掺杂硫酸盐对含钛高炉渣光催化性能的影响

采用高能球磨法,掺杂不同比例的硫酸铵,以攀钢含钛高炉废渣为原料,在400℃煅烧2h合成了具有钙钛矿型的硫酸盐掺杂的含钛高炉渣催化剂(Sulfate-modified titanium-bearing blast furnace slag, STBBFS).用X射线衍射(XRD)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、紫外可见漫反射光谱(UV-vis)和热重(TG)分析对STBBFS催化剂进行了表征,确定其具有钙钛矿结构,在紫外区域具有很强的光吸收能力.不同硫酸铵掺杂量下,STBBFS催化剂的光催化活性由Cr(Ⅵ)的还原率来评价,结果表明,硫酸铵掺杂量为5%时,STBBFS催化剂具有较高的光催化活性,500W中压汞灯照射8h,可将质量浓度为20mg/L的六价铬废水完全降解.     

高温固相法制备钒掺杂含钛高炉渣光催化抗菌材料

采用高温固相法,掺杂不同质量分数的V2O5,在800℃煅烧2h合成了钒掺杂的含钛高炉渣催化剂(vanadium oxide modified titanium bearing blast furnace slag,VTBBFS)。用X射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜和紫外-可见漫反射光谱仪对钒掺杂的含钛高炉渣催化剂进行了表征,确定其具有钙钛矿结构;粉体的颗粒形态均为不规则块状,800℃煅烧后出现了团聚现象;在紫外区域具有强光吸收能力,并发生红移。以白色念珠菌为实验菌种考察钒掺杂的含钛高炉渣催化剂抗真菌能力。结果表明,V2O5掺杂量为10%时,催化剂具有较强的抗白色念珠菌能力,在普通光照下杀菌率可达到100%。     

含钛高炉渣催化剂的光催化活性

以攀钢含钛高炉废渣为原料,在不同温度下煅烧合成了钙钛矿型硫酸掺杂的含钛高炉渣催化剂(sulfuric acid-modified titanium-bearing blast furnace slag,STBBFS),研究了混晶结构和硫掺杂对含钛高炉渣光催化活性的影响,结果表明,含钛高炉渣催化剂具有钙钛矿/锐钛矿混晶结构,粉体的颗粒形状不规则,煅烧后粒径变大;在紫外区域具有很强的光吸收能力,STBBFS催化剂的光催化活性由Cr(Ⅵ)的还原率评价.煅烧温度为400℃时,STBBFS催化剂的表面存在含量较高的SO2-4和较高的CaTiO3/TiO2晶相比,具有较高的光催化活性,用500 W中压汞灯照射10 h,可将浓度为20 mg·L-1的六价铬废水完全降解.     

含钛高炉渣光催化降解邻硝基酚的实验研究

研究了用处理过的含钛高炉渣作为光催化材料光催化降解邻硝基酚溶液,并探讨了影响其光催化性的多种影响因素,以寻求含钛高炉渣综合利用的新途径.实验结果表明:含钛高炉渣作为光催化材料对邻硝基酚溶液有降解作用;邻硝基酚溶液的浓度越低,降解率越高.本实验中,用负载于玻璃片的含钛高炉渣降解邻硝基酚溶液时,最佳溶液浓度为15mg/L;邻硝基酚溶液的pH值为3.0时降解率最大;对邻硝基酚溶液施加电压可提高光催化效率,降解率随电压的增大而增大.     

