含铜9Ni钢组织和性能的影晌

随着液化天然气（LNG）储罐朝着大型化发展,在不增加容器壁厚的情况下,必须提高钢板强度。在传统9Ni钢中添加Cu,通过析出强化,使其强度水平得到显著提高。提出一种新型含1．25％Cu（质量分数）9Ni钢。试验钢经过控轧直接淬火（DQ）;研究了DO材料分别经过1）QLT（奥氏体（γ）单相区淬火（Q）＋两相区（α＋γ）淬火...     

LNG储罐用钢06Ni9板型控制

介绍了06Ni9钢的特性及其在生产初期存在的问题。分析了影响06Ni9板型的三个关键参数———淬火机水量比、辊缝、辊速,并提出了调整、优化这三个参数的有效措施,找到了有效控制06Ni9板型的冷却模型。     

两相区热处理工艺对9NiCrMo钢强韧性的影响

 研究了淬火＋回火（QT）和淬火＋两相区淬火＋回火（QLT）2种热处理工艺对9NiCrMo钢力学性能的影响,分别采用OM和SEM观察了微观组织结构,利用X射线衍射和透射电镜研究了不同热处理后逆转变奥氏体的含量及其分布,进而分析了该工艺对9NiCrMo钢力学性能的影响规律及其机理。结果表明：两相区热处理能够在保证强度级别的同时,有效改善9NiCrMo钢的低温韧性,生成的双相组织及改变了逆转变奥氏体的分布状态是其提高钢低温韧性的主要原因。     

两相区淬火对5NiCrMo钢组织与性能的影响

研究了淬火 两相区淬火 回火工艺(QQ'T)对5NiCrMo钢力学性能的影响,采用光学显微镜和透射电镜详细观察了微观组织结构,分析了组织演变规律及其对性能的影响.研究结果表明,5NiCrMo钢经QQ'T处理后屈强比降低,低温韧性提高,并改善了回火稳定性.板条状的回火二次马氏体 铁素体的混合组织及回火过程中沿板条边界析出的逆转变奥氏体是试验钢获得良好性能的原因.     

屈服强度785 MPa低碳含铜船板钢的组织和性能

 研究了一种屈服强度大于785 MPa的船板钢,测试了其动态连续冷却相变曲线（CCT）,研究了试验钢经控制轧制+直接淬火+回火（DQ- T）工艺处理后的组织性能。结果表明,直接淬火（DQ）钢板组织为板条马氏体（LM）,回火后铜、铌元素呈弥散析出。经500 ℃回火钢板的强度最高,冲击韧性（KV2）最低。钢板经710 ℃回火,其组织为二次马氏体（SLM）+铁素体,屈服强度（Re）为810 MPa,抗拉强度（Rm）为 1 066 MPa,伸长率（A）为17%,在-80 ℃下KV2为97 J,达到最佳强韧性匹配。     

热处理对1Cr12Ni3Mo2VN马氏体耐热钢组织和性能的影响

试验1Cr12Ni3Mo2VN钢（/%:0.13C,0.16Si,0.70Mn,11.42Cr,2.78Ni,1.67Mo,0.30V,0.0360N）的冶金流程为30t EAF-LF-VD-3t ESR-锻造成Φ350mm材。研究了950~1100℃淬火和200~700℃回火对1Cr12Ni3Mo2VN钢组织与性能的影响以及500℃,500~10000h时效的拉伸性能。结果表明,淬火温度950~1100℃对1Cr12Ni3Mo2VN钢力学性能的影响不明显;该钢的回火脆性区在600℃左右,但对钢的塑性的影响较小。经1040℃淬火、540℃回火的1Cr12Ni3Mo2VN钢,在500℃时效500h后,其抗拉强度和屈服强度分别下降了7.7%和5.8%,时效10000h后,其抗拉强度和屈服强度分别下降了13.4%和14.6%,断面收缩率下降了40%,主要原因是杂质元素在晶界处偏聚以及碳化物在晶界处析出。     

