浸渍活性炭脱除H2S的反应动力学

提出了浸渍活性炭脱除Ｈ２Ｓ的反应过程机理模型，认为脱硫过程主要是Ｈ２Ｓ在活性炭的吸附水膜内离解后被活化的Ｏ２分子以及活性氧原子氧化生成单质硫逐渐沉积在活性炭表面，同时应用最小二乘法回归实验数据得到了脱硫动力学方程ｄＷｓ／ｄｔ＝ｋ１ｋ２／ａｐｏ２／ｐＨ２Ｓ／１＋ｋ２ｐｏ２×（１－αＷｓ）＾２其中动力学参数ｋ１＝３．７５３×１０＾５ｅｘｐ「－３００６．５／Ｔｒ」ｋ２／０．２６３ｅｘｐ「１９４５．６／Ｔ     

苯妥英钠化学传感器的研制

研制了苯妥英钠ＰＶＣ膜化学传感器，该传感器选择性好，稳定性好，其线性范围为１．０×１０＾－１－１．０×１０＾－５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ，检测下限为１．８×１０＾－６ｍｏｌ／Ｌ，为５９．１ｍｖ／ｐｃ（２９８Ｋ，ＰＨ＝４．０－１１．５）。     

乙酸异戊酯杂多酸催化合成及其动力学研究

研究了以钨硅酸为催化剂,苯为带水剂乙酸和异戊醇直接酯化合成乙酸异戊酯的优化反应条件,该杂多酸催化反应的速率方程为－ｄＣＡ／ｄｔ＝ｋＡｃＡｃＢ,反应表现活化能Ｅａ＝１４２．５７ｋＪ／ｍｏｌ,反应速率常数ｋＡ（Ｌ·ｍｏｌ＾－１·ｍｉｎ＾－１）＝７．７５×１０＾１７ｅｘｐ（－１７１４８．２／Ｔ）。     

1,3—二氯丙烯水解反应动力学

本文研究了顺及反－１,３－氯丙烯混合物水解反应过程的动力学。结果表明,利用１０％ａＯＨ水溶液,在６５￣８０℃的条件下,顺及反－１,３－二氯丙烯的水解反应均为二级反应,顺、反异构体的表观活化能分别为８７．５１ＫＪ·ｍｏｌ＾－１和１１３．６０ＫＪ·ｍｏｌ＾－１,反应速率常数Ｋ顺＝２．６２×１０＾１０ｅｘｐ（－１０５２５．６／Ｔ）,ｋ反＝１．０９×１０＾１４ｅｘｐ（－１３６６３．１／Ｔ）。     

AF—5分子筛催化剂上苯气相乙基化反应失活动力学研究…

根据前文的实验结果，提出了苯和乙烯在ＡＦ－５分子筛催化剂上进行烷基化反应的失活动力学模型，乙烯引起的失活，芳烃引起的失活可按独立失活处理。通过理论分析和数据拟合确定了动力学参数和失活参数，得到了如下失活动力学模型。动力学方程（－ｒｅ）＝ｄｃｅ／ｄτ＝－５６．３７ｅｘｐ（－２４．２／ＲＴ）┿ｅ＾１＾．＾１ψ（ｍｏｌ／ｋｇｃａｔ·ｓ）活性程（－ｒψ）＝ｄψ／ｄｔ＝－［２．０２×１０＾－＾４ｅｘｐ（－１     

喷流床中喷动气入口出料规律的研究

在φ３００ｍｍ的喷流床中,用砂作流化颗粒,以空气作为流化和喷动气、考察了流化气速、喷动气速、静床高、大颗粒深度及锥形气体分布器开孔率等对大颗业在喷动气入口管出料的影响,从而提出大颗粒下料速率的经验关联式为ｖｐ＝１．９５３×１０＾－９ｃｂ（Ｕｓ／ｕｔ）＾－１４．３５ｅｘｐ（－１．３２Ｕｔ／Ｕｍｆ）维持喷动流化床不出料的最小喷动气速计算式为Ｕｓｍｉｎ／ｕｔ＝０．２３１Ｕｔ／Ｕｍｆ＋０．７７１。     

异苯橡胶环化反应动力学研究圾产物微细结构表征

本采用红外光谱法研究了前无报导的聚异苯橡胶环化反应动力学，测定了标题反应的动力学参数：反应级数ｎ＝１；活化能Ｅａ＝５３．２ｋｊ·ｍｏｌ＾－１；指前因子Ａ＝２．２４×１０＾６ｍｉｎ＾－１，确立了该反应速率常数ｋｔ与ｓ反应温度Ｔ之间的函数关系为：Ｌｎ（ｋＴ／ｍｉｎ＾－１）＝１４．６２－６．４０×１０＾３Ｋ／Ｔ并采用核磁共振法分析了标题反应的产物环化异苯橡胶的微细结构，提出了标题反应的可能机理，并对活     

分光光度法测定盐酸环丙沙星

研究了０．１ｍｏｌ·Ｌ＾－１的硫酸介质中，盐酸环丙沙星与三氯化铁的显色反应。盐酸环丙沙星浓度在３．３×１０＾－５￣７．３×１０＾－４ｍｏｌ·Ｌ＾－１（０．０１２￣０．２７ｍｇ·Ｌ＾－１）范围内符合比尔定律，ε＝１．８５×１０＾３Ｌ·（ｍｏｌ·ｃｍ）＾－１。测得络合物组成比为１：１。本方法简便准确，可用于片剂和胶囊中盐酸环丙沙星的测定。     

用离子交换树脂催化水解醋酸甲酯的反应动力学研究

研究了在常压下、温度为３０８～３２８Ｋ的范围内，用阳离子交换树脂作催化剂的醋酸甲酯催化水解宏观反应动力学。建立了实验条件下的动力学模型。研究了反应温度、催化剂浓度、水酯比、催化剂装填方式及进料中含甲醇等因素对催化水解的影响。实验数据采用拟均相二级反应动力学模型进行回归，得出醋酸甲酯催化水解的正逆反应活化能为３５．５和２９．５ｋＪ／ｍｏｌ。与催化剂浓度关联的最终速率表达式为：ｋ＋＝（５．３９２７９×１０－１０Ｃ－２．０７２０５９×１０－８）ｅｘｐ（－４．２７０／Ｔ）ｋ－＝（５．９１０６６×１０－１０Ｃ－１．５１５４３×１０－８）ｅｘｐ（－３．４２８／Ｔ）     

缔合法磷酸二铵氨化反应特征的研究

研究了氨和磷酸缔合物生成磷酸一铵的化学反应特征。其反应式为：（Ｒ３ＮＨ）Ｈ２ＰＯ４＋ＮＨ３→Ｒ３Ｎ＋（ＮＨ４）Ｈ２ＰＯ４获得了两个温度范围的反应速率方程：２０～５０℃：－γＡ＝８．６７８×１０３·ｅｘｐ（－１．９５６４×１０３·１／Ｔ·Ｃ０．３Ａ５０～８０℃：－γＡ＝０．４２０３×１０２·ｅｘｐ（－０．９７８０×１０３·１／Ｔ·Ｃ０．３Ａ方程计算与实测在相同与不同温度时的平均误差分别为－４．２９％和－０．３２％。研究结论：反应级数ｎ＝０．３;反应为受液膜控制的快速反应;生成磷酸二铵的反应有一慢速区,反应分为两段进行较为经济。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。