双燃料发动机燃烧放热规律分析及燃烧特性研究

从热力学和内燃机燃烧的基本理论入手 ,推导了计算分析双燃料发动机缸内工质成分和热力学参数的计算关系式以及求解双燃料发动机燃烧放热规律的微分方程式 ,基于面向对象技术开发了双燃料发动机燃烧放热规律计算软件。研究结果表明 :用传统柴油机分析方法计算双燃料发动机的放热率峰值偏小 ,所计算的缸内工质平均温度偏高 ,新模型计算的结果与实际情况更为吻合。该分析软件可以适用于多种燃料发动机 ,是内燃机燃烧放热规律的通用计算软件。双燃料发动机燃烧特性研究表明 :双燃料发动机初始放热率比纯柴油大 ,若着火始点在上止点后 ,双燃料缸内最大爆发压力比纯柴油低 ,否则比纯柴油高 ;控制双燃料发动机着火始点是控制缸内最大爆发压力和 NOx 排放的关键 ,双燃料发动机着火始点应在上止点后 ,可以使发动机爆发压力和 NOx 排放比纯柴油低。     

天然气／柴油机双燃料燃烧特性及规律的研究

通过试验及其分析、探讨天然气和柴油复合燃烧特性规律,并具体阐述负荷,转速、替代率、引燃料油时,进气混合气浓度,供油提前角和燃烧室形式等因素对双燃料燃烧压力变化规律,放热规律、着火特性,最高替代率变化规律等的影响,特别指出了天然气／柴油机双燃料燃烧的主要特征、存在的主要问题和需要采取的技术措施。     

双燃料发动机放热模型的试验分析

本文通过燃用汽油及液化石油气的对比试验得出了两种燃料的对燃烧特性，从而在燃烧机理上分析了其燃烧特性。结论表明以汽油机改装的LPG发动机虽然自身带有一些缺陷，但通过改装及调试可以获得较理想的动力性。     

双燃料发动机燃烧模型的研究与应用

以天然气为主要燃料、少量柴油机为引燃油的双燃料发动机为研究对象,建立模型,它包括热力学、经学反应动力学、引燃油多区传热和燃烧模型。应用该模型预算了双燃料发动机的燃烧过程,分析了运行和结构参数对双燃料发动机性能和排放的影响。     

柴油-液化石油气双燃料发动机放热规律的研究

利用CB366燃烧分析仪测录了柴油—液化石油气双燃料发动机和原柴油机在不同工况下的示功图,进行了放热规律的计算和对比分析,得出了有关双燃料发动机燃烧特性的结论     

双燃料发动机的燃烧模型

针对双燃料发动机燃烧特性，建立了柴油喷雾扩散燃烧子模型和气体燃烧均质混合气火焰传播燃烧子模型，应用该模型研究了双燃料发动机燃烧机理，计算结果和实验结果相当吻合。计算表明：当引燃柴油比例较大时，双燃料发动机燃烧过程以喷雾混合控制燃烧为主，柴油喷雾扩散燃烧模型与实测较吻合；当柴油比例较小时，该过程以均质混合气火焰传播燃烧为主，均质混合气火焰传播燃烧模型与实测软吻合。计算结果表明，引燃柴油量对双燃料发动机性能影响较大，引燃柴油减少，着火滞燃期延长，缸内最大爆发压力升高。     

IPG发动机双区燃烧放热模型的分析

本文介绍了LPG放热率计算的工质热力学参数及其燃烧化学的计算模型，建立了双区放热模型，对影响模型精度的因素进行了理论及实验研究。     

柴油—液化石油气双燃料发动机放热规律的研究

利用ＣＢ３６６燃烧分析仪测录了柴油－液化石油气双燃料发动机和原柴油机在不同工况下的示功图,进行了放热规律的计算和对比分析,得出了有关双燃料发动机燃烧特性的结论。     

生物制气-柴油双燃料发动机放热规律试验研究

采用气化炉热解气化各种农林废弃的生物质,产生可燃生物制气,用作为以柴油引燃的双燃料发动机的主要燃料。测量生物制气-柴油双燃料发动机气缸压力,计算分析放热规律。双燃料发动机与燃用纯柴油时的发动机相比,燃烧始点延迟,最大燃烧压力降低,最大放热率和排气温度增加,后燃较严重。负荷增大时,双燃料发动机燃烧始点提前,最大燃烧放热率增高,最高燃烧温度升高,后燃较严重。供油提前角提前时,后燃减小,燃烧过程明显改善。     

