La2(MoO4)3:Eu均一花瓣状微/纳米结构的构筑及其荧光性能

在表面活性剂十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)的作用下,采用温和的水热方法,成功制备了Eu掺杂的花瓣状La2(MoO4)3∶Eu纳米微结构.这些形貌新颖的微米绒球的直径约3μm,由厚度30nm左右的纳米片次级结构单元自组装构筑而成,分散性良好,形貌规整、大小均一.通过XRD、SEM、TEM测试技术,研究了形貌的形成机理.由于具有良好的结晶度,这些花瓣状La2(MoO4)3∶Eu纳米微结构显示出良好的发光性能.     

Synthesis and characterisation of three-dimensional dendritic ZnO nanorods

Abstract

Intriguing ZnO three-dimensional (3D) dendritic nanorods on silicon substrates have been successfully synthesised by thermal evaporation of pure zinc powder at a relative low temperature of 478°C without any metal catalyst. ZnO dendritic nanostructure exhibits unique shape and it is composed of stems and nanorod branches. It is found that the nanorods are single crystalline wurtzite structures, and each nanorod grows along the [0001] direction. At different growth temperatures, the shapes of ZnO nanostructures can be altered. System analysis reveals that the formation and morphology of ZnO dendritic nanostructures are sensitive to the growth temperature. Finally, room temperature photoluminescence spectrum is also investigated, revealing that the ZnO dendritic nanostructure could find application in UV optoelectronic devices; the nanostructure implies some potential applications for nanoscale functional devices.     

Preparation of Cu2S dendritic, double-comb-like nanostructures by gas-solid reaction method

Synthesis of Cu2S dendritic nanostructures by a gas-solid reaction method has been achieved. The Cu2S dendritic nanostructure consists of a backbone and small branches aligning symmetrically and densely on the backbone like a double comb. Transmission electron microscopy has revealed that the backbone is along the c axis of monoclinic Cu2S and branches are along the b axis. Preoxidation of copper substrate is found to be important for high yield synthesis of the dendritic nanostructures. An oxide-assisted growth model is proposed to explain the formation of the dendritic nanostructures. Good field emission characteristics are also obtained from films of the dendritic Cu2S nanostructures.     

树枝状与球状PbS纳米结构的组装合成及其形成机理研究

以醋酸铅为铅源,硫代乙酰胺为硫源,在表面活性剂SDS单独作用和表面活性剂SDS和CTAB共同作用下可选择性地组装合成出颗粒以相同晶面粘连组装成的单晶树枝状PbS纳米结构和颗粒以不相同晶面粘连组装成的多晶球状PbS纳米结构,而且提高反应物浓度能起到调节树枝状和球状PbS纳米结构尺寸的作用.对树枝状和球状PbS纳米结构的形成机理进行了初探,发现SDS单独作用时其烷基链起到的软模板作用有利于PbS小颗粒组装成树枝状的PbS纳米结构.当反应溶液中再加入适量的CTAB时,它在溶液中形成微胶束起到了软模板作用,迫使颗粒粘连组装成球状PbS纳米结构,有效地限制树枝状结构的生长.     

近紫外白光LED用红色荧光粉In2（MoO4）3:Eu3+,Bi3+的合成及发光性能

通过固相反应法在1000℃空气气氛中合成了In2(MoO4)3:Eu3+、Bi 3+红色荧光粉。粉体分别用X射线衍射(XRD)、荧光分度计测试。结果表明制备的荧光粉具有单相立方晶体结构,该荧光粉能够被近紫外光(395nm)有效激发,发射高强度的612nm红光。Eu3+浓度为40%(摩尔分数)时,In2(MoO4)3:Eu3+发光强度较高。In2(MoO4)3:0.4Eu3+、Bi 3+荧光粉,Bi 3+浓度为3%(摩尔分数)时,发光强度最大,高于没有掺Bi 3+的In2(MoO4)3:0.4Eu3+荧光粉。和CaMoO4:Eu3+相比,In2(MoO4)3:0.4Eu3+、0.03Bi 3+有较高的发光强度。因此,In2(MoO4)3:0.4Eu3+、0.03Bi 3+是一种可能应用于近紫外白光LED的新型红色荧光粉。     

