Design of sequence set with group-wise zero correlation window

Zero correlation window (ZCW) or zero correlation zone (ZCZ) sequence can be used in quasi-synchronous code division multiple access (QS-CDMA) system to eliminate multiple access and multipath interferences. However, as the length of ZCW or ZCZ increases, fewer sequences are available. Recently, a new concept, sequence set with group-wise zero correlation window is introduced, which can increase the number of available sequences for a QS-CDMA system. In this article, a new method for generating sequence set with group-wise zero correlation window is presented. This method is based on a Hadamard matrix of size N×N and a pair of Hadamard matrices of size M×M. Compared with previous methods, the proposed sequence set has a group-wise zero correlation window for both periodic and aperiodic cross-correlation functions.     

最佳及几乎最佳高斯整数ZCZ序列集的构造

高斯整数零相关区（ZCZ）序列集作为准同步码分多址（QS-CDMA）系统的地址序列不仅能抑制系统的多径干扰（MAI）和多址干扰（MPI）,而且为系统提供高传输码率和高的频谱利用率,但目前这种地址序列的构造结果还较少,针对此问题本文提出了一种利用过滤操作构造高斯整数ZCZ序列集和完美高斯整数序列的方法.基于完美序列和周期ZCZ序列集本文获得了最佳或几乎最佳的高斯整数ZCZ序列集,同时基于完美序列构造了周期为奇数和偶数的完美高斯整数序列.本文的构造结果为高速QS-CDMA系统提供了更多的地址选择空间.     

最佳零相关区序列集构造方法的改进

近年来准同步CDMA(QS-CDMA)系统引起了人们的广泛关注,这是因为在这种系统中应用零相关区(ZCZ)序列作为其扩频序列集,可以减小甚至消除多址干扰和多径干扰。Matsufuji、Tang和Hayashi分别研究了由最佳序列和正交矩阵构造最佳零相关区序列集的方法。改进了Hayashi的方法,利用最佳序列和一个2阶或3阶正交矩阵构造最佳零相关区序列集。该方法使用更加方便,扩大了基于最佳序列和正交矩阵构造最佳零相关区序列集的方法的适用范围。     

New Signature Waveforms for Multi-rate QS-CDMA System with QPSK Modulation

This paper presents a multi-rate quasi-synchronous CDMA (QS-CDMA) system with QPSK modulation based on the new signature waveforms, namely GPZ-chip waveforms which are constructed by the generalized pairwise Z-complementary (GPZ) codes and optimal chip waveforms. According to the properties of GPZ-chip waveforms, the multiple access interference of different users can be reduced or eliminated. The interferences among different streams of the same user are handled by an optimal (or suboptimal) multi-stream detector(s). The performance of the proposed system is simulated and analyzed in a cellular communication environment consisting of multipath fading. The result shows that the proposed system has similar performance as compared to the single-rate QS-CDMA system employing GPZ codes with one chip waveform due to the properties of multi-stream detection. Also, the proposed system can achieve a significant interference reduction as compared to the multi-rate system employing concatenated WH/m sequence sets with one chip waveform due to the zero correlation zone properties of the GPZ-chip waveforms, thus resulting better BER performance.     

The Construction of GOS Spreading Code Sets and Their Applications into Multi-Rate Multe-Cell QS-CDMA Systems

In this paper, a class of generalized orthogonal sequences (GOS) is presented with the the following characteristics, (1) the cross-correlations in the vicinity of zero shift (zero shift is excluded) between two arbitrary sequences from different GOS sets are zeros; (2) the cross-correlations in the vicinity of zero shift between two arbitrary sequences from different subsets of the same GOS set are zeros; and (3) two arbitrary different sequences from the same subset of the same GOS set are orthogonal. By applying the GOS sets to multi-rate multi-cell quasi-synchronous CDMA (QS-CDMA) system, the system interference is analyzed and compared with that of well-known concatenated orthogonal/PN sequence sets. It is shown that due to the zero correlation properties in the vicinity of zero shift, the interference of system employing GOS sets can achieve a bigger reduction than concatenated orthogonal/PN sequence sets, thus resulting better BER performance than that of latter under the same conditions.     