压燃式双燃料发动机燃烧模型的新进展

本文提出了用含有１１９个化学反应式，４１种化学组分的燃烧模型，实现了对甲烷（ＣＨ４）－柴油双燃料发动机燃烧过程的描述。与现有模型相比，本模型创建了化学反应机理子模型及相应的气相反主尖的理论体系，克服了凭经验组合反应机理的缺点；用多区燃烧模型代替了对引燃油瞬时燃尽假设的引燃油燃烧模型，在传热学模型中考虑了辐射因素，并局用热力学性质代替整体热力学性质进行传热计算。     

Combined impact of varying biogas mass flow rate and rice bran methyl esters blended with diesel on a dual-fuel engine

ABSTRACT

For fetching day-to-day energy needs, current energy requirement majorly depends on fossil fuels. But ambiguous matter like abating petroleum products and expanding air pollution has enforced the experts to strive for another fuel which can be used as an alternative or reduce the applications of fossil fuels. Considering the issues, the main objective of the present study is to find the feasibility by using blends of rice bran oil biodiesel and diesel which are used as pilot fuels by blending 10% and 20% biodiesel in fossil diesel and biogas, introduced as gaseous fuel by varying its mass flow rate in a dual-fuel engine mode. An experimentation study was carried out to find the performance and emission parameters of the engine relative to pure diesel. The results were very much similar to the majority of researchers who used biodiesel and gaseous fuels in a dual-fuel engine. Brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) of the engine was noticed to have increased, while brake thermal efficiency was on the lower side in dual fuel mode in comparison with regular diesel. In relation with conventional diesel, it was noticed that combined effect of rice bran methyl esters and varying mass flow rate of biogas showed a decrement in NO _x and smoke emissions, whereas HC and CO exhalations were on higher side when biogas and biodiesel were utilized collectively in dual-fuel engine. Hence, it was concluded that combination of blends of biodiesel and diesel and introduction of biogas in the engine can be a promising combination which can be used as a substitute fuel for addressing future energy needs.     

Heat release rate markers for premixed combustion

The validity of the commonly used flame marker for heat release rate (HRR) visualization, namely the rate of the reaction OH + CH₂O ⇔ HCO + H₂O is re-examined. This is done both for methane–air and multi-component fuel–air mixtures for lean and stoichiometric conditions. Two different methods are used to identify HRR correlations, and it is found that HRR correlations vary strongly with stoichiometry. For the methane mixture there exist alternative HRR markers, while for the multi-component fuel flame the above correlation is found to be inadequate. Alternative markers for the HRR visualization are thus proposed and their performance under turbulent conditions is evaluated using DNS data.     

Modelling of hydrogen-blended dual-fuel combustion using flamelet-generated manifold and preferential diffusion effects

In the present study, Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes simulations together with a novel flamelet generated manifold (FGM) hybrid combustion model incorporating preferential diffusion effects is utilised for the investigation of a hydrogen-blended diesel-hydrogen dual-fuel engine combustion process with high hydrogen energy share. The FGM hybrid combustion model was developed by coupling laminar flamelet databases obtained from diffusion flamelets and premixed flamelets. The model employed three control variables, namely, mixture fraction, reaction progress variable and enthalpy. The preferential diffusion effects were included in the laminar flamelet calculations and in the diffusion terms in the transport equations of the control variables. The resulting model is then validated against an experimental diesel-hydrogen dual-fuel combustion engine. The results show that the FGM hybrid combustion model incorporating preferential diffusion effects in the flame chemistry and transport equations yields better predictions with good accuracy for the in-cylinder characteristics. The inclusion of preferential diffusion effects in the flame chemistry and transport equations was found to predict well several characteristics of the diesel-hydrogen dual-fuel combustion process: 1) ignition delay, 2) start and end of combustion, 3) faster flame propagation and quicker burning rate of hydrogen, 4) high temperature combustion due to highly reactive nature of hydrogen radicals, 5) peak values of the heat release rate due to high temperature combustion of the partially premixed pilot fuel spray with entrained hydrogen/air and then background hydrogen-air premixed mixture. The comparison between diesel-hydrogen dual-fuel combustion and diesel only combustion shows early start of combustion, longer ignition delay time, higher flame temperature and NOx emissions for dual-fuel combustion compared to diesel only combustion.     