Preparation of MoO3/MoS2/TiO2 composites for catalytic degradation of methylene blue

Metastable hexagonal MoO3 microrods were grown from bulk MoS2 and used as support materials for MoS2 and TiO2 nanoparticles. The hybrid composites that consisted of MoO3, MoS2, and TiO2 were prepared at a low temperature using the one-step synthesis method. The crystallinity and morphology of the MoO3/MoS2/TiO2 composites that were prepared using HNO3 and titanium tetraisopropoxide were compared with those of the MoO3/MoS2 composites that were prepared without titanium tetraisopropoxide. Titanium isopropoxide facilitated the formation of the MoO3 microrods from the oxidation of the bulk MoS2. The desired MoO3/MoS2/TiO2 composites were obtained using 0.5 g of bulk MoS2, 3-4 ml of HNO3, and 0.367 ml of titanium tetraisopropoxide. The MoO3/MoS2/TiO2 composites that were treated with ultrasonic waves showed rapid degradation of the methylene blue solution (2 x 10(-4) M) in the dark and good photocatalytic ability under ultraviolet light irradiation. The decomposition of methylene blue depended on the composition of the composite.     

Growth of Dendritic Copper Nanocrystals in Alkaline Solution

Cu dendritic nanostructure crystals have been synthesized from CuCl₂?2H₂O in an alkaline aqueous solution at temperature of 200?°C. The morphology and size can be tunable by changing the reaction temperature and time. It can be seen from the SEM images that the secondary branches are parallel and 60° angle deflection from the trunk with the length of secondary branches up to 10 μm, quite different from the Cu dendrites reported before. The XRD pattern of the Cu dendritic structure indicates a pure face-centered cubic phase with symmetrical group of \(Fm\bar{3}m(225)\) and lattice constant a=3.615 Å. The formation mechanism of the Cu dendritic nanostructures has been discussed in details.     

Novel Ag-Cu substrates for surface-enhanced Raman scattering

Ag dendrites were deposited on rough Cu plate by a simple galvanic displacement process between Ag ion and Cu under room temperature. Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) performances have been studied using Rhodamine 6G (R6G) probe molecules on this kind of Ag-Cu substrates. The high SERS enhancements are attributed to the highly branched Ag dendritic nanostructures and Ag nanoparticles formed on the trunks, branches, and even leaves.     

Growth of novel multi-trunk CdS dendrites by hydrothermal method without surfactant

In the current paper, novel multi-trunk CdS dendrites were synthesized via a simple hydrothermal system, employing CdCl₂·2H₂O and KSCN as the starting materials. No extra surfactants were used. The observations from TEM and SEM showed that the product composed of a few long central trunks with secondary branches, which preferentially grew in a parallel direction with a definite angle to the trunks. Selected area electron diffraction (SAED) patterns confirmed that the dendrite was single crystalline in nature. X-ray diffraction analyses proved that the CdS dendrites were pure hexagonal structure. On the basis of the experimental results, a possible growth process has been discussed.     

铝合金铆钉化学着色工艺及着色膜的耐蚀性能

为了获得色泽纯正、耐蚀性优良的铝合金着色膜,以(NH<,4>)<,2>MoO<,4>,NH<,4>Cl为主体,以着色膜耐蚀性为目标,通过对不同水平的可控因素的正交试验极差分析,研制了一种铝合金小零件化学着色配方,获得了最佳工艺参数:15 g/L(NH<,4>)<,2>MoO<,4>,30 g/L NH<,4>Cl;着色...     

