煤制油碱性水储罐内表面无溶剂改性环氧防腐蚀涂料涂层的制备及其性能

煤直接液化制油工艺碱性含硫污水储罐内壁的腐蚀特征复杂,内防腐蚀涂层脱落问题是储罐设备安全的隐患,同时也是制约装置长周期运行的瓶颈。以纳米二氧化硅改性环氧树脂、有机硅环氧杂化树脂与双酚A环氧树脂复配,制备无溶剂改性环氧涂料,用于直接液化制油工艺碱性含硫污水储罐内壁的防腐蚀,并在A3钢表面制备无溶剂改性环氧防腐蚀涂层,采用相关标准测试其性能。结果表明:采用纳米二氧化硅改性环氧树脂可以明显改善无溶剂防腐蚀涂料涂层的耐冲击强度、柔韧性以及交联度;硅烷偶联剂与二氧化硅改性环氧涂料使涂层附着力保持时间明显延长;有机硅环氧杂化树脂可以有效改善涂层抗腐蚀介质渗透能力,有机硅环氧杂化树脂与纳米二氧化硅改性环氧树脂则可以极大地减轻涂层表面和涂层本体在腐蚀性介质中的破坏程度,延长防腐蚀涂层使用寿命,满足煤制油工艺中碱性水储罐的防腐蚀要求。     

石墨烯耐高温红外低发射率涂层制备研究

以改性有机硅树脂为基料,以低熔点玻璃粉为填料,以铝粉、石墨烯为红外低发射率填料,制备出一种能耐400℃的红外低发射率隐身涂料,并探究了填料、助剂等对耐高温涂料的影响规律。结果发现:改性有机硅树脂、玻璃料、石墨烯、铝粉在最优添加比例时,涂层红外发射率为0.35。     

硼化钛耐磨涂层对织物性能的影响

硼化钛具有较高的硬度和良好的耐磨性,而有机硅树脂的成膜性、疏水性、光泽性、耐刮擦性以及耐腐蚀性能皆优异。将硼化钛与有机硅树脂混合制成耐磨涂层,浸渍、喷涂于棉织物及涤纶织物表面,测试其一系列物理力学性能。实验结果表明,硼化钛可以显著提高棉织物和涤纶织物的耐磨性能;有机硅树脂含量的增加直接影响涂层织物耐磨性能的提高,涂层织物拉伸断裂强力的提高以及涂层织物疏水性能的提高;当有机硅树脂质量分数低于50%时,涤纶织物的耐磨性能远高于棉织物,当有机硅树脂质量分数高于75%时,棉织物的耐磨性能高于涤纶织物;有机硅树脂质量分数为75%的涂层棉织物疏水性能最优,水接触角达到143.4°;有机硅树脂质量分数为100%的涂层涤纶织物疏水性能最优,水接触角达到152.1°。     

纳米SiO_2/改性丙烯酸树脂低表面能防污涂料

低表面能防污涂料是船舶涂料的一个重要分支。利用有机硅改性的丙烯酸树脂作为成膜物质,纳米SiO2为填料,制备了低表面能纳米复合防污涂料。考察了有机硅单体对改性丙烯酸树脂性能的影响,发现随着有机硅含量的增加,改性后的树脂粘度减小,水接触角增加。研究了氟硅烷改性纳米SiO2含量对涂层形貌和水接触角的影响。结果表明,添加少量的氟硅烷处理的纳米SiO2(1%和3%)可显著增大涂层的水接触角,提高涂层的防污性能。添加纳米SiO2浆的涂层的水接触角要高于添加接枝氟硅烷纳米SiO2的涂层,而后者要高于添加未接枝氟硅烷纳米SiO2的涂层。当纳米SiO2的添加量在1%和3%时,涂层的水接触角分别达到101.8°和103°。采用纳米浓缩浆工艺分散后的纳米SiO2可以使涂层的表面形成微米-纳米的特征形貌,从而实现防污的目的。     

环氧有机硅防腐蚀涂料耐热性的研究

采用环氧有机硅树脂与多种不同粒径陶瓷粉，研制出一种耐高温防腐蚀涂料。使用热重分析法、电化学交流阻抗法和电镜扫描对环氧有机硅涂料纳耐热性进行了研究。试验结果表明，耐高温防腐蚀涂料可常温固化，具有较好纳耐高温性能。涂层在钢表面达到250℃时是稳定的，具有良好的耐腐蚀效果，同时根据试验结果讨论了涂层的破坏机理。     

纳米SiO_2溶胶掺量对环氧有机硅涂料防腐蚀性能的影响

为得到综合性能更优的应用于钢桥结构的复合防腐蚀体系,将甲基丙烯酰氧基丙基(甲基)二甲氧基硅烷和甲基三乙氧基硅烷按一定配比制备有机硅预聚物,用环氧树脂E20对其改性,再用不同掺量的纳米SiO_2溶胶进行掺杂改性,得到纳米SiO_2溶胶改性环氧有机硅复合涂料,将加入氨基硅烷固化后的复合涂料涂覆于标准试板,经干燥固化得到复合涂层。采用傅立叶变换红外光谱、激光粒径分析、扫描电镜、接触角测量、附着力测试等表征了复合涂层的结构及性能。结果表明:当硅溶胶掺量为3%时,复合涂层的力学性能、耐腐蚀性能都得到较大改善,硅溶胶对涂层的耐老化性能影响不大。     

有机硅耐热涂料的研究

本课题借助现代化分析手段对有机硅、甲基有机硅及环氧改性有机硅树脂的固化过程进行了研究,以此为依据制定了合理的固化工艺;通过比较不同配方色漆的性能,确定了以TiO2为颜料,SiO2、云母粉、滑石粉石粉为填料的色漆组成。该涂层具有优异的耐热性和机械性能,综合性能良好,长期耐热温度大于250℃,短期耐热大于550℃,可作为耐高温涂料。     

水性导电涂料导电性能及屏蔽效能研究

研制了以片状镀银铜粉为导电填料,水性聚氨酯乳液和水性丙烯酸乳液为成膜树脂的水性导电涂料.分析了成膜树脂、填料含量、溶剂种类、涂层厚度对涂膜导电性能的影响,并通过涂层的微观结构和导电机理,探讨了造成这些影响的原因.测试结果表明该涂料有较好的电磁屏蔽效能.     

