平纹编织碳纤维增强碳化硅复合材料低速冲击特性及冲击后的压缩强度

采用落锤冲击试验系统对平纹编织碳纤维增强碳化硅复合材料平板试样进行低速冲击,冲击能量为1.5～9J。冲击试验后,采用超声C扫描得到冲击损伤的大小。对含冲击损伤的试样进行压缩试验,通过与未冲击试样的压缩强度比较,得到冲击试样的剩余压缩强度。并对比了编织陶瓷基复合材料和树脂基复合材料的损伤阻抗和损伤容限。结果显示:随着冲击能量的增加,冲击力峰值、复合材料损伤面积和凹坑深度明显增加,到达峰值冲击力的时间减小。冲击能量的增加会导致冲击损伤面积的增加,而损伤面积的增加会导致剩余压缩强度的明显降低。相对于编织纤维增强树脂基复合材料,编织纤维增强陶瓷基复合材料的损伤阻抗较低,但损伤容限较高。     

树脂基纤维增强复合材料高应变率下力学性能的研究进展

综述了国内外在树脂基纤维增强复合材料的动态力学性能测试的实验技术、高应变率下力学性能和动态本构模型方面所开展工作的研究进展,指出了研究中应注意的问题。     

玄武岩纤维/酚醛树脂基复合材料性能研究

对玄武岩纤维增强酚醛树脂基复合材料进行了实验研究。制备了连续玄武岩纤维平纹织物增强酚醛树脂复合材料。研究了胶含量对玄武岩纤维/酚醛树脂复合材料拉伸、压缩和层间剪切强度等力学性能、耐烧蚀性能的影响。利用SEM对复合材料压缩、层间剪切破坏断口和烧蚀试样的微观形貌进行了分析。研究结果表明,玄武岩纤维/酚醛树脂复合材料具有较好的界面性能,树脂含量在36%时CBF/酚醛树脂复合材料的力学性能最佳,线烧蚀性率和质量烧蚀率最低。     

PVA纤维对超高韧性纤维水泥基改性复合材料力学性能试验

超高韧性纤维水泥基复合材料通过加入PVA纤维增强性能,通过实验方法,具体分析PVA纤维对超高韧性纤维水泥基复合材料力学性能的影响。主要分析PVA纤维类型和掺量对水泥基复合材料拉伸强度、抗压强度和弯曲强度的影响。结果表明,添加相对较多的PVA纤维时能够增强材料的阻裂增韧效果,进口的PVA纤维具有更高的拉伸强度;相比于抗拉强度,PVA纤维的类型和添加量对超高韧性纤维水泥基复合材料的抗压强度影响比较小;PVA纤维的弹性模量越大时,加入PVA纤维之后的复合材料具有更强的抗弯能力,另外PVA纤维掺量并不是越多,材料的抗弯性能越好。     

冲击载荷下2-2型水泥基压电复合材料力电响应特性

研究2-2型水泥基压电复合材料在冲击载荷下的力电响应特征,利用分离式Hopkinson压杆装置进行冲击加载,借助超高速摄影技术观察试样在冲击载荷下的破坏形貌。结果表明:冲击载荷下,压电复合材料具有明显的应变率效应,是应变率敏感材料;压电复合材料的力电响应存在一个临界值,当应力小于该临界值时,试样的电信号与施加载荷之间具有良好的线性关系;动态增强因子可以有效描述压电复合材料压缩强度的率效应规律,在线性范围内,随着应变率的增大,试样的动态增强因子也增大,且具有稳定的增长率;由Maxwell模型得到的压电复合材料应力松弛时间随应变率增大单调递减;冲击载荷下,2-2型水泥基压电复合材料与压电陶瓷的电学失效发生在力学失效之前,且均呈现“爆炸式”破碎,压电陶瓷还伴随着明显的电弧放电现象。     