Preparation and luminescence properties of La6MoO12:Eu3+/PVA nanofibers by Pechini/electrospinning process

The 20% concentration Eu3+-based red-emitting phosphor, nano-sized La6MoO12:Eu3+ was prepared by the Pechini method. X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis (TG-DTA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), photoluminescence (PL), and decay curves were used to characterize the resulting samples. The phosphor can be efficiently excited by near UV light and exhibits an intense red luminescence corresponding to the electric dipole transition 5D0 --> 7F2 at 615 nm. When the phosphor was mixed into poly(vinyl alcohol) aqueous solution, the fluorescent nanofibers could be prepared by electrospinning process. It was suggested that the La6MoO12:Eu3+ phosphor would be a promising red component for solid-state lighting devices based on InGaN or GaN light-emitting diodes.     

Nanocomposite Films of MoO3 Xerogel with Poly (ethylene oxide) (PEO) Intercalation

(PEO)(x)MoO3.nH(2)O(x=0 similar to2) nanocomposite films were prepared by ion exchange method and polymer solution direct intercalation in sol-gel route. The synthesis and structure of the films were investigated by XRD, DSC, FTIR, etc. The results show that MoO3 xerogel has a layered structure, which arranges in b-direction. The interlayer distance Of MoO3 xerogel increases from 0.690 nm at x=0 to 1.308 nm at x=2 after heat treatment. PEO can be completely intercalated into the interlayer at x=0.5 similar to1 and has strong interaction with MoO3 host.     

金红石TiO2基质中[MoO4]2-基团的上转换发光

在978nm激光二极管的激发下,Mo掺杂的TiO₂材料表现出很强的宽带上转换发光,该发光来源于[MoO₄]^2-基团的激发态³T₁,³T₂能级到基态¹A₁能级的电子跃迁,X射线衍射表明样品为金红石单一相,红外吸收光谱证实了[MoO₄]^2-的存在,由光电子能谱推测体系中还含有低价态的Mo离子,它们提供了上转换得以进行的中间态,高温下的氧化还原处理会改变低价Mo的数量,从而严重影响样品的发光行为。     

溶胶-凝胶燃烧法制备La_2O_3和La(OH)_3纳米晶的研究

采用燃烧法合成纳米La(OH)3材料,分别以硝酸镧和柠檬酸为镧源和络合剂,以氨水调节pH值为2～4、柠檬酸与硝酸镧的物质的量比为1～1.2∶1之间,加热凝胶至自蔓延燃烧后并在700～750℃煅烧1～2 h,得到膨松粉末状产物,即La2O3纳米晶。利用X射线衍射和透射电镜等测试方法对凝胶热分解过程及最终形成的La2O3纳米晶颗粒进行分析和表征。结果表明:用该方法得到的纳米La2O3产物的平均粒径在30～100 nm之间可控;纳米La2O3在空气中是不稳定的,在自然吸潮情况下和空气中的H2O发生反应生成La(OH)3,控制湿度即可得到纯La(OH)3纳米晶。     

A novel lanthanum hydroxide nanostructure prepared by cathodic electrodeposition

A novel and interesting nanostructure of La(OH)₃ was prepared by electrochemical method under mild conditions without any hard templates and surfactants. In this method, La(OH)₃ was galvanostatically deposited from low-temperature nitrate bath on the steel substrate by electrogeneration of base. X-ray results showed that the obtained deposit has single crystalline hexagonal phase of La(OH)₃. Morphological characterization revealed that the product has compact morphology with capsule-like structures having approximately an average diameter of 15 nm and the length of up to 50 nm. The results showed that low-temperature cathodic electrodeposition can be recognized as an easy and facile method for the synthesis of La(OH)₃ nanocapsules.     

钼酸钠在常温磷化中的作用

通过硫酸铜点滴试验、膜重分析、扫描电镜(SEM)观察和极化曲线测试等方法研究了钼酸钠对常温磷化中所得磷化膜性能的影响,同时对钼酸钠在磷化液中的作用机理做了初步探讨.结果表明,钼酸钠在该磷化液中的最佳含量为3 g/L;此时磷化膜微观结晶为颗粒状,且晶粒均匀连续;添加钼酸钠后所得磷化膜的自腐蚀电位变大,交换电流密度变小,耐腐蚀性明显增强.     

