基于线材轧制成型的三维热力耦合弹塑性有限元研究

运用有限元软件MSC.MARC及其接触分析技术,准确地模拟出了高速线材中轧区五机架热连轧过程。轧件与轧辊均采用真实尺寸,计算并分析了轧制过程中的金属流动、轧制力、轧制力矩、应力与应变的变化规律,特别是分析了轧件在各道次轧后温度场的分布值,模拟结果准确可靠。基于此可为工艺参数的优化提供依据,也对实际生产有重要的指导意义。     

板带粗轧过程热、力、组织耦合三维有限元模拟

根据某厂2050热带钢粗轧机组轧制工艺，借助物理冶金组织演变模型，利用非线性有限元法开发了热连轧过程热、力、组织耦合三维刚塑性有限元模型。运用该模型对低碳钢SS400的现场实际轧制情况进行仿真计算，得到轧件三维变形场、温度场及显微组织的分布规律。模拟得到的轧制力能参数、粗轧出口温度与现场实测结果吻合很好。     

热带钢连轧多场耦合演变过程有限元分析

根据物理冶金组织演变规律和经验公式，开发了金属热变形过程耦合组织演变的计算模块。结合某厂2050热带钢连轧工艺过程，利用非线性刚塑性有限元法，建立热连轧过程热、力、组织的多参量耦合仿真模型。运用该模型对2050现场实际轧制过程进行模拟计算，分析了轧制过程轧件变形场、温度场及显微组织的演变规律。模拟得到的轧制力能参数、温度、组织分布与实测数据基本一致。     

2400mm热轧机机架三维有限元分析

应用Abaqus有限元分析软件,采用三维线弹性分析方法对某大型铝轧厂2400mm热连轧精轧机机架进行了模拟,得出其应力和变形分布规律,进行强度和刚度分析,进而计算出机架的刚度,其结果不仅给机架的结构设计提供理论指导,而且对轧制规程的制定和板形控制具有实用价值.     

三辊楔横轧空心件成形机理的研究

利用刚塑性有限元,基于Deform-3D平台建立了三辊楔横轧空心件的有限元热力耦合模型.通过模拟计算,分析了轧制过程金属的流动规律,研究楔横轧轧件上每一点的应力、应变场分布以及轧辊的力能参数.研究结果对解决零件精确成形和提高轧件质量具有理论意义和实用价值.     

斜轧圆锥滚子轴承内圈毛坯的数值模拟及分析北大核心

热态斜轧圆锥滚子轴承内圈毛坯的生产效率显著高于常用的平锻和锤上胎锻工艺,材料利用率更高。基于DEFORM有限元分析平台,建立了螺旋孔型斜轧内圈毛坯的三维实体模型,对斜轧内圈毛坯的过程进行模拟计算,分析了轧件内部的应力-应变分布情况,为模具的设计和工艺参数的确定提供参考。     

斜轧圆锥滚子轴承内圈毛坯的数值模拟及分析

热态斜轧圆锥滚子轴承内圈毛坯的生产效率显著高于常用的平锻和锤上胎锻工艺,材料利用率更高。基于DEFORM有限元分析平台,建立了螺旋孔型斜轧内圈毛坯的三维实体模型,对斜轧内圈毛坯的过程进行模拟计算,分析了轧件内部的应力-应变分布情况,为模具的设计和工艺参数的确定提供参考。     

四辊轧机机座垂直振动仿真与分析

针对某新型铝热连轧机生产实践中因垂直振动影响板带质量的问题,在建立四辊轧机六自由度动力学模型基础上,采用数值计算与ANSYS有限元仿真相结合的方法,对其垂直振动的固有频率和响应特性进行分析,探讨结构参数对轧机垂直振动特性的影响和垂直振动对板形、板厚的影响,并从改善轧机生产工况和结构参数两个方面提出了改进轧机工作的建议.     

H型钢空冷过程中残余热应力的有限元分析

借助于LS-DYNA有限元软件,在H型钢轧制全程有限元分析的基础上,对轧后H型钢空冷过程进行了三维热力耦合有限元分析,分析了不同热定尺情况下H型钢残余热应力的分布.结果表明:该热轧H型钢因轧后断面温度场的分布不均匀导致空冷过程中残余热应力的分布状态复杂,其中沿轧件长度方向上的残余热应力在腹板部位整体表现为压应力,可达160 MPa以上,而翼缘中心和腰腿连接部位表现为拉应力;H型钢宽度方向的残余应力影响长度方向上的应力分布,当采用热锯定尺小于3 m时,随着长度的减小沿长度方向的残余热应力相应减小.     

