多孔氧化铝陶瓷膜支撑体在HNO3溶液中的静态腐蚀

研究了在温度为45~90℃、浓度为1~10 mol/L的HNO3溶液中,高铝多孔陶瓷膜支撑体的微观结构变化、质量损失率与时间的关系以及支撑体机械强度随其质量损失率的变化关系。结果表明,多孔氧化铝支撑体在酸性溶液中的腐蚀主要发生在支撑体颗粒之间的烧结颈部。建立了多孔支撑体的质量损失率与腐蚀时间的定量数学关系,并结合支撑体机械强度与其质量损失率的关系,对多孔支撑体在不同温度和浓度HNO3溶液中的使用寿命进行了预测。研究表明,多孔陶瓷膜支撑体具有优异的耐酸性能。     

氧化铝陶瓷膜支撑体酸碱腐蚀性能研究

研究了在煮沸状态下,氧化铝陶瓷膜支撑体分别在20%(体积分数)H_2SO_4和10%(质量分数)NaOH中腐蚀后,质量损失和弯曲强度的损失,以及两种损失与腐蚀时间和酸碱浓度的关系,腐蚀后支撑体性能的变化,同时分析了腐蚀机理。     

多孔陶瓷膜支撑体的制备研究进展

多孔陶瓷膜支撑体是陶瓷膜制备与应用的基础.本文概述了多孔陶瓷膜支撑体主要的制备工艺及其特点;探讨了制备过程中影响多孔陶瓷膜支撑体结构及性能的因素;综述了多孔陶瓷膜支撑体研究现状,并对多孔陶瓷膜支撑体的发展趋势进行了展望.     

高温烟气净化用多孔堇青石陶瓷支撑体材料的研制

以堇青石为原料，用震动热浇注成型工艺．通过调整骨料粒径等级、造孔剂及结合剂的加入量制备气孔率为48％，孔径为128μm，热稳定性好和机械强度高的高温烟气净化用多孔堇青石陶瓷支撑体材料。对影响材料性能的各种因素进行分析和探讨。     

多孔氧化铝陶瓷膜支撑体的制备与表征

以粒径为0.5μm的超细氧化铝粉为原料,加入成孔剂和粘接剂,经干压成型及高温烧结制备出多孔氧化铝陶瓷膜支撑体。制备过程中,以纯水通量为实验指标进行正交试验,分别研究烧结温度、粘结剂含量、成型压力以及聚乙烯醇(PVA)浓度对膜性能的影响程度,并确定制备氧化铝支撑体的最佳工艺条件。使用扫描电镜(SEM)和聚乙二醇(PEG)截留实验对支撑体的微观结构和性能进行表征。实验结果表明:烧结温度和粘接剂含量对支撑体的纯水通量影响高度显著,成型压力和PVA浓度几乎无影响;加入1.75%(w)的粘接剂,80mg/mlPVA溶液2ml,采用9MPa的成型压力和1535℃的烧结温度制备的氧化铝超滤膜支撑体的纯水通量为60kg/(m2h),截留分子量(MWCO)为8 500。     

多孔陶瓷分离膜支撑体的制备研究

采用氧化铝为主要原料制备出多孔陶瓷分离膜支撑体,对原料粉体做了TG/DSC曲线分析,研究了支撑体的烧结温度对收缩率的影响及烧结温度、保温时间和原料粉体粒径对孔结构、孔径的影响,造孔剂用量对孔隙率的影响。结果表明：在烧结温度为1200℃,保温时间4h,控制造孔剂用量大于20%时,制备出孔径分布均匀,孔隙率大于50%,符合透水要求的多孔陶瓷分离膜支撑体。     

多孔氧化铝支撑体的制备与表征

以α-Al2O3粉末为骨料,采用塑性挤压成型技术和固态粒子烧结法制备Al2O3多孔陶瓷支撑体。研究了粘结剂和成孔剂的种类对支撑体性能的影响。研究结果表明:通过选用合适的粘结剂和成孔剂,可制得孔径分布窄、孔隙率高的支撑体。     

氧化铝多孔支撑体的制备工艺

叙述了用挤出成型法制备无机膜支撑体的工艺,研究了原料粒径、成孔剂用量和烧结温度对所制得多孔氧化铝支撑体性能的影响。研究结果表明,用粒径小于10μm的-αA l2O3粉体,以7%碳粉为成孔剂,烧结温度为1300℃,可以成功制得孔径分布较窄、平均孔径为2.1μm、孔隙率为48.9%的多通道无机膜支撑体。     

低成本多孔碳化硅陶瓷支撑体的制备及耐酸碱性能优化

以工业级碳化硅为主要原料、石墨作为造孔剂,利用低值页岩制备的玻璃熔块为低温烧结助剂,通过干压成型法制备了多孔碳化硅陶瓷支撑体。研究了组成配比、烧结温度对支撑体孔隙率、孔径分布、力学性能及耐酸碱腐蚀性能的影响。结果表明:在1 180℃烧结,当SiC含量为80.0%(质量分数)、玻璃熔块含量为20.0%、外加15.0%的石墨时、可制得孔隙率为36.2%、抗弯强度为67.1 MPa、平均孔径为1.37μm、纯水通量为8 075 L/(m2·h·bar)的支撑体。该支撑体分别在80℃、pH=0和pH=14的酸碱溶液中腐蚀24 h后,剩余抗弯强度分别为47.4和46.7 MPa,表现出较均衡的优异耐酸碱腐蚀性能。     

具有梯度孔结构多孔陶瓷膜支撑体的制备

采用平均粒径为0.56μm的Al2O3为原料,研究了不同固相含量的Al2O3悬浮液的流变性能.在此基础上,采用含10%(质量分数,下同)Al2O3的悬浮液,通过重力沉降和真空抽吸过程,成功制备出具有梯度孔结构的片状Al2O3支撑体.对具有梯度孔结构支撑体的微观结构进行了表征,并研究了支撑体的孔隙率和渗透性能随烧成温度的...     

