铍铜合金断续切削过程切削参数对后刀面温度的影响

为了分析切削参数对刀具温度的影响,以期在加工过程中改善刀具磨损和提高加工质量。采用以断续车削代替铣削加工的仿铣削试验平台,选取热电偶法对断续切削过程中不同切削参数下的后刀面温度进行测量,通过正交试验和单因素试验研究了切削参数对刀具温度的影响。结果表明,在v=200m/min,f=0.15mm/r,a_p=0.75mm时,刀具温度最低,切削速度v和进给速度f对刀具温度的影响高度显著,背吃刀量对刀具温度的影响并不显著。在铍铜合金断续切削过程中,刀具温度在v=500m/min出现峰值,随着进给量的增大,刀具温度呈减小趋势,在f=0.11mm/r出现突变的趋势,与后刀面上的热量生成、热源移动和分配等因素的影响密不可分。     

PCD刀具高速车削和铣削钛基复合材料的切削温度研究

使用聚晶金刚石刀具,在切削速度为15-150m/min范围内对体分比为0-10%的颗粒增强及颗粒/晶须混合增强钛基复合材料进行车削和铣削试验。分别采用自然热电偶和半自然夹丝热电偶法对车削和铣削时的切削热电势进行了测量,并用比较法快速标定系统对热电势进行了标定。结果表明:PCD刀具切削钛基复合材料时,切削温度随切削速度的增加而显著增加,切削速度从15m/min增大到150m/min时,切削温度从260℃增加到590℃。研究发现,刀具磨损对切削温度存在显著影响,磨损刀具(VB=0.1mm)比新刀的切削温度普遍高60-90℃。切削体分比为5%钛基复合材料时的温度高于其基体材料(钛合金TC4)的切削温度,但随增强相含量的进一步增大,切削温度反而略有降低(降低5%)。由于PCD刀具在较高速度下切削钛基复合材料时切削温度接近或超过PCD刀具在空气中的使用温度,切削过程中刀具会发生明显的化学磨损,从而在前刀面形成显著的月牙洼磨损形态。     

高速铣削近α钛合金的切削温度研究

切削温度不仅直接影响刀具的磨损和耐用度,而且也影响工件的加工精度和已加工表面质量。由于钛合金导热性差和化学亲和性强等原因,通常在其切削加工时切削温度高、刀具磨损严重,致使切削速度难以进一步提高。本文重点对钛合金高速铣削时的切削温度进行试验研究,阐明夹丝半人工热电偶法测温原理和所测热电势信号的物理意义。试验选用了3种不同类型的硬质合金刀具,系统地研究了切削用量、冷却条件及刀具磨损等因素对近α钛合金高速铣削时切削温度的影响。     

PCD刀具高速铣削SiCp/Al复合材料切削温度试验研究

采用夹丝半人工热电偶法,在600- 1200m/min速度范围内对PCD刀具高速铣削SiCp/2009Al复合材料时的切削温度进行了研究,采用单接点热电偶快速标定装置对热电偶(SiCp/2009Al—康铜)测量的热电势进行了标定试验,获得了各种复合材料的温度标定曲线.研究结果表明,在本文试验条件下,铣削温度瞬时最高值可...     

涂层刀具切削温度研究现状

分析了切削热的产生和切削热在加工过程中的影响,总结了研究涂层刀具切削温度的模型和方法,对涂层刀具切削温度研究的各种理论和实验进行了综述。有限元分析结果表明目前对于三层涂层及三层以上涂层刀具的理论分析与实验值比较吻合。指出涂层结构、涂层材料以及工件材料等都对切削温度有影响。     

金属切削刀具后刀面的切削热研究

在以往的金属切削热研究中,认为刀具后刀面处产生的切削热很小而被忽略。文章应用平面热源法,建立了刀具后刀面与工件摩擦面的切削热模型,推导了该摩擦面的切削热分配和切削温度理论计算公式,对影响后刀面切削热的主要因素进行了分析。研究结果表明,当刀具后刀面磨损带宽度达到一定程度时,则刀具后刀面处产生的切削热不能忽略。     