柴油/液化石油气(LPG)发动机燃烧放热规律的计算与分析

利用LPG发动机实测示功图，计算出在柴油机中燃烧液化石油气的燃烧放热规律。由生成的放热规律曲线分析了液化石油气发动机的燃烧特性，并提出了改善液化石油气发动机的性能的措施。     

基于放热率分析的乙醇柴油燃烧特性的研究

对高速轻型车用柴油机燃用乙醇柴油燃料的放热率和燃烧特性进行了研究,并对多种比例乙醇柴油的排放特性进行了考察。研究表明:在乙醇柴油的十六烷值恢复到原柴油的条件下,乙醇柴油的预混燃烧延长,扩散燃烧缩短,总的燃烧持续期缩短;高负荷下的着火延迟接近柴油,但在中低负荷仍然与柴油有较大的差距;乙醇柴油的最大瞬时放热率低于柴油。在排放方面,乙醇柴油能够同时降低烟度和NOx排放,但在中低负荷下的CO和HC略有上升。     

双燃料发动机放热率计算和试验分析

提出了一个描述双燃料发动机燃烧特性的多区模型,模型将气体燃料的燃烧和引燃柴油的燃烧分别进行考虑。建立了由实测示功图求解双燃料发动机放热率的微分方程式,开发了计算双燃料发动机燃烧放热规律的软件,并在一台生物质气-柴油双燃料发动机上与传统柴油机放热率计算模型进行了试验验证和对比。研究和试验结果表明,用传统柴油机分析方法计算双燃料发动机的放热率峰值偏大,所计算的缸内工质平均温度偏高,新模型计算的结果与实际情况更吻合。     

柴油机放热规律在数值计算中的应用

柴油机缸内燃烧过程的模拟是柴油机工作过程模拟的基础,燃料燃烧放热规律决定了缸内压力变化和能量转换的过程,进而影响整个燃烧过程。笔者以TBD234V12增压中冷柴油机为母型机,根据热力学第一定律,利用MATLAB语言编制了柴油机实测示功图反算放热率的程序,计算出燃烧放热率,以此作为已知数据进行工作过程计算,为柴油机工作过程和燃烧过程的研究提供了更为真实准确的燃烧放热规律。同时,利用三韦伯曲线来模拟缸内的放热规律,在达到同样柴油机综合性能指标条件下,分析二者的共同点与不同点。     

AVL Indicom热力学计算及燃烧放热分析

介绍了热力学计算的基本原理及基于AVL Indicom的热力学计算的基本理论,探讨了内燃机燃烧放热基本过程与关键参数,并提出了一种利用燃烧放热基本参数更为迅速准确地判断最佳点火角的方法。     

四冲程汽油机 CAI 燃烧放热率模型研究

通过大量试验数据分析,提出了适用于四冲程汽油机可控自燃（ControlledAutoIgnition,CAI）燃烧的放热率模型。研究发现汽油机CAI燃烧在低温时有少量放热,因此,放热率模型包括两个阶段——低温缓慢自燃阶段和高温迅速放热阶段,与一维发动机模拟软件GT-Power相耦合后在相同试验条件下着火时刻及平均指示压力PIMEP的计算结果与试验结果偏差较小。此模型可用于进行发动机预测、设计以及控制策略的研究。     

Thermo-economic analysis and optimization of a combined Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) system with LNG cold energy and waste heat recovery of dual-fuel marine engine

A combined Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) system with liquefied nature gas (LNG) cold energy and dual-fuel (DF) marine engine waste heat utilization was proposed. Engine exhaust gas and engine jacket cooling water were adopted as parallel heat sources. Thermo-economic analyses of the proposed system with 32 working fluids combinations were performed. Two objective functions covering thermal efficiencies and economic index were employed for performance evaluation. Afterward, the effects of operation pressure on the objective functions were investigated. Finally, the optimal conditions were obtained from the Pareto front with the Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm-II (NSGA-II) method. The results show that the proposed ORC system has better energy recovery performances than the parallel ORC system. R1150-R600a-R290, R1150-R601a-R600a, and R170-R601-R290 are determined as the three most promising working fluids combinations. Under optimized conditions, the output power range is 199.97 to 218.51 kW, the energy efficiency range is 13.64% to 15.62%, and the exergy efficiency range is 25.29% to 27.3%. The payback period ranges from 8.36 to 8.74 years. The working fluids selection helps to reduce the exergy destruction of intermediate heat exchanger, which could be up to 30.59%.