低温压力容器06Ni9DR钢转炉生产实践

介绍了应用顶吹氧气转炉冶炼生产06Ni9DR低温压力容器钢的过程。对转炉冶炼温度、钢水镍含量、碳含量、磷含量等工艺参数的控制进行了生产研究。实践表明,采用半钢双联法冶炼,出钢温度1 585~1 635℃、镍含量8.8%~9.3%、终点碳含量小于0.035%时,可以稳定控制06Ni9DR钢的工艺参数,终点磷含量小于0.005%。     

低C含7.7%Ni低温钢经两相区淬火后的组织性能

 提出了一种Ni质量分数为7.7%的低C低温用CrNi钢,研究了其经淬火+两相区淬火+回火（QLT）处理后的力学性能,采用扫描电镜（SEM）、透射电镜（TEM）、X射线衍射（XRD）和电子背散射衍射（EBSD）对试验钢的显微组织演化规律进行了研究。结果表明：经QLT处理的试验钢的显微组织主要为铁素体（F）+板条马氏体（LM）+马氏体/奥氏体组元（M/A）+回转奥氏体（γ′）。随着两相区热处理温度（tL）的升高,LM的比例逐渐增加,F的比例逐渐减少,晶粒细化,大角度晶界（HAGB）比例和平均晶界角度（AGBA）大幅增加。当tL在650~680℃时,γ′的体积分数约为7%。-196℃下韧性（KV2）主要取决于γ′含量和HAGB比例两个因素。经QLT处理,试验钢的屈服强度（Rp0.2）大于530MPa,抗拉强度（Rm）大于670MPa,-196℃下的冲击韧性大于150J,强韧性达到了当前9Ni钢的水平。     

Banded Microstructure Formation and Its Effect on the Performance of 06Ni9 Steel

Focusing on the banded microstructure formed during the production of 06Ni9 steels for cryo-LNG,this paper examines its formation,distribution of alloying elements,structure,hardness,and low-temperature property.The results show that the banded microstructure formed after hot-rolling and cooling of the steel binct in which the element segregation occurred during solidification.The phase change during heat treatment also can cause the formation of the banded microstructure of 06Ni9 steel.The white bands are mainly composed of ferrite and reversed austenite,and the black bands are mainly composed of reversed austenite and a certain amount of ferrite.Element segregation and formation of more carbide caused some black regions to appear.Grain refinement of 06Ni9steel is beneficial to the formation of reversed austenite,the redistribution of alloying elements,improving the stability of austenite and the low-temperature toughness of steel.This steel easily undergoes nickel segregation;thus,undergoing a secondary quenching and tempering process is recommended.The refinement of martensite quenching above A c3,the martensite that is rich in nickel and carbon,residual austenite and a few little of ferrite after secondary quenching lower than A c3 are beneficial to the formation of high stability austenite.Thus,this can meet the strength and toughness requirement of the low temperature 06Ni9 steel.     

06Cr19Ni10奥氏体不锈钢的DTA试验与组织分析

 根据铬当量、镍当量的计算结果推断了06Cr19Ni10奥氏体不锈钢的凝固模式,并采用差热分析技术（DTA）对06Cr19Ni10奥氏体不锈钢在10和30℃/min的加热冷却速度下的凝固过程进行了研究,对DTA曲线中的吸热峰和放热峰进行了分析,并采用激光共聚焦显微镜（LSCM）和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）对样品进行了测定。分析结果表明：06Cr19Ni10奥氏体不锈钢的实际凝固模式为FA型,即铁素体奥氏体型。随着冷却速率的增加,奥氏体形核率增大,残余的δ铁素体在形态上更加细小分散。该研究结果对实际生产中改善铸坯组织,提高铸坯质量具有着一定的意义。     

Physical properties in the temperature range from –180 to 400°C of nickel alloy steels for low-temperature applications

Nickel, which is the second neighbour to iron in the periodic table of elements, has a significant effect on most of the physical properties of the steels studied here, with the nickel content of the steels varying between 3 and 9%. Density and coercive force increase as the nickel content in the steel increases. By contrast, thermal expansion, modulus of elasticity and shear modulus decrease with increasing nickel content. Because of large scatter in the data, it is not possible to notice any significant influence of nickel content on Poisson's ratio and bulk modulus. Specific heat is also found not to vary with the nickel content of the steel. Electrical resistivity and thermal resistivity values increase, as expected, with increasing nickel content. The results of thermal conductivity measurements on 12 Ni 19 and X 8 Ni 9 have led to the development of modified Smith-Palmer relationships, which allow the calculation of the thermal conductivity values for the present set of steels and other steels with similar compositions.     