瞬态切削用智能测温刀具的研究

针对传统切削温度测量手段无法实时测量刀尖切削区域瞬态温度的技术难题,研制一种基于NiCr-NiSi薄膜热电偶的瞬态切削用智能测温刀具,采用直流脉冲磁控溅射技术制备了致密性和绝缘效果良好的SiO₂绝缘薄膜及热电偶电极薄膜;利用自行研制的薄膜热电偶自动标定系统对研制的测温刀片的静、动态技术特性进行测试和分析,结果表明所研制的测温刀片在30～300℃范围内具有良好的线性,其塞贝克系数为40.5 μV/K,最大线性误差不超过0.92%,且响应速度快,时间常数为0.083 ms;可嵌入刀杆的温度测试单元实现了在切削加工过程中对瞬态切削温度数据的实时采集、数据存储与无线传输功能;现场试验结果显示,所研制的智能测温刀具可以快速准确监测0.1 s内刀具刀尖处瞬态切削温度的变化,为瞬态切削温度测试提供了新的方法,为智能测温刀具的研究与开发提供了新的技术途径。     

刀具前角对高速切削刀具应力及温度影响的模拟研究

利用非线性有限元分析软件,对高速切削AISI 4340刀具应力进行仿真研究,分析不同刀具前角对刀具应力及温度的影响。针对所选用的几个角度,有限元分析结果表明,当刀具前角为-10°时,刀具前刀面应力分布相对均匀,而温度随刀具前角的减小而减小。     

数控铣削加工曲面时刀具轨迹的研究

数控铣削加工曲面过程中,刀具的运动轨迹是影响加工质量的一个重要因素.研究了数控铣削加工过程中刀具轨迹的生成,以及不同轨迹形式对加工质量有何影响等内容.     

数控铣削加工中刀具半径补偿问题研究

刀具半径补偿是数控铣削加工中的常用功能，就数控铣削加工中刀具半径补偿的建立和取消、刀具半径补偿量的指定和计算方法、刀具半径补偿功能的应用进行了研究。     

A probabilistic neural network applied in monitoring tool wear in the end milling operation via acoustic emission and cutting power signals

Tool condition monitoring, which is very important in machining, has improved over the past 20 years. Several process variables that are active in the cutting region, such as cutting forces, vibrations, acoustic emission (AE), noise, temperature, and surface finish, are influenced by the state of the cutting tool and the conditions of the material removal process. However, controlling these process variables to ensure adequate responses, particularly on an individual basis, is a highly complex task. The combination of AE and cutting power signals serves to indicate the improved response. In this study, a new parameter based on AE signal energy (frequency range between 100 and 300 kHz) was introduced to improve response. Tool wear in end milling was measured in each step, based on cutting power and AE signals. The wear conditions were then classified as good or bad, the signal parameters were extracted, and the probabilistic neural network was applied. The mean and skewness of cutting power and the root mean square of the power spectral density of AE showed sensitivity and were applied with about 91% accuracy. The combination of cutting power and AE with the signal energy parameter can definitely be applied in a tool wear-monitoring system.     

数控机床主轴电流与切削参数关系研究

简单介绍了监测刀具状态的重要性,阐述了主轴电流与刀具磨损量之间的线性关系,同时提出了主轴电流与切削参数之间存在着必然联系。设计了检测电流信号的测试系统,建立了主轴电流与切削参数关系的数学模型,并通过多元线性回归处理确定了该模型中的未知系数。利用F检验法验证模型呈显性成立。通过相对误差及剩余标准差计算,验证了该模型精确度非常高,满足工程实际需要。最后得出了铣削加工中切削参数对主轴电流影响的显著度由强到弱的顺序。     

Novel tool wear monitoring method in ultra-precision raster milling using cutting chips