Effect of MoO3 on the synthesis of boron nitride nanotubes over Fe and Ni catalysts

Synthesis of boron nitride nanotubes at reduced temperature is important for industrial manufactures. In this study boron nitride nanotubes were synthesized by thermal evaporation method using B/Fe2O3/MoO3 and B/Ni2O3/MoO3 mixtures separately with ammonia as the nitrogen source. The growth of boron nitride nanotubes occurred at 1100 degrees C, which was relatively lower than other metal oxides assisted growth processes requiring higher than 1200 degrees C. MoO3 promoted formation of B2O2 and aided boron nitride nanotubes growth at a reduced temperature. The boron nitride nanotubes with bamboo shaped, nested cone structured and straight tubes like forms were evident from the high resolution transmission electron microscopy. Metallic Fe and Ni, formed during the process, were the catalysts for the growth of boron nitride nanotubes. Their formation was established by X-ray diffraction. FT Raman showed a peak due to B-N vibration of BNNTs close to 1370 cm(-1). Hence MoO3 assisted growth of boron nitride nanotubes is advantageous, as it significantly reduced the synthesis temperature.     

Solution-processed MoO₃ thin films as a hole-injection layer for organic solar cells

We report on a sol-gel-based technique to fabricate MoO(3) thin films as a hole-injection layer for solution-processed or thermally evaporated organic solar cells. The solution-processed MoO(3) (sMoO(3)) films are demonstrated to have equal performance to hole-injection layers composed of either PEDOT:PSS or thermally evaporated MoO(3) (eMoO(3)), and the annealing temperature at which the sol-gel layer begins to work is consistent with the thermodynamic analysis of the process. Finally, the shelf lifetime of devices made with the sMoO(3) is similar to equivalent devices prepared with a eMoO(3) hole-injection layer.     

The 3-dimensional morphology of dendrite during equiaxed solidification of an Al-5 wt.% Cu alloy

In a sample quenched during equiaxed solidification of an Al-5 wt.% Cu alloy, the multi-scales 3-dimensional morphology of equiaxed dendrite was observed. The slim primary stem and secondary branches constitute the frame of dendrite, and rows of dense tertiary branches further divide the 3-dimensional space. In the divided space, the quartic branches grow further. The dendritic branches,which are perpendicular to each other, can change their growth directions and coalesce into a whole. In the tertiary branches and quartic branches, the formation of double branch structures is induced by competitive growth. The branch that wins in the competitive growth will produce a cabbage-like structure by wrapping the failed branches. In addition, the side branch can also wrap the original parent branch to produce cabbage-like structures. Depending on the historical growth direction, the dendritic arms can form vein-like and spicate structures, and the shapes of single dendritic arm may be the cylinder, plate and trapezoid platform. According to the compositions and etching morphology, the single dendritic arm in the final solidification structures should coalesce from a fine porous structure. The porous structures at different length-scales are principally induced by the preferential growth. Based on 3-dimensional morphology of equiaxed dendrite, a new research object for the investigation of microsegregation was suggested.     

Large-scale synthesis of a novel tri(8-hydroxyquioline) aluminum nanostructure

A novel tri(8-hydroxyquioline) aluminum (AlQ3) nanostructure was prepared on large scale at low cost by low-temperature physical vapor deposition (PVD). The morphologies, the chemical bondings, and photoluminescence of the AlQ3 nanostructure were investigated by environmental scanning electronic microscopy (ESEM), Fourier transform infrared spectrum (FT-IR), and photoluminescence (PL) spectra, respectively. The AlQ3 nanostructure was composed of micro-sphere with nanowire-cluster growing on the surface. The diameter of micro-sphere and nanowire were about 5 microm and 80 nm, respectively. FT-IR results indicated that the AlQ3 molecule had a strong thermal stability under research conditions. The growth mechanism of the novel nanostructure was discussed. The novel organic nanostructure would be believed to attractive building field-emission devices and other optical devices.