平纹机织玄武岩纤维/环氧树脂复合材料冲击拉伸行为

以常规机织工艺生产织物增强体,以真空辅助树脂转移模塑法(VARTM)制备成型复合材料,研究单层平纹玄武岩长丝增强环氧树脂复合材料在准静态和高应变率加载下的拉伸性能。准静态和高应变率拉伸试验分别在MTS-810.23试验仪和分离式霍普金森拉杆(SHTB)测试系统上完成。试验结果表明该材料的力学性能具有应变率依赖性:随着应变速率的增加,拉伸模量和拉伸强度单调增加,失效应变单调减小,弹性能先增加后减小。材料的失效破坏特征也呈现明显的应变率效应:准静态拉伸时,材料断口整齐,树脂的破碎少,几乎没有纤维的抽拔和经纬向纤维束间的滑移;高应变率拉伸时,材料断口参差错乱,树脂完全破碎,纤维束抽拔严重、相互崩裂和滑移,织物增强体结构的整体性破坏严重。     

纤维增强复合材料抗侵彻研究综述

树脂基纤维增强复合材料以其比强度、比模量高和抗冲击性能好等优点,广泛应用于装甲防护领域.树脂基纤维增强复合材料具有很强的各向异性、应变率敏感性,不同的制作工艺、不同的树脂含量等都会带来弹道性能的巨大差异.本文简要总结了近年来纤维及其增强复合材料的动力学性能、不同结构的纤维增强复合材料的弹道性能等方面的研究情况.     

偏轴向角度对复合材料力学性能的影响

采用真空辅助树脂传递模塑工艺(VARTM)制备了纤维增强复合材料标准试样,表征了纤维增强复合材料在不同偏轴向角度下的拉伸性能和弯曲性能,考察了载荷方向和偏轴向角度对纤维增强复合材料的冲击韧性、压缩性能的影响,分析总结了纤维增强复合材料的性能与偏轴向角度之间的关系,为纤维增强复合材料在工程上的应用提供了技术支撑。     

循环拉伸下形状记忆合金纤维增强ECC的闭缝性能研究

将不同掺量和不同直径的形状记忆合金(SMA)纤维埋入工程水泥基复合材料(ECC)制得形状记忆合金纤维增强工程水泥基复合材料(SMAF-ECC),通过单轴循环拉伸试验研究SMA纤维直径和纤维掺量对SMAF-ECC试件拉伸应力-应变关系、残余应变、裂缝宽度和裂缝恢复率的影响。结果表明：打结形SMA纤维的加入提高了ECC的极限应变和极限抗拉强度；提高纤维掺量可有效提高SMAF-ECC试件的应变和裂缝恢复率，试验所得试件的最大应变恢复率和裂缝恢复率分别达到69%和77%;纤维直径在一定范围内增长，可以提高应变和裂缝恢复率，纤维直径过小会导致恢复率减小。研究成果为新型SMAF-ECC试件的推广应用提供了理论依据。     

碳玻混杂纤维增强复合材料的拉-拉疲劳性能的研究

纤维混杂是一种实现纤维增强树脂基复合材料性能与价格平衡的有效策略,碳/玻混杂织物(GCHF)是典型的纤维混杂实例。复合材料的疲劳性能是工程化应用的必要考核指标。本文以风力发电叶片梁帽用复合材料为研究对象,制备了4种不同混杂比例的单向GCHF增强环氧树脂基复合材料,基于对其静态拉伸性能的研究,扩展到动态拉-拉疲劳(R=0.1)性能,并与纯玻纤和纯碳纤增强环氧树脂基复合材料作对比。实验数据表明,高周疲劳下,GCHF增强环氧树脂基复合材料的疲劳性能符合线性混合定律,但是低周疲劳下误差相对较大。为叶片设计选材提供了一种简便快速估算GCHF增强环氧树脂基复合材料疲劳性能的方法。     

High-performance composite from epoxy and glass fibers: Morphology,mechanical, dynamic mechanical,and thermal analysis