环氧改性有机硅氧烷高温隔热涂料研究

采用环氧改性有机硅氧烷树脂为主要成膜物,以空心玻璃微珠和硅酸盐(高岭土、滑石粉、云母粉等)为主要隔热填料,制备了在常温固化的耐高温隔热涂料。采用扫描电镜对隔热涂料的微观形貌进行表征,讨论了高温下涂层的耐热与隔热机理以及高温下(600℃)涂层厚度和隔热填料对涂层隔热性能的影响。     

无溶剂石墨烯/有机硅氧烷纳米复合涂料的制备和性能

采用含有烷氧基端基的低分子量甲基苯基有机硅氧烷树脂为主体,以双官能团丙烯酸酯单体二缩三丙二醇二丙烯酸酯为改性剂,以含氨基硅烷偶联剂为固化剂,石墨烯为填料制备了一种新型的无溶剂纳米复合涂料。钛酸酯和对甲苯磺酸对漆膜的交联固化有良好的催化作用,可以使漆膜的表干时间缩短。石墨烯的加入进一步缩短了漆膜的表干时间。力学性能测试表明石墨烯提高了漆膜的韧性和强度。盐水浸泡实验表明石墨烯提高了涂层的抗腐蚀性能。投射电镜测试表明石墨烯片层呈纳米级均匀分散于树脂基体中,沿涂层铺展方向有一定取向。     

Insertion of triangulated surfaces into a meccano tetrahedral discretization by means of mesh refinement and optimization procedures

In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

Flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases

A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa.     

Refrigerators Enter a New Era of Health Preservation Frestech initiates the establishment of China's first standard for household sterilization refrigerators

On November 30, 2007, the China Association for Standardization (CAS) held a press conference at Beijing Diaoyutai State Guest House. Leaders from the China Household Electric Appliance Research Institute, the China Household Electric Appliance Association, and the China Consumers' Association attended and made speeches.……     

Optimum-Simulation von Ernteprozessen

Zusammenfassung Bei der Gestaltung von Ernteprozessen — beispielsweise des Prozesses Mähdrusch, Körnertransport und -abnahme — als transportverbundene Fließarbeitsverfahren mit mindestens zwei verschiedenen Arbeitsmitteln gibt es einen großen Optimierungsspielraum. Solche Prozesse sind mehrstufige Bedienungsprozesse mit gemischter Anordnung der Bedienungseinrichtungen. Außerdem besitzen sie stark ausgeprägte räumliche Aspekte. Es wird vor allem gezeigt, welche Merkmale solcher Prozesse in Simulationsmodellen abgebildet sein müssen, welche Zielgrößen in Abhängigkeit von welchen Einflußgrößen unter Berücksichtigung welcher Prozeßbedingungen ermittelt werden sollten und wie der Bewertungsprozeß zur Ermittlung der gewünschten Informationen gestaltet werden muß.     

A study of centrifugal cast high boron high speed steel

In the present study a high‐boron high speed steel (HSS) roll material was designed. Many expensive alloy elements have been substituted by cheap boron alloy, and high‐boron high speed steel roll has been manufactured by centrifugal casting method. The microstructures, mechanical properties and wear resistance of centrifugal casting high‐boron high speed steel roll have been investigated by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, hardness test, impact test and wear test. The results indicated that the solidification microstructures of high‐boron high speed steel roll consisted of M₂(B,C), (W,Mo)₂(B,C), M₃(B,C), M₂₃(B,C)₆ type borocarbides and martensite, a small amount of retained austenite. Borocarbides were continuously distributed over the grain boundary. After quenching from 1050 °C, local broken network appeared in partial borocarbides, and fine secondary borocarbide precipitated from the matrix. After tempering from 525 °C, the amount of precipitated borocarbide increased significantly. After heat treatment, the hardness of high‐boron high speed steel roll excelled 60 HRC, and its impact toughness excelled 8.0 J/cm². The single groove steel rolling amount of high‐boron high speed steel rolls increases by 500% than that of bainite cast iron roll, when the rolls are used in K₁ mill housing of bar mill.     

Thixotropy of Systems with Shear Thinning and Plastic Flow Behavior

The definition of the thixotropy is a decrease in viscosity with time in shear and a subsequent recovery of viscosity after the shear deformation is removed.We ...     

Brainstorming for ISO Strategy 2016-2020

正Responding to ISO’s appeal for survey for the to-be-developed ISO Strategy Plan for 2016-2020,SAC hosted a special workshop over the needs and comments of various fi elds on June 8 in Beijing.The workshop was attended by ISO President-elect and Ansteel General Manager Zhang Xiaogang,SAC Vice-Administrator Yu Xinli,and 30 experts from     

CNAS Passes APLAC's PTP Review

正The review group of Asia Pacific Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation(APLAC)carried out a 4-day peer review of the proficiency testing provider(PTP)for China National Accreditation Service for Conformity Assessment(CNAS)from July 28 to 31,2014.CNAS passed the PTP review with excellent performance.Two senior peer reviewers of APLAC made a comprehensive,rigorous and detailed review of CNAS’s PTP accreditation activities,and made the on-spot inspection of the review groups in Shanghai and Shenzhen respectively.