Electroconductive coatings on porous ceramic supports

The preparation of porous conductive coatings on porous ceramic supports for potential use in electrosynthesis, anodic decomposition of organic compounds and electrosorption units is described. The prepared conductive coatings on porous ceramic supports consisted either of carbon, gold or nickel, or a combination of carbon and gold. Carbon coatings were obtained by pyrolytic decomposition of liquid petroleum gas (LPG), gold was sputter coated and nickel coatings were formed by electroless plating. The permeability for water and electrical resistance of each coated support were measured and compared. Pyrolytic carbon was deposited throughout the support whereas the nickel and gold coatings were formed on the outer surface of the support. The resistance of a carbon coating could be regulated between 0.5 and 2 cm^–1 of support while the permeability of the carbonized support was as high as 75% of the permeability of the unmodified support. The nickel and gold coatings had no significant effect on the permeability and could be prepared with a resistance of 0.25 and 1 cm^–1 of support, respectively.     

金属陶瓷涂层耐蚀性影响因素的研究

研究了溶胶制备中所用催化剂种类、基体金属前处理及涂层厚度对金属陶瓷涂层耐蚀性的影响,不含ＣＩ＾－催化剂的溶胶－凝胶配方所得陶瓷涂层的耐蚀性最了,适当的前处理及适宜的涂层厚度有利于提高陶瓷涂层的耐蚀性。     

Fabrication of ceramic membranes on porous ceramic supports by electrophoretic deposition

Abstract

Nanoporous alumina membrane and continuous zeolite L membrane were fabricated on the inner surface of microporous alumina tubes. In the former case, an electrophoretic deposition (EPD) technique was used for the deposition of bimodal alumina particles for the subsequent low temperature sintering. In the latter case, the EPD was used for the seeding process of zeolite L particles for the subsequent hydrothermal synthesis. A thin layer of polypyrrole was synthesised on the inside wall of the porous tubes by the chemical polymerisation of pyrrole to give the wall electric conduction for the EPD electrode. The thickness of the coating layers was controlled by altering the applied voltage and deposition time. The interfacial connection of the alumina or zeolite coated layer and the substrate was evaluated by SEM observations before and after the thermal treatment. The nanoporous structure of the alumina membrane was also characterised by a pore size analyser.     

金属陶瓷涂层耐蚀性能研究

采用溶胶－凝胶浸渍提拉法在不锈钢、纯铜及铝合金基体上制备具有保护性的ＳｉＯ２、ＺｒＯ２、ＴｉＯ２、Ａｌ２Ｏ３及ＳｉＯ２－ＴｉＯ２陶瓷涂层,利用阳极极化曲线的、循环动电位极曲线、点蚀电位的测量以及三氯化铁和５％硫酸介质中的腐蚀试验研究了所得陶瓷涂层的耐蚀性。结果表明,这些陶瓷涂层能大幅芳提高金属基体在各种腐蚀介的耐蚀性。     

陶瓷膜的三步法清洗及效果分析

采用超滤膜处理油田采出污水,通过陶瓷膜和篮式过滤器上无机垢的组成及陶瓷膜SEM形貌分析,研究了陶瓷膜清洗过程中药剂及离子浓度的变化、跨膜压差的变化等参数,考察了膜运行过程中的跨膜压差和产水量的变化情况.确定了具有针对性的碱洗-络合剂洗-氧化剂洗三步法清洗对污染的ZrO2陶瓷膜进行40℃低温清洗.中试试验结果表明清洗后,...     

多孔氧化铝支撑体制备工艺的研究

本文研究了多孔氧化铝支撑体的制备工艺对其性能的影响,发现原料粉体的粒度、物料的成型方法、坯体的干燥环境及坯体的焙烧制度对支撑体的性能有重要影响。在研究的基础上制定了本实验所采用的各种工艺条件,并由此制备出了性能优越的多孔氧化铝支撑体。     

无机陶瓷膜在废水处理中的应用

综述了无机陶瓷膜的制备方法及其在废水处理中的应用,指出无机陶瓷膜在工业废水治理中有良好的应用前景。     

Recycling of waste fly ash for production of porous mullite ceramic membrane supports with increased porosity

Low-cost porous mullite ceramic membrane supports were fabricated from recycling coal fly ash with addition of natural bauxite. V₂O₅ and AlF₃ were used as additives to cause the growth of mullite crystals with various morphologies via an in situ reaction sintering. Dynamic sintering, microstructure and phase evolution of the membrane supports were characterized in detail and open porosity, pore size, gas permeation and mechanical properties were determined. It showed the membrane support with 3 wt.% V₂O₅ and 4 wt.% AlF₃ addition exhibits an open porosity of ∼50%, mechanical strength of 69.8 ± 7.2 MPa, an interlocking microstructure composed of anisotropically grown mullite whiskers with an aspect ratio of 18.2 ± 3.6 at 1300 °C. Addition of more V₂O₅ lowered the secondary mullitization temperature, resulting in more mullite formation at lower temperatures. The fabricated membrane supports feature high porosity without mechanical strength degradation, possible strengthening mechanism of the mullite whiskers was further discussed.