颜料色浆的选择对外墙涂料耐候性的影响

探讨色浆的选择对外墙涂料色漆耐候性的影响因素。重点讨论色浆类型的选择对性能的影响,同一种颜色用不同的复合色浆对耐候性的影响,色浆与调色基础漆配方设计对耐候性的影响以及墙面基材对保色性的影响。     

外墙涂料乳液展色性对比实验分辨率研究

采用铁黄、炭黑和酞菁蓝3种色浆对外墙涂料进行调色,测试了色漆的颜色和色浆浓度的关系。结果表明,颜色与色浆浓度呈对数关系,拟合函数为增函数、凸函数。在根据不同乳液外墙涂料的颜色评价乳液展色性的实验方案中,增大色浆浓度有利于减小色浆质量的误差对实验的不利影响,且有利于分辨不同的乳液。     

可逆热致变色涂料印花研究

采用可逆热致变色涂料对织物进行印花。研究增稠剂、粘合剂、焙烘条件等对织物颜色、牢度等的影响。结果表明,微胶囊包封后,体系内可能遗留部分未反应的环氧树脂与固化剂残基,这些基体有可能与印花粘合剂、增稠剂发生反应而生成不透明物质,从而影响色浆及印花产品的颜色,所以印花助剂的选择和工艺条件的控制十分重要。在本研究范围内,最佳色浆配方和印花工艺条件为：耐盐性能和抗渗化性能好的KG-201、KG-203作增稠剂;对颜色影响小且手感好的PT-528S作粘合剂,用量为色浆的15％,焙烘条件是100℃下5min。     

建筑涂料领域中影响电脑配色准确性的因素

电脑配色在涂料行业是一门新兴技术,颜色配方的准确性一直是配色师关注的问题。从色浆数据库的建立、基漆数据库的建立、颜色配方的设计、色浆与基漆的匹配、色浆/基漆批次稳定性等方面来阐述影响电脑配色精度的因素。     

纳米技术在水性色浆中的应用评述

对纳米技术及纳米材料在色浆中的应用进行了简要概述。根据纳米材料在建筑涂料中的应用产生的功能效果,评述了纳米二氧化钛、二氧化硅、氧化锌、碳酸钙、银、氧化铁等几个重要品种用于生产水性色浆后,对水性色浆应用性能的影响。阐述了生产纳米色浆所采用的方法、工艺、色浆稳定理论、全纳米和复合纳米色浆的制备,着重讨论了润湿分散体系对纳米色浆性能的影响。     

国产色浆纺制原液着色丝试验

用国产印花涂料色浆替代进口色浆试纺粘胶原液着色丝，其编丝可纺性和丝条着色宾度良好，但国产色浆的颜色鲜艳度和稳定性不及进口色浆，着色丝色浆用量也相对大一些。     

如何选择适合乳胶漆用的色浆着色体系

介绍了选择乳胶漆用的色浆体系要注意哪些因素,以及如何评估色浆体系。从色浆与基漆的相容性、色浆的着色力、流变性、色空间覆盖、耐光耐候性、耐碱性、干燥时间及环保性能等方面,逐一讨论每一因素对基础漆性能及配色的影响。     

不同颜色色浆对氟树脂/铝低红外发射率涂层的影响

研究了大红、深黄、水紫、黑色4种颜色色浆对氟树脂/铝低红外发射率涂层光泽、附着力、硬度、粗糙度、耐冲击性、色差、红外发射率、耐腐蚀性等性能的影响。研究结果显示:深黄色色浆涂层的发射率最低,约为0.1;不同色浆对氟树脂涂层色差明度影响不同,相对于其他色浆,水紫能够使涂层偏暗;大红、深黄、水紫色浆的涂层硬度均为6H;加深黄色浆的涂层附着力最好,其次是大红色浆和水紫色浆;深黄色浆对涂层的耐冲击性影响最大,其次是大红色浆和水紫色浆;相对于大红、深黄、黑色色浆,水紫色浆涂层具有最低的粗糙度,表面比较光滑;水紫色浆和深黄色浆的红外波峰比较持平,有利于减小表面发射率;水紫色浆氟树脂涂层的耐腐蚀性能最好。耐盐水腐蚀测试后4种涂层均没有明显失光,水紫涂层没有发生明显变色,深黄和黑色涂层起泡密度较低。水紫色浆因其粒径均匀细小,在氟树脂涂料中易分散,与氟树脂相容性好,因此具有相对较优的综合性能。     