中钛型含钛高炉渣制微晶玻璃及其性能研究

以中钛型含钛高炉渣为主原料制备微晶玻璃,利用渣中的TiO_2作晶核剂。采用差示扫描量热法(DSC)、X射线衍射(XRD)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)等分析技术研究了含钛高炉渣用量的变化对基础玻璃晶化、微晶玻璃性能的影响。结果表明,渣中适量的TiO_2对玻璃晶化有较好的促进作用。渣用量较低时制得的微晶玻璃的主晶相为硅灰石,但当渣用量超过70%时,主晶相发生变化,变为钙铝黄长石等长石类矿相。中钛型含钛高炉渣用量为63%左右时,制得的微晶玻璃晶相含量合适,性能最好。此时采用的热处理制度为:核化温度720℃,保温1h,晶化温度945℃,保温2h,制得的微晶玻璃抗弯强度为121.68 MPa,显微硬度为7.81GPa。     

钽掺杂对层状钙钛矿镧钛酸钾光催化性能的影响

用高温固相法制备Ta^5＋掺杂的K2-xLa2Ti3-xTaxO10（x=0．1—1．0）系列层状钙钛矿,用XRD,UV—VIS和BET等方法对样品进行表征,研究了钽取代钛对层状钙钛矿镧钛酸钾光催化性能的影响．结果表明,掺杂,Ta降低了半导体颗粒能隙,拓展了光响应范围,提高了光催化活性．随着Ta掺杂量的增加,少量,Ta团聚覆盖在材料颗粒表面,x增至0．8时发生相转变,导致光催化活性下降．结果表明,K1.9La2Ti2．9Ta0.1O10具有最佳光催化活性．     

中钛型含钛高炉渣制微晶玻璃及其性能研究

以中钛型含钛高炉渣为主原料制备微晶玻璃,利用渣中的TiO2作晶核剂.采用差示扫描量热法(DSC)、X射线衍射(XRD)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)等分析技术研究了含钛高炉渣用量的变化对基础玻璃晶化、微晶玻璃性能的影响.结果表明,渣中适量的TiO2对玻璃晶化有较好的促进作用.渣用量较低时制得的微晶玻璃的主晶相为硅灰石,但当渣用量超过70％时,主晶相发生变化,变为钙铝黄长石等长石类矿相.中钛型含钛高炉渣用量为63％左右时,制得的微晶玻璃晶相含量合适,性能最好.此时采用的热处理制度为:核化温度720℃,保温1h,晶化温度945℃,保温2h,制得的微晶玻璃抗弯强度为121.68MPa,显微硬度为7.81 GPa.     

硫酸铁铵滴定法测定高钛型高炉渣中的钛

针对高炉渣反应活性差、熔样困难等特点,采用将炉渣粒度球磨至120目以下,硼酸和碳酸钠(2+1)作熔剂,900℃下熔融20 min,在瓷坩埚中铺垫石墨的方式来代替铂坩埚熔融样品,然后用硫酸(φ=10%)加热浸取熔块,铝还原Fe3+消除干扰,最后用硫酸铁铵滴定法测定钛含量。该方法用于高炉渣中钛的测定,相对标准偏差RSD(n=5)为0.41%~0.75%,加料回收率为98.6%~101.5%,能满足测定要求。     

钽掺杂对层状钙钛矿镧钛酸钾光催化性能的影响

用高温固相法制备Ta5 掺杂的K2-xLa2Ti3-xTaxO10(x=0.1-1.0)系列层状钙钛矿,用XRD,UV-VIS和BET等方法对样品进行表征,研究了钽取代钛对层状钙钛矿镧钛酸钾光催化性能的影响.结果表明,掺杂Ta降低了半导体颗粒能隙,拓展了光响应范围,提高了光催化活性.随着Ta掺杂量的增加,少量Ta团聚覆盖在材料颗粒表面,x增至0.8时发生相转变,导致光催化活性下降.结果表明,K1.9La2Ti2.9Ta0.1O10具有最佳光催化活性.     

N掺杂对TiO2结构及可见光光催化性能影响的研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法,在钛酸丁酯水解过程中加入一定量的尿素,制备了不同N掺杂量的光催化剂TiO2-xNx.以亚甲基蓝溶液为降解对象,研究催化剂在可见光区的催化性能;利用XRD、XPS、SEM、UV-Vis对催化剂的结构、形貌和光催化性能进行了表征.实验结果表明,掺杂的N以O-Ti-N的形式存在于TiO2结构中,N元素抑制了锐钛矿相向金红石相的转变和晶粒的长大;样品中形成了新的能级结构,提高了TiO2在可见光下的光量子效率和光催化能力.掺杂量为3.84%(质量分数)的TiO2-xNx在可见光区的响应能力最高,吸收波长延伸至520nm,其光催化活性最大,1.5h降解率达到55.54%.     