工艺参数对多楔轧件接口质量的影响规律

楔横轧多楔成形工艺是生产长轴类零件的先进方法,但生产过程中模具工艺参数对轧件接口质量的影响比较复杂。根据楔横轧多楔模具的工艺特点,建立多楔轧制长轴类零件的三维有限元模型。基于ANSYS/LS-DYNA有限元模拟软件,在不同模具工艺参数下对多楔轧制过程进行了有限元模拟,得到模具工艺参数对轧件接口质量的影响规律。在与模拟工艺参数相同的条件下进行轧制试验,试验结果和模拟结果一致。通过对理论模拟和轧制试验获得结果的分析,得到工艺参数中过渡角对轧件的接口质量影响最大、展宽角对轧件接口质量影响最小的结论。综合考虑各工艺参数的影响,给出保证轧件接口质量良好的过渡角选择范围。研究结果为多楔成形长轴类零件的模具设计提供理论依据和参考。     

7075铝合金厚板多道次蛇形热轧的分析与预测

研究了蛇形轧制工艺参数对铝合金厚板变形与残余应力分布的影响。基于蛇形轧制的咬入条件与本构模型以及边界条件等关键技术,构建了铝合金厚板的单道次蛇形轧制有限元模型,并与相关文献的仿真结果进行了比较,结果显示其相对误差不超过10%。考虑最小、最大压下量均相等的条件下压下量分配对蛇形轧制的影响,建立了多道次蛇形轧制的有限元模型并进行了仿真实验。结果表明:铝厚板应变不是按板厚中心面呈对称分布,慢速辊一侧的应变明显小于快速辊一侧,而且压下量对称递增分配产生的应变最大,单向递增分配产生的应变最小,对称递增比单向递增分配压下量产生的应变平均要高出20%左右。此外,压下量对称递减分配引起的剪切应变最大,单向递增分配引起的剪切应变最小,对称递减分配比单向递增分配压下量产生的剪切应变要高出2倍。     

Different degree of reduction and sliding phenomenon study for three-dimensional hot rolling with sandwich flat strip

Symmetric rolling of 3D sandwich flat strips with thermal-elastic–plastic coupled model was studied under the assumption of an elastic roller and the condideration of heat transfer. Aluminum–copper sandwich flat strips were used in this study.The numerical model of symmetric rolling for 3D sandwich flat strip with thermal-elastic–plastic coupled model was developed based on the large deformation–large strain theory, the update Lagrangian formulation and the incremental principle. Besides, flow stress was considered as the function of strain, strain rate and temperature. The theoretical model of finite element method containing the two-order strain rate formulation acted as the basis for determining the convergence of simulation results.The contact surface between the aluminum and copper for the sandwich flat strip was also discussed. First of all, the contact face between the aluminum and copper was assumed that it would be fixed without sliding. Symmetric hot rolling of the aluminum and copper sandwich flat strip was analyzed. A slide criterion was then introduced to study the shear stress states of the contact face between aluminum and copper of sandwich strip, which was used to compare the relation between the maximum shear stress and the yielding shear stress on the contact face. If the maximum shear stress of aluminum or copper is smaller than the yielding stress of aluminum or copper respectively, sliding does not occur on the contact face. On the contrary, the sliding may occur on the contact face between aluminum and copper.Three different degrees of reduction were simulated in this study to analyze the states of shear stress on the upper aluminum strip and lower copper strip close to the contact face. Finally, it finds that the sliding on the contact face between aluminum and copper may occur around certain degree of reduction. The average rolling force of the simulation result was compared with experimental data [8] to verify the simulation results.     

Effects of rolling parameters on work-roll temperature distribution in the hot rolling of steels

Temperature variations of work-rolls in the process of hot rolling of slabs were analyzed by solving heat conduction equation with time-dependent boundary conditions. The Raylieght-Ritz and the finite-element methods were employed to solve the governing equation. To improve the accuracy, the thermal relationship between rolling metal and work-rolls was taken into account as well as the effects of different parameters such as interface heat transfer coefficient, rolling speed, and slab initial temperature were considered in the calculations. To verify the employed model, a comparison was made between the predicted and the recorded time-temperature history and good agreement was observed. Modelling results show that the interface heat transfer coefficient and rolling speed are important factors that vary effectively the temperature field within the work-roll. In addition, the interface heat transfer coefficient is affected by the other parameters and factors such as flow stress behavior of the metal being rolled and initial temperature of metal. Therefore, in order to determine an accurate temperature field within the work-rolls, flow behavior and temperature distribution in the rolling metal should also be calculated at the same time.     

Predicting polygonal-shaped defects during hot ring rolling using a rigid-viscoplastic finite element method

We applied a rigid-viscoplastic finite element method to investigate polygonal-shaped defects that occur during ring rolling and developed an improved analysis model with relatively fine finite elements near the roll gap to reduce the computational time, along with a scheme to minimize the volume change. We also simulated the formation of a polygonal-shaped defect during hot ring rolling of a ball bearing outer race. The results were in good qualitative agreement with actual experimental phenomena.     