原液着色粘胶长丝的色浆配色

介绍了原液着色粘胶长丝的色浆配色技术方法。拼色时选取色浆颜色能少则少，一般不超过三种颜色，并尽量避免单纯用一次色色浆进行拼色。     

超细涂料色浆对电泳漆涂装性能的影响

通过超声法制备了超细涂料色浆,并将其应用到阴极电泳漆中。考察了超细化前后涂料色浆的平均粒径、Zeta电位的变化,比较分析了超细涂料色浆与普通涂料色浆用于阴极电泳漆时漆液稳定性、漆膜沉积量、颜色深度、外观的区别。实验结果表明:超细涂料色浆的平均粒径仅为196 nm,Zeta电位为30 mV且分布均匀。用超细涂料色浆配制的电泳漆液具有较高的离心稳定性。相比于含普通涂料色浆的阴极电泳漆,含有超细涂料色浆的阴极电泳漆的漆膜的电沉积量稍高,而且更加均匀、平整、细腻。     

Spectral color reproduction minimizing spectral and perceptual color differences

In this article, we are combining minimization criteria in the colorant separation process for spectral color reproduction. The colorant separation is performed by inverting a spectral printer model: the spectral Yule‐Nielsen modified Neugebauer model. The inversion of the spectral printer model is an optimization operation in which a criterion is minimized at each iteration. The approach we proposed minimizes a criterion defined by the weighted sum of a spectral difference and a perceptual color difference. The weights can be tuned with a parameter α ∞ [0, 1]. Our goal is to decrease the spectral difference between the original data and its reproduction and also to consider perceptual color difference under different illuminant conditions. In order to find the best α value, we initially compare a pure colorimetric criterion and a pure spectral criterion for the reproduction, then we combine them. We perform four colorant separations: the first separation will minimize the 1976 CIELAB color difference where four illuminants are tested, the second separation will minimize an equally weighted summation of 1976 CIELAB color difference with the four illuminants tested independently, the third colorant separation will minimize a spectral difference, and the fourth colorant separation will combine a weighted sum of a spectral difference and one of the two first colorimetric differences previously introduced. This last colorant separation can be tuned with a parameter in order to emphasize on spectral or colorimetric difference. We use a six colorants printer with artificial inks for our experiments. The prints are simulated by the spectral Yule‐Nielsen modified Neugebauer model. Two groups of data are used for our experiments. The first group describes the data printed by our printing system, which is represented by a regular grid in colorant space of the printer and the second group describes the data which is not originally produced by our printing system but mapped to the spectral printer gamut. The Esser test chart and the Macbeth Color Checker test chart have been selected for the second group. Spectral gamut mapping of this data is carried out before performing colorant separation. Our results show improvement for the colorant separations combining a sum of 1976 CIELAB color difference for a set of illuminants and for the colorant separation combining a sum of 1976 CIELAB color difference and spectral difference, especially in the case of spectral data originally produced by the printer. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 33, 494–504, 2008     

电脑调色基础漆配方修正

通过电脑调色基础漆和国内外厂家色浆相容性的试验,讨论了体系与色浆相容性不好的原因,由此对基础漆配方进行了修正。着重研究了润湿分散剂的选择与加量对基础漆展色的影响。结果表明,当阴离子型分散剂5040加量增至0.6%,非离子型润湿剂188A加量增至0.3%后,色浆与电脑调色基础漆的相容性达到了最优。     

结构色乳浊釉制备工艺的研究

本文以石英、长石、滑石、方解石、磷酸钙为主要原料,研究了RO2-RO-Al2O3-SiO2-P2O5系统的结构色乳浊釉。研究发现:结构色乳浊釉在高温下会发生富磷相与基相的分相,在基础釉料的基础上加入TiO2、Cr2O3、V2O5、CoO、铅硼熔块等着色剂,可使烧成釉面的结构色乳浊效果易于观察。本实验通过调整着色剂的加入量,单层施釉和多层交替施釉,烧成制度等工艺,研究出结构色乳浊效果较好的釉料配方和生产工艺。通过光学显微镜(OM)等测试技术研究表明,釉面因瑞利散射和多层膜干涉而产生美丽的结构色。     

Empirical colorant mixture models

The color behavior of unconventional colorant systems and certain other mixtures cannot be described adequately by available theory. In such cases alternative approaches to formulation and shading need to be developed. In this article we investigate empirical models using Scheffé polynomials to describe color response surfaces for three- and four-component olorant mixtures. We describe experimental designs that allow the efficient estimation of the coefficients of high-order polynomial models over the full mixture-design space and that also allow estimation of lower-order models over subspace mixture regions. The experimental designs are applied to real colorant systems, and the accuracy of color response prediction from linear, quadratic, cubic, and quartic polynomial models is compared to that of theoretical models. The color response surfaces are visualized by preparing contour plots that depict color variation over a compositional region. These maps allow one to observe the relationship between color and composition, to assess the color gamut available with a given colorant set, and to estimate the formula or adjustments required to match a given color position. The effective use of model predictions to perform a sensitivity analysis on the compositional variables is also demonstrated in the context of manufacturing process control.     