Diglycidyl ether of bisphenol-A type epoxy resin cured with diamino diphenyl sulfone was used as the matrix for fiber-reinforced composites to get improved mechanical and thermal properties for the resulting composites. E-glass fiber was used for fiber reinforcement. The morphology, tensile, flexural, impact, dynamic mechanical, and thermal properties of the composites were analyzed. The tensile, flexural, and impact properties showed dramatic improvement with the addition of glass fibers. Dynamic mechanical analysis was performed to obtain the T_g of the cured matrix as well as the composites. The improved thermal stability of the composites was clear from the thermogravimetric analysis. Scanning electron micrographs were taken to understand the interfacial adhesion between the fiber and the matrix. The values of mechanical properties were compared with modified epoxy resin composite system. Predictive models were applied using various equations to compare the mechanical data obtained theoretically and experimentally. POLYM. COMPOS., 2009. © 2008 Society of Plastics Engineers     

Pultruded fiber-reinforced poly(methyl methacrylate) composites. I. Effect of processing parameters on mechanical properties

A feasibility study of pultrusion of fiber-reinforced thermoplastic PMMA composite has been conducted using a proprietary method. Effect of processing parameters, preparation of methyl methacrylate (MMA) prepolymer on the mechanical properties (tensile, flexural strength and modulus, impact strength, etc.) of fiber-reinforced PMMA composites by pultrusion has been studied. Processing parameters investigated included pulling rate, die temperature, postcure time and temperature, and filler content. From the study of Brookfield viscometer and FTIR spectrum the processing conditions can be defined. It was found from SEM photographs that the wetting out of fibers by PMMA resin was complete, and the fiber bundles were distributed evenly in the PMMA matrix. From the study of ¹H-NMR, GPC, and Brookfield viscometer, the conversion, molecular weight, and viscosity of MMA prepolymer data were obtained. From the DSC diagram, molecular weight measurement, and the rule of polymerization rate, the optimum die temperature was determined. It was found that the mechanical properties increase with increasing filler content and postcure temperature, and with decreasing die temperature and pulling rate.     

Physical,Chemical and Mechanical Properties of Hibiscus sabdariffa Fiber/Polymer Composite

Tensile, compressive, flexural and wear resistance properties of Hibiscus sabdariffa fiber-reinforced phenolic (Resorcinol Formaldehyde) resin matrix-based composites were evaluated to assess the possibility of using these fibers as a new eco-friendly material in engineering applications. Polymer composite samples were fabricated by a compression-molding technique developed in our laboratory. The effect of fiber dimension on mechanical properties was evaluated. The interfacial bonding between Hibiscus sabdariffa fiber and the polymer matrix has been found to affect the mechanical properties of the resorcinol formaldehyde resin matrix. It has been observed that particle-reinforced polymer composites exhibit better mechanical properties as compared to short and long fiber-reinforced polymeric composites. These composites were further subjected to an evaluation of morphological, thermal, physical (swelling and moisture absorption) and chemical properties.     

The moisture and temperature effect on mechanical performance of flax/starch composites in quasi‐static tension

The effect of temperature and moisture on mechanical behavior of flax fiber/starch based composites was investigated experimentally. Elastic modulus, the nonlinear tensile loading curves, and failure strain were analyzed. Neat matrix and composites with 20 and 40% weight content of fibers were tested. It was found, performing tests with different amplitudes, that microdamage development with stress is rather limited and the related elastic modulus reduction in this type of composites is not significant. It was shown that the composite elastic modulus and failure stress are linearly related to the maximum tensile stress in resin. The sensitivity of the maximum stress of the resin with respect to temperature and moisture is the source of composites sensitivity to these parameters. Constant interface stress shear lag model for stress transfer assuming matrix yielding at the fiber/matrix interface has been successfully used to explain the tensile test data. It indicates that the sensitivity of the used composite with respect to the matrix properties change could be significantly reduced by increasing the average fiber length from 0.9 mm to 1.5 mm. POLYM. COMPOS., 2011. © 2011 Society of Plastics Engineers     

In situ composite fibers: Blends of liquid crystalline polymer and poly (ethylene terephthalate)