Prediction of critical forging penetration efficiency for 06Cr19Ni9NbN steel by dynamic recrystallization

In order to determine the critical forging penetration efficiency(FPE)of 06Cr19Ni9NbN steel,a new model was presented to describe critical FPE,which is significant to optimize the steel forging process.The plane strain compression tests were conducted to obtain the model and confirm its validity.The results indicated that the dynamic recrystallization(DRX)volume fraction increases and the grain size decreases with the rise of reduction ratio.Meanwhile,the compression process was simulated by DEFORM software.The tensile tests were conducted and the results demonstrated that the mechanical properties gradually become stable when the reduction ratio increases to 30%,34% and 40%at 1 200,1 100 and 1 000°C,respectively.The calculated results based on this new model are consistent with experimental results,indicating that the model is suitable to predict the critical FPE for the steel.     

碳含量对Cr17Mo型耐蚀塑料模具钢组织和性能的影响

试验研究了成分(％)为:0．39C,0．70Ni,16．73Cr,1．07Mo和0．53C,1．05Ni,16．87Cr,0．96Mo两种Cr17Mo型耐蚀塑料模具钢的淬回火组织、力学性能和耐蚀性能。试验结果表明,当Cr17Mo型钢中碳含量由0．39％提高至0．53％时,经1 060℃淬火,475℃回火后该钢的峰值硬度HRC值由46．5提高到53．4;两种试验钢在弱酸、氧化性酸和1％盐酸中均有较高的耐腐蚀性能。     

幕墙连接件用铸态中氮奥氏体不锈钢的力学性能和耐蚀性

试验用新型铸态超低碳低镍中氮奥氏体不锈钢022Cr20Mn10Ni6N(%:0.023～0.027C、9.86～9.95Mn、19.24～20.09Cr、5.41～5.42Ni、0.27～0.34N)由15 kg中频感应炉冶炼,并试验研究了铸态022Cr20Mn10Ni6N钢与铸态304钢(%:0.076C、1.87Mn、18.02Cr、8.64Ni)的组织,力学性能和耐蚀性。结果表明,新型铸态不锈钢的力学性能、耐点蚀性能、耐弱酸弱碱均匀腐蚀性能明显优于铸态304不锈钢,新型铸态不锈钢022Cr20Mn10Ni6N中性盐雾耐蚀性和304钢相当,可满足大气环境玻璃幕墙金属连接件的应用要求。     

ZG06Cr13Ni4Mo钢化学成分与力学性能计算机多元回归分析

对ＺＧ０６Ｃｒ１３Ｎｉ４Ｍｏ钢力学性能的生产数据用计算机进行了多元回归，建立了显著性较高的回归模型，。用该模型可对ＺＧ０６Ｃｒ１３Ｎｉ４Ｍｏ钢铸件的力学性能进行预测，用于指导生产。     

硼对低温球罐用钢07MnNiMoVDR 50 mm板组织与力学性能的影响

低温球罐用钢07MnNiMoVDR(/%:0.06~0.08C、0.20~0.30Si、1.50~1.60Mn、0.30~0.40Ni、0.10~0.15Cr、0.18~0.25Mo、0.04~0.05V、0.02~0.04Al)50 mm板由100 t UHP EAF-LF-300 mm×2 000 mm CC-4辊可逆轧机轧制工艺生产。研究了0~0.002 0%B对该钢900℃淬火-620℃回火的50 mm板组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明,加硼能显著提高钢板淬透性,以钢板心部得到均匀贝氏体为主的组织;当硼含量超过0.001 5%时,组织粗大并有混晶出现,冲击功下降,抗拉强度750 MPa超出标准上限(730 MPa)。当钢中硼含量控制在0.0005%~0.001 5%时钢板有良好的强韧性匹配,抗拉强度R_m为630~690 MPa,冲击功140~275 J,满足标准要求。