Everything you wanted to know about MPEG-7. 1

Audio-visual information must allow some degree of interpretation, which can be passed onto, or accessed by a device or a computer code. MPEG-7 aims to create a standard for describing these operational requirements. We provide an overview on the development, functionality, and applicability of MPEG-7. We present the role of MPEG-7 and outline ideas for using MPEG-7 technology based on examples of improved versions of existing applications as well as completely new ones. The MPEG standards preceding MPEG-7 have mainly addressed coded representation of audio-visual information. MPEG-7, on the other hand, focuses on the standardization of a common interface for describing multimedia materials (representing information about the content, but not the content itself (“the bits about the bits”)). In this context, MPEG-7 addresses aspects such as facilitating interoperability and globalization of data resources and flexibility of data management     

MPEG-7:音频视频信息的描述标准

从MPEG-7标准开发的目标、要求、MPEG-7标准的组成成分以及标准的应用领域四个方面阐述了MPEG-7标准的基本内容。     

基于MPEG-7的图像检索模型研究

研究了基于内容的图像检索系统中的目标描述模型的建立方法。首先指出了目标描述模型是图像检索的关键技术,然后分析了ＭＰＥＧ－７草案中有关多媒体描述的基本术语、描述机制和ＭＰＥＧ－７的应用框架,最后基于ＭＰＥＧ－７提出了一种适合于图像检索的目标描述模型。该模型对提取出的多种视觉特征和相应的表示方法采用了分层结构。模型满足用户对所需特征进行不同级别检索的要求。     

用于音乐的MPEG7和符合MPEG7的音乐

ＭＰＥＧ－７,即多媒体内容描述接口（Ｍｕｌｔｉｍｅｄｉａ Ｃｏｎｔｅｎｔ Ｄｅｓｃｒｉｐｔｉｏｎ Ｉｎｔｅｒｆａｃｅ）致力于对视听材料描述进行标准化,以实现通用的索引、检索、过滤、控制以及由量的元数据所支持的其他操作。文章给出了ＭＰＥＧ－７的概念的一个综述,并提供了一怎样将目前的实际结合进ＭＰＥＧ－７框架中的例子,阐述了对标准的可能发展方向和解决方案的一些想法。     

Fast MPEG-4 Motion Estimation: Processor Based and Flexible VLSI Implementations

MPEG-4 is a new multimedia standard combining interactivity, object-based natural and synthetic digital video, audio and computer-graphics. For the implementation of the video part of the MPEG-4 standard a high degree of flexibility is required, where the motion estimation requires the highest part of the computational power. Therefore, in this paper fast algorithms for MPEG-4 motion estimation are evaluated in terms of visual quality and computational power requirements for processor based implementations. Due to the object-based nature of MPEG-4 also new VLSI architectures for MPEG-4 motion estimation are required. Therefore known motion estimation architectures are evaluated on their capability of being modified for MPEG-4 support. Based on this evaluation a new dedicated, but flexible MPEG-4 motion estimation architecture targeted for low-power handheld applications is presented, which resulted to be advantageous to processor based implementations by magnitudes of order.     

MPEG-7的现状和发展

为了实现基于内容的多媒体信息检索，活动图像专家组MPEG制订了“多媒体内容描述接口”MPEG-7标准，与MPEG-1、2、4不同，MPEG-7不是一种新的编码标准，它独立于其它标准，运用MPEG-1、2、4中的工具和手段，同时为其服务。介绍了MPEG-7的研究背景、目标、研究内容以及应用领域。     

MPEG-1～MPEG-7的分析与评价

简要介绍MPEG-1～MPEG-7的发展过程;着重分析了MPEG-2标准及其编码策略和存在的缺陷,MPEG-4标准的新特色及其构成框架,MPEG-7标准构想所涉及的主要技术及难点等;详细介绍了MPEG系列标准的发展思路、技术原理及各自的应用领域,并展望了其对未来人类生活产生的的影响。     

一种基于MPEG-7的图像内容描述方案

图像内容检索是互联网应用的一个研究热点内容,如何准确地描述图像信息是多媒体信息检索必须要解决的问题。本文提出一种基于MPEG-7标准的图像内容的描述方案,可以有效地对图像内容进行描述。文章首先介绍了MPEG-7标准和描述方案,然后叙述基于MPEG-7的图像描述方案的技术与相关特征,最后给出一个具体的基于MPEG-7的图像描述方案的例子。     

MPEG-7标准的目标及应用

活动图像专家组（ＭＰＥＧ）在完成ＭＰＥＧ－４第一版标准的制定工作后,又在着手制定ＭＰＥＧ－７标准。描述了ＭＰＥＧ－７标准的目标,并列举了ＭＰＥＧ－７工具将支持的若干应用。     

基于内容的图像检索与MPEG-7

随着数字图像信息的高速膨胀与增加,基于内容的图像检索技术已经成为了一个被广泛关注的研究领域.与此同时,国际标准MPEG-7的制定,极大的促进了这一领域的发展.本文将主要对基于内容的图像检索的研究现状以及关键技术进行了分析,介绍了MPEG-7标准的相关内容,并在此基础上提出一种基于MPEG-7标准的图像检索系统模型.     