一种新的低/零碰撞区跳频序列集构造方法

低/零碰撞区跳频序列能够应用于准同步跳频通信系统中以缓解多址干扰的影响。提出了一种新的基于交织方法的低/零碰撞区跳频序列集构造方法。针对序列集的不同参数设计合理的移位序列,通过交织变换构造具有最优或次优性的低/零碰撞区跳频序列集。对不同参数进行了数值仿真,得到和所提方法一致的结论,且该方法构造的序列集具有更低的周期碰撞次数,实用性更强。新的低/零碰撞区跳频序列集可以应用于准同步跳频通信系统中,从而获得更优的性能。     

交织法构造最佳或几乎最佳低零相关区序列集

该文提出一种新的移位序列的构造方法,通过给移位序列赋予不同的值,得到一类新的移位序列。基于这种移位序列,利用交织法得到了一类具有灵活相关区长度并且参数接近甚至达到理论界限的低零相关区序列集,扩大了交织法的应用范围,得到了更多的适用于准同步CDMA系统的扩频序列集。     

Construction of zero correlation zone Gaussian integer sequence set

The construction of zero correlation zone (ZCZ) Gaussian integer sequence set was researched.Based on binary orthogonal matrices,ZCZ ternary sequence sets were constructed by adding zeros at first.Then the ternary ZCZ squences were transformed into Gaussian integer sequences by using a perfect Gaussian integer sequence without changing the ideal autocorrelation functions and crosscorrelation functions in the zero correlation zone.The proposed ZCZ Gaussian integer sequence sets are optimal or almost optimal with respect to the Tang-Fan-Matsufuji bound.     

交织法构造移位不等价的ZCZ/LCZ序列集

本文给出了移位不等价序列集的概念,提出一种移位序列构造方法,并基于这种移位序列,利用交织法得到了多个移位不等价的低零相关区序列集.同以前方法相比扩展了序列集的数量,可以为准同步CDMA通信系统提供更多的扩频序列.通过本文方法还可以利用任意长度的完备序列来构造相互正交的零相关区序列集,放宽了对完备序列长度的限制,从而可以...     

Multiple-access interference reduction for QS-CDMA systems with anovel class of polyphase sequences

In this paper, a new class of polyphase sequences for CDMA systems and its generation method are suggested, and the correlation properties of the sequence are investigated. The performance of the sequence in quasi-synchronous CDMA (QS-CDMA) systems is investigated under a frequency-selective, time-nonselective, slow Nakagami fading channel with additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN). It is shown that the performance of the QS-CDMA systems using the suggested sequence is independent of the number of users and is much better than that using the PN sequence     

一类零相关区序列偶集的研究

在准同步CDMA系统中,使用零相关区(ZCZ)序列能够避免共信道冲突和多址干扰。通过应用序列偶理论,基于交织技术和一类最优ZCZ序列集中的移位序列,成功构造出了具有良好自相关和互相关性能的ZCZ序列偶集,不但可以生成不同的零相关区,而且使得序列偶集中的所有序列都循环移位不等价。仿真结果表明,它的性能优良,适于作准同步CDMA系统的扩频序列。     

Symbol Error Rate Performance of QS-CDMA over Frequency Selective Time Non-Selective Multipath Generalized Gamma Fading Channels

Quasisynchronous (QS) Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) is currently being considered for a variety of wireless applications and services because QS-CDMA enables information transmission with a good quality of service. In this paper, for M-ary signaling, the Symbol Error Rate (SER) performance of QS-CDMA communication system with a maximal ratio combiner (MRC) over frequency-selective, time-nonselective multipath Generalized Gamma (GG3) fading channels is derived not only for any deterministic spreading sequences but also for any chip-limited chip waveforms, and it is investigated for Rectangular, Half-Sine, and Raised-Cosine chip waveforms by means of numerical and simulation results. Numerical and simulation results show that the performance of QS-CDMA is as good as or slightly better than synchronous CDMA (S-CDMA) when the maximum quasisynchronous delays do not need to be less than some specific values depending on the path power scattering. With this flexibility of quasisynchronous delays, both the transmitter and receiver complexities are reduced as quasisynchronous communication is a challenging task for researchers. Additionally, since not only the spreading sequences but also the partial autocorrelation functions of the chip waveform are influential on the performance of multipath QS-CDMA, a measure, Partial Power Ratio (PPR) is defined based on these partial autocorrelation functions in order to select or design a chip waveform for quasisynchronous communication. Furthermore, results show that QS-CDMA using the chip waveform whose PPR is greater has better performance.