The total colorant sensitivity of a color matching recipe: An approach to colorant weighting and tinctorial strength errors

The repeatability of the recipe color can be affected by several different types of inevitable inaccuracies in the coloration process. Two of the major causes of poor target‐color reproducibility are the (random) weighing and (proportional) strength errors. This article describes alternative definitions of colorant strength sensitivity and total colorant sensitivity of a dyeing recipe. The influences of the maximal colorant weighing and strength errors are taken into account in order to bring the magnitudes of the two treated types of sensitivity into a mutually realistic balance between each other. The quantifications of precision and accuracy of a color matching recipe are also developed and combined into a single‐number measure of recipe quality. The listed quantities are expected to be useful in selecting the most reliable one(s) among the different formulations for the same standard color. The methods are presented for calculating numerical estimates of the newly introduced quantities. The precision and accuracy of the coloration process are investigated in laboratory experiments involving repeated dyeings. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 33, 300–306, 2008.     

腐植酸及其盐对磷酸二铵着色的实验研究

以湿法磷酸和腐植酸及其盐类为原料,并以美国嘉吉公司棕褐色磷酸二铵(DAP)产品为参照,按照传统法生产DAP的工艺条件进行着色评价实验。先后研究了不同类别的腐植酸及其盐在浓磷酸、洗涤液和水中的溶解性能;进行不同着色剂种类、用量条件下磷酸通氨中和反应实验,并在此基础上进行喷浆造粒实验。研究表明:腐植酸类着色剂在DAP生产系统中的适宜添加方式为先将其配制为10%的水溶液,然后再添加到磷酸或洗涤液中;0.15%用量的ESM-1着色剂产品效果最佳,其颜色最接近美国嘉吉公司的棕褐色DAP产品;添加ESM-1型着色剂对产品养分的影响不大。     

色素炭黑润湿分散剂的选择

通过几个平行实验,对比了不同种类的润湿分散剂对色素炭黑的润湿分散效果、储存稳定性以及防浮色发花性,从中筛选出效果较好的分散剂。并从高分子吸附形态、高分子化合物浓度、溶剂、酸/碱基、粒子表面形态等对分散剂在颜料表面的吸附的影响进行了分析。结果表明,用带有颜料亲和基团的高分子量嵌段封闭共聚物和不饱和多元羧酸的多元胺聚酰胺结构的炭黑润湿分散剂研磨炭黑色浆效率高,细度下降快,研磨的色浆储存性好,黑度高,防浮色发花性好,在炭黑润湿分散方面取得了良好的效果。     

蓝色氧化锆陶瓷的研制

以微米或纳米氧化锆粉体为主原料,钒锆蓝色料或Co3O4为着色剂,添加适量烧结助剂制备蓝色氧化锆陶瓷。研究了氧化锆、助剂、着色剂等对蓝色氧化锆陶瓷颜色及性能的影响。结果表明:用纳米级ZrO2粉体为原料,钒锆蓝色料为着色剂,添加少量烧结助剂,可制得性能优良、颜色亮丽的蓝色氧化锆陶瓷;用纳米级ZrO2为原料,Co3O4为着色剂,添加少量烧结助剂,可制得性能优良、颜色亮丽的钴蓝色氧化锆陶瓷。     

Waterborne latex coatings of color: III. Triblock polyether influences on color development and viscosity

Oxyethylene (PEO)/oxypropylene (PPO) triblock polymers are added to colorant formulations to determine the influence of molecular weight and other structural variances on the rheology and color development of tinted latex paints. Waterborne coatings are a matrix of many coating components. In this study, a 108- or a 600-nm latex was thickened with a nonassociative thickener, hydroxyethyl cellulose, or an associative telechelic HEUR thickener. Triblock polymers with internal PPO segments and PEO terminal segments added as a dispersant to colorant packages, lead to better color development than PPO/PEO/PPO triblocks dispersants in carbon black (CB) tinted paints. The increase in color development with high molecular weight (MW) triblocks starts at a very low concentration (2 mM) and plateaus in a Langmuir-type adsorption isotherm. Lower molecular weight triblock polymers also exhibit this behavior in CB-, red-, and yellow-tinted latex coatings; however, increasing the terminal PEO segment sizes leads to better color development only in the CB-tinted coatings. With large PEO terminal units red and yellow tints are high only at very low concentrations (2 mM) of the triblock. This parabolic response in color development, in contrast to CB-tinted formulations, is attributed to the high surface area and porosity of CB that limits the amount of large PEO segments interacting with the talc particle present at twice the volume fraction of the colorant. With the lower surface areas of the red and yellow colorants, the interaction of the large PEO terminal segments with talc particles accounts for the limited triblock concentration for which good color development is observed. This can be reversed by decreasing or eliminating talc from the formulation.