To augment the concept of in situ composites as alternatives to fiber-reinforced composites, polyblends of a thermotropic liquid crystalline polymer (LCP) and poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) were prepared. Fiber-spinning of the blends was performed on a piston-driven plastorneter. Blends of LCP and a low-intrinsic-viscosity PET resin showed poor mechanical performance, which was attributed to their processing behavior. Blends of LCP and a high intrinsicviscosity PET manifested an almost additive behavior with regard to tensile modulus and strength. Elongation of the blends, however, displayed a radical decline, which is reminiscent of fiber-reinforced composites. Heat treatment of the blend fibers modestly increased the tensile properties of the LCP-rich compositions. Blend fibers from PET-rich compositions exhibit a moderate decline in tensile properties owing to thermal relaxation of PET. The data demonstrate that in situ composites or blends of thermotropic LCPs and isotropic polymers present challenging alternatives to fiber-reinforced composite systems because of their ease of processing.     

Mechanical properties,morphology, and flame retardance of glass fiber-reinforced polyamide-toughened novolac-type phenolic resin

The mechanical properties (tensile, flexural modulus, and impact strength) and the flame retardance of glass fiber-reinforced novolac-type phenolic resin modified with polyamide (PA-6, PA-66) were investigated. Results show that polyamide improves the mechanical properties of composites, especially for the impact strength up to 1.5-fold which shows a maximum value at 7 wt % of polyamide content. The interface between the matrix and glass fiber is increased due to the hydrogen-bonding function present in the polyamide chain. This modified phenolic composite shows excellent flame retardance, that is, UL-94, V-0, and LOI is higher than 55. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 73: 881–887, 1999     

Surfactant-Assisted Dispersion of MWCNTs in Epoxy Resin Used in CFRP Strengthening Systems

The epoxy resin used as the bonding agent in carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) strengthening systems was modified by the infusion of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). Two types of surfactants, Triton X-100 and C₁₂E₈, were used to disperse the nanotubes in the epoxy resin employing ultrasonic mixing. Dynamic mechanical analysis and tensile tests were conducted to study the effect of the surfactant-assisted dispersion of nanotubes on the thermal and mechanical properties of epoxy composites. The morphology of the epoxy composites was interpreted using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Moreover, the effect of surfactant treatment on the structure of nanotubes was investigated by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR). Based on the experimental results, the tensile strength and the storage modulus of the epoxy resin were increased by 32% and 26%, respectively, by the addition of MWCNTs. This was attributed to the homogeneous dispersion of nanotubes in the epoxy resin according to the SEM images. Another reason for the enhancement in the tensile properties was the reinforced nanotube/epoxy interaction as a result of the surfactant anchoring effect which was proved by FT-IR. A moderate improvement in the glass transition temperature (T _g) was recorded for the composite fabricated using Triton X-100, which was due to the restricted molecular motions in the epoxy matrix. To characterize the temperature-dependent tensile behavior of the modified epoxy composites, tensile tests were conducted at elevated temperatures. It was revealed that the MWCNT modification using surfactant substantially improves the tensile performance of the epoxy adhesive at temperatures above the T _g of the neat epoxy.     

两种不同基体木塑复合材料的制备及性能研究

以稻糠代替木粉,分别制备了高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)基体和聚甲醛(POM)基体木塑复合材料。结果表明稻糠含量小于50%时,这两种木塑复合材料均具有良好的加工流动性;稻糠含量从0增加到50%,拉伸强度和冲击强度下降,热变形温度提高;稻糠含量40%时,木塑复合材料韧性相对于单纯树脂下降最小;稻糠含量在40%时,耐热性能改善效果最为明显。综合各因素对木塑复合材料性能的影响,稻糠填充量选在40%较合适。POM基体木塑复合材料在拉伸性能、弯曲性能和耐热性能方面优于HDPE基体木塑复合材料,但在无缺口冲击性能方面HDPE基体木塑复合材料优于POM基体木塑复合材料。     

洛神花纤维增强通用树脂复合物的力学性能及其化学镀镍金属化

洛神花纤维采用5％的氢氧化钠溶液处理后用于制备纤维增强型通用树脂复合物.对含不同纤维体积分数的复合物的拉伸行为进行研究后发现,其力学性能与传统复合物类似.复合物的抗拉强度随着纤维含量的增大而提高.采用化学镀镍工艺对复合物进行金属化后,其显微硬度是原来的7倍.