氧化钴/高炉渣催化剂的丙烷氧化脱氢性能

以攀钢高炉渣为载体,采用固体研磨法负载氧化钴,制备了氧化钴/高炉渣负载型催化剂,并以XRD、 H2-TPR技术对催化剂进行表征,研究了其对丙烷氧化脱氢制丙烯反应的催化性能.实验结果表明氧化钴负载在高炉渣上提高了丙烯选择性,氧化钴的负载量为20%时催化剂表现较好的催化性能,在550℃时丙烷转化率为28.80%,丙烯选择性为35.51%.本实验为资源综合利用及减少环境污染提供了新方法.     

Alkali activated slag pastes with surface-modified blast furnace slag

A surface modification method for blast furnace slag particles is newly proposed to retard the setting time and to mitigate the flow loss in alkali activated slag pastes. BFS particles were treated by a NaOH solution and then were carbonated to modify the surface of the particles. This leads to suppression of the dissolution of the reactive components at the initial stage of the reaction. The effect of the carbonation period and the modifying solution on the physicochemical characteristics of surface-modified BFS particles was investigated. The reaction and mechanical characteristics of AAS pastes produced from surface-modified BFS were also investigated. The test results show that the developed AAS pastes exhibited the delayed setting behavior and the retarded flow loss, and had a compressive strength comparable to those of AAS pastes produced from unmodified BFS.     

Hydration of alkali-activated ground granulated blast furnace slag

The hydration of ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) at 25 °C in controlled pH environments was investigated during 28 days of hydration. GGBFS was activated by NaOH, and it was found that the rate of reaction depends on the pH of the starting solution. The main product was identified as C-S-H, and, in the pastes with high pH, hydrotalcite was observed at later stages of hydration. The pH of the mixing solution should be higher than pH 11.5 to effectively activate the hydration of GGBFS. As deduced from very low electrical conductivity measurements, GGBFS pastes had very tortuous and disconnected pores. The effect of the pH of the aqueous solution on the composition, microstructure and properties of alkali-activated GGBFS pastes are also discussed.     

Mechanical and cementitious characteristics of ground granulated blast furnace slag and basic oxygen furnace slag blended mortar

Reusing waste materials and reducing carbon emissions are crucial environmental concerns. Ground granulated basic oxygen furnace slag (GGBOS) and ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) are the by-products of the steel industry and has positive effects on the environment because it reduces the problems associated waste disposal. This study reused these two products to completely replace cementitious materials, thus contributing to waste recycling, reducing the production demand for cement, and mitigating carbon emissions. Twelve mixture proportions were designed in this study, including an ordinary Portland mortar (OPM) as the control group and 11 steel/iron slag blended mortar (SISBM) experimental groups for the mechanical and cementitious characteristic experiments. The optimal mixing ratio for SISBM compressive strength ranged from GGBOS (steel slag): GGBS (iron slag) = 3:7 to 5:5 (by weight). At the age of 91 days, the compressive strength of SISBM reached 80–90% compared with that of the control group. Based on the pH values, free-CaO, and microanalysis results, the cementitious characteristics were mainly generated because the GGBOS increased the free-CaO or Ca(OH)₂ concentrations in the SISBM curing water and provided alkaline environments for Ca(OH)₂ to engage in the pozzolanic reaction with the SiO₂ and Al₂O₃ in GGBS, forming crystals such as calcium aluminum silicate hydrate, (C–A–S–H), calcium silicate hydrate (C–S–H), and calcium–magnesium–alumina–silicate (C–M–A–S), which generated strength and strengthened microstructure.     

Review: alkali-activated blast furnace slag for eco-friendly binders

Journal of Materials Science - From infrastructure to national defense construction, concrete has been a key enabler in human history. While as the main binding material, ordinary Portland cement...