Tool wear monitoring is a popular research topic in the field of ultra-precision machining. However, there appears to have been no research on the monitoring of tool wear in ultra-precision raster milling (UPRM) by using cutting chips. In the present research, monitoring tool wear was firstly conducted in UPRM by using cutting chips. During the cutting process, the fracture wear of the diamond tool is directly imprinted on the cutting chip surface as a group of ‘ridges’. Through inspection of the locations, cross-sectional shape of these ridges by a 3D scanning electron microscope, the virtual cutting edge of the diamond tool under fracture wear is built up. A mathematical model was established to predict the virtual cutting edge with two geometric elements: semi-circle and isosceles triangle used to approximate the cross-sectional shape of ridges. Since the theoretical prediction of cutting edge profile concurs with the inspected one, the proposed tool wear monitoring method is found to be effective.     

Analysis of tool temperature fluctuation in interrupted cutting

A unidimensional model for temperature distribution in the tool during intermittent cutting is presented. The tool-chip interface heating is approximated by a periodic rectangular heat flux. The effects of cutting time ratio, frequency of temperature fluctuation and thermal diffusivity of the tool material on internal temperature distribution and on thermal stresses developed in the tool have been discussed. With increasing cutting frequency, the temperature gradient in the cutting zone increases, but with higher thermal diffusivity of the tool material, it diminishes. The magnitude of thermal stresses increases with increase in amplitude of temperature fluctuation     

高速切削加工刀具材料的性能分析及合理化选择

阐述各种高速切削加工刀具材料的性能,并分析其物理特性和化学特性以及不同的成分合成对机械加工性能的影响.通过比较,并考虑切削刀具材料与加工对象的力学性能、物理性能和化学性能的匹配情况,合理地选择高速切削加工刀具的材料.     

Development of meso-scale milling machine tool and its performance analysis

To overcome the shortcomings of current technologies for meso-scale manufacturing such as MEMS and ultra precision machining, this paper focuses on the investigations on the meso milling process with a miniaturized machine tool. First, the related technologies for the process mechanism studies are investigated based on the analysis of the characteristics of the meso milling process. An overview of the key issues is presented and research approaches are also proposed. Then, a mesoscale milling machine tool system is developed. The subsystems and their specifications are described in detail. Finally, some tests are conducted to evaluate the performance of the system. These tests consist of precision measurement of the positioning subsystem, the test for machining precision evaluation, and the experiments for machining mechanical parts with complex features. Through test analysis, the meso milling process with a miniaturized machine tool is proved to be feasible and applicable for meso manufacturing. __________ Translated from Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2006, 42(11): 162–167 [译自: 机械工程学报]     

A study of deformation of the machined workpiece and tool under different low cutting velocities with an elastic cutting tool

To understand the effects of cutting velocity, tool elastic deformation generated by high normal stresses during metal cutting processing and artificial tool flank wear on the cutting process, an iterative mathematical model for calculating the tool–workpiece contact problem was developed in this paper under the assumption of elastic cutting tools. In this model, the finite element method is used to simulate cutting of mild steel by the P20 cutting tool with constant artifical tool flank wear under the condition of three different cutting velocities. The results obtained in the simulation were found to match the experimental data reported by related studies. The simulation results also indicate that the thrust and the cutting forces are functions of cutting velocity. Besides, both the normal stress on the tool rake face and the residual stress of machined workpiece generally decrease with increase in cutting velocity. According to the findings in this study, though the residual stress of the machined workpiece decreases as the cutting velocity increases, its value is still higher than that in ordinary conditions due both to the influence of tool flank wear and tool elastic deformation. Also, the phenomenon of curvature at the workpiece end easily occurs.     

Layer formation on the rake face of a cutting tool and its effect on tool life

The relation between the formation of a deposited layer on the rake face and the life of the cutting tool during the machining of carbon steels was examined. The chemical composition of the layer depended upon the types of non-metallic inclusions in the steels, and the life of the tool was considerably affected by them.