PDR节目数据库管理软件研究

为了适应PDR网络化、个人化的发展要求,本文提出了PDR节目数据库管理软件中一些关键模块的设计方案。这些方案包括实现节目列表的新型集合、符合MPEG-7标准的节目预告描述方案、统一的节目资源管理方案及其在提供电子节目单和完成预约录制方面的应用。实验证明以上各方案的性能均优于目前PDR产品所采用的相应方案。     

多媒体系列标准MPEG的发展研究

通过对MPEG－1到MPEG－21发展过程的分析，详细论述了MPEG系列标准的技术原理及应用领域；并对MPEG－4，MPEG－7和MPEG－21标准的主要技术进行了重点研究。     

基于MPEG-7的学习系统模型及其实现机制

MPEG 7标准的制定解决了多媒体内容描述的标准化问题,可满足用户对多媒体内容快速、有效检索的需求,提高多媒体内容的利用价值。在介绍MPEG 7标准的范围、描述框架和描述方案的基础上,设计基于MPEG 7标准的学习系统模型和相应的实现机制,包括多媒体学习资源的检索机制、推拉获取机制和学习者偏好机制。     

基于MPEG-7的多媒体内容描述方法研究

如何准确地描述多媒体信息是多媒体信息检索必须要解决的问题。文中介绍了MPEG-7标准多媒体内容的描述工具,然后从结构和内容两个方面研究MPEG-7描述多媒体内容的方法,并给出了实际的例子。     

Tests on MPEG-4 audio codec proposals

During December 1995, subjective tests were carried out by members of the Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG, ISO/JTC1/SC29/WG11) to select the proposed technology for inclusion in the audio part of the new MPEG-4 standard. The new standard addresses coding for more than just the functionality of data rate compression. Material coded at very low bit-rates is also included. Thus, different testing methodologies were applied, according to ITU-R Rec. BS 1116 for a bit-rate of 64 kbit/s per channel and according to ITU-T Rec. P.80 for lower bit-rates or functionalities other than data rate compression. Proposals were subjectively tested for coding efficiency, error resilience, scalability and speed change: a subset of the MPEG-4 ‘functionalities’. This paper describes how two different evaluation methods were used and adjusted to fit the different testing requirements. This first major effort to test coding schemes at low bit-rates proved successful. Based on the test results, decisions for MPEG-4 technology were made.

This was the first opportunity for MPEG members to carry out tests on the submitted functionalities. In the process, much was learnt. As a result, some suggestions are made to improve the way new functionalities can be subjectively evaluated.     

Subjective evaluation of MPEG-4 video codec proposals: Methodological approach and test procedures

A new audio-visual coding standard, MPEG-4, is currently under development. MPEG-4 will address not only compression, but also completely new audio-video coding functionalities related to content-based interactivity and universal access. As part of the MPEG-4 standardization process, in November, 1995 assessments were performed on technologies proposed for incorporation in the standard. These assessments included formal subjective tests, as well as expert panel evaluations. This paper describes the MPEG-4 video formal subjective tests. Since MPEG-4 addresses new coding functionalities, and also operates at bit-rates lower than ever subjectively tested before on a large scale, standard ITU test methods were not directly applicable. These methods had to be adapted, and even new test methods devised, for the MPEG-4 video subjective tests. We describe here the test methods used in the MPEG-4 video subjective tests, how the tests were carried out, and how the test results were interpreted. We also evaluate the successes and shortcomings of the MPEG-4 video subjective tests, and suggest possible improvements for future tests. The MPEG-4 video subjective tests were successful, providing the MPEG community with critical information to guide in the selection of technologies for inclusion in the video part of the MPEG-4 standard.     

The MPEG-4 Multimedia Coding Standard: Algorithms, Architectures and Applications

The upcoming MPEG-4 standard provides new possibilities for the compression and presentation of multimedia contents. The main characteristics of MPEG-4 are the object-based coding and representation of an audio-visual scene and the ability to code objects of natural or synthetic origin. These features will enhance existing applications with new functionalities and enable standardised solutions for new applications. This paper provides an overview of the three major parts Systems, Visual and Audio of the new MPEG-4 standard, highlights implementation aspects for some envisaged types of MPEG-4 terminals and describes possible future multimedia application scenarios using MPEG-4 functionalities.