A generalized QS-CDMA system and the design of new spreading codes

A generalized quasi-synchronous code-division multiple-access (QS-CDMA) system for digital mobile radio communications is proposed. In a QS-CDMA system, the relative time delay between the signals of different users is random and restricted in a certain time range, that is, the signals are quasi-synchronous. The analysis shows that the multiple-access interference (MAI) of the QS-CDMA system is determined by the cross-correlation between spreading codes around the origin. To minimize the MAI of the QS-CDMA system, we design a new set of spreading codes. The performance is evaluated according to the criteria of the bit error rate (BER). Analytic results of the BER are obtained by using two methods: Gaussian approximation and characteristic function approaches, which are checked by modified Monte Carlo computer simulations known as “importance sampling.” The results indicate that the performance of the QS-CDMA system using the spreading codes we construct is much improved     

一类三元非周期零相关区序列集的构造

该文基于任意两个NN Hadamard矩阵,构造出一类三元非周期零相关区序列集。与Donelan和OFarrell的构造方法相比,该文构造出的序列具有较高的能量效率。又进一步构造出两个相互正交的具有非周期零相关区的三元序列集,这样就可以提供更多的能够在准同步CDMA系统中使用的序列。     

一类相互正交的零相关区序列集的构造

该文基于完备序列和正交序列集,构造出一类相互正交的零相关区序列集。与Rathinakumar和Chaturvedi的构造相比,该文提出的方法能生成更多相互正交的零相关区序列集。     

采用广义正交序列的多载波DS-CDMA系统在瑞利衰落信道中的性能分析

在CDMA系统中，采用正交序列可以有效地减小多址干扰的影响。然后，当由于多径衰落的影响使码片间的相对移位增加时，系统中用户扩频序列间的相互正交性减弱，导致性能大大恶化。本文基于新近提出的广义正交序列，分析了采用该序列的多载波直接序列码多分址系统在瑞利衰落信道中的误比特性能。数值结果表明，当扩频序列间相互移位在零相关区之内时，扩频序列仍可保持正交，因而大大提高了系统误比特性能。     

基于交织法的不等价低零相关区序列集设计

本文给出两种新的移位序列集的构造方法,同时计算出不等价移位序列集数量的上界.提出移位序列起始点和初始距离的概念,CBIID方法通过设计合适的初始距离构造多个不等价移位序列集,可以利用交织技术获得多个不等价低零相关区序列集,该方法灵活选择起始点,是对现有不等价移位序列构造方法的扩展.CBVID方法以此为基础,并在一个移位序列集合中基于不同的初始距离构造移位序列,增加了移位不等价低零相关区序列集合的数量,与现有方法相比,可以构造更多的适合多小区准同步码分多址通信系统的扩频序列集,不同小区分配的低零相关区序列集移位不等价,降低不同小区间用户的干扰.     

点对多点无线局域网中直扩序列选取

扩频序列的选择和构造是扩频通信系统设计的关键技术之一,系统的抗干扰、抗多径衰落、抗截获、保密、同步实现等均与所采用的扩频序列密切相关,扩频序列良好的相关特性和随机性对系统的性能具有决定性的作用。在点对多点通信系统中采用直接序列扩频方式,结合实际需求,通过对m序列、M序列、gold序列和kasami序列进行充分分析和仿真,得到了5种长度相关性能最优的直扩序列。     

基于m-序列的二元零相关区序列构造新方法

基于伪随机序列,提出一种二元零相关区序列构造方法。该方法利用伪随机序列的游程特性,通过在伪随机序列的适当位置进行插值,使生成的序列具有一定长度的零相关区。为了提高序列的丰富性,提出两种扩展方法:一种基于交织技术,通过构造移位序列,使交织序列的周期增大而零相关区不变;另一种方法将零相关区序列与Hadamard矩阵的行向量按位相乘,该方法能够增加零相关区序列数量的同时不改变序列的周期。数值仿真证明了所提方法的有效性。     

Optimal PN sequence design for quasisynchronous CDMA communicationsystems

Direct sequence (DS) code-division multiple-access (CDMA) is a modulation and multiple access technique currently being implemented in digital cellular mobile radio communication systems. The conventional quasisynchronous (QS) DS-CDMA communication system is generalized, and the problem of optimal spreading pseudonoise (PN) sequence design for new QS DS-CDMA communication systems is formulated. The classes of optimal PN sequences which have good pseudo-randomness and very small cross-correlation values for some range of offsets are designed by using a matrix-based approach. In contrast to the case of the other sequences, the optimal PN sequences produce small multiple-access interference (MAI) which is not affected by the number of users if there are sufficiently large number of users in the link. The new results are compared with the commonly used PN sequences to prove the superiority of our designed sequences, and the system performance of the QS-CDMA systems using different PN sequences are also evaluated