A combined upper bound and finite element model for prediction of velocity and temperature fields during hot rolling process

In this work, velocity field and temperature distribution during hot strip rolling are predicted, employing a combined upper bound and finite element analysis. At first, a velocity field is proposed utilizing the principle of volume constancy, and then the velocity field is modified by means of upper bound theorem. At the same time, a thermal-finite element analysis is utilized to determine temperature distribution within the metal as well as to calculate the flow stress of deforming material. The model is capable of considering the effects of different factors on temperature and velocity distributions such as rolling speed and interface heat transfer coefficient. In order to verify the predictions, the calculated time-temperature curves as well as roll forces have been compared with the measured ones and a good agreement has been observed. The main advantage of the present model is that the model requires relatively lower computational effort in comparison with the required one in standard finite element codes.     

Unsteady state work-roll temperature distribution during continuous hot slab rolling

Predicting temperature distributions in the work-rolls during the hot slab rolling process is of great importance to mill designers. This is because the temperature distribution and the dimensional accuracy of the slab being rolled are both dependent on the work-roll temperature. In addition, the life of the roll is also a function of its own temperature distribution. In this paper, the unsteady state heat transfer equations with time dependent boundary conditions are coupled with a two-dimensional finite element method to predict the work-roll temperature distribution during the continuous hot slab rolling process. To achieve an accurate temperature field, the effects of various factors including the thermal relationships of the work-roll and the metal slab, the idling work-roll revolutions, the rolling speed, the slab/roll interfacial heat transfer coefficient, and the magnitude of the thickness reduction of the slab at each deformation pass are taken into account. Comparisons between the predicted and published experimental results are used to illustrate the validity of the mathematical model.     

基于数值模拟的线材轧制成形过程研究

通过对线材热连轧过程传热关系进行分析,利用热力耦合弹塑性有限元方法建立了线材与轧辊的三维数值计算模型,结合热轧生产线的实际情况,对高速线材轧制生产线预精轧区六道次轧制过程中的温度场、轧制力与轧制力矩进行了模拟计算。分析了变形区内温度场的分布和变化规律,探讨了轧制过程中所涉及的几何、材料和边界条件等多重强非线性问题,计算结果为生产工艺制度的改进、工艺参数的优化以及微观组织变化规律的研究提供了理论依据,对现场生产也有重要的参考价值。     

2124铝合金超厚板热轧过程温度场的数值模拟

根据在Gleeble-1500热模拟试验机上得到的数据,在Marc软件中建立了2124铝合金的数据库;采用二维弹塑性大变形有限元法,对该铝合金超厚板热轧过程进行了数值模拟,分析了热轧过程中轧件温度场的分布和变化规律.结果表明:在整个轧制过程中,轧件内部节点的温度变化缓慢,而表面节点的温度变化较为剧烈;模拟计算的出口处板坯表面温度(431℃)与实测的表面温度(436℃)吻合较好.     

Analysis of the roll hunting force due to hardness in a hot rolling process

A hot rolling operation is performed to alter the thickness of a metal by passing the material through a pair of rollers, forming a gap that is somewhat narrower than the thickness of the material. Therefore, the quality of the product is a function of the pressure applied by the rollers. However, in this process, a roll hunting force occurs in which the rolling force is irregularly changed during the rotation of the rollers due to various complex mechanisms, which include roll surface hardness, difference in rotational speed between rolls, heat treatment conditions, and roll wear. In this study, roll wear tests were conducted to analyze the roll hunting force caused by variation in the hardness of the work roll. The friction coefficient of the work roll was then examined based on hardness. Then, a two-dimensional finite element model was constructed to investigate the roll hunting force as a function of the change in friction coefficient of the work roll. This finite element model was verified in relation to the theoretical rolling expression. Finite element model analysis was performed for three friction coefficients, and the effect of the roll hunting force was determined based on the reduction ratio and temperature. In addition, the wear depth of the work roll by the hardness was predicted. The influence of the abrasion of the work roll on the hunting force was analyzed.

     

Analysis of plate rolling using the dual-stream function method and cylindrical coordinates

A mathematical model for plate rolling using the dual-stream function method and cylindrical coordinates has been proposed in this work to examine the plastic-deformation behavior of the plate at the roll gap. The velocity fields derived from this newly developed dual-stream function can automatically satisfy the volume constancy and the velocity boundary conditions within the roll gap. In the formulation, an inclined rigid-plastic boundary plane at the entrance of the roll gap is considered. Although this effect can be easily included in a finite element method, the demanding amount of memory and the computer time by an FEM approach makes it impractical as a personal computer routine. By this model, effects of various forming parameters such as the roll diameter, thickness of the plate, the friction factor, the aspect ratio of the plate, etc., upon the width spread of the product and the rolling power were discussed systematically. Furthermore, experiments on plate rolling using aluminum sheets were carried out. From the comparison between the analytical and experimental results, it is clear that this model can offer useful knowledge in designing the pass-schedule of plate rolling process.