Towards secure and efficient user authentication scheme using smart card for multi-server environments

Two user authentication schemes for multi-server environments have been proposed by Tsai and Wang et al., respectively. However, there are some flaws existing in both schemes. Therefore, a new scheme for improving these drawbacks is proposed in this paper. The proposed scheme has the following benefits: (1) it complies with all the requirements for multi-server environments; (2) it can withstand all the well-known attacks at the present time; (3) it is equipped with a more secure key agreement procedure; and (4) it is quite efficient in terms of the cost of computation and transmission. In addition, the analysis and comparisons show that the proposed scheme outperforms the other related schemes in various aspects.     

Mutual authentication scheme for smart devices in IoT-enabled smart home systems

The emergence of Internet of Things (IoT) technology has yielded a firm technical basis for the construction of a smart home. A smart home system offers occupants the convenience of remote control and automation of household systems. However, there are also potential security risks associated with smart home technologies. The security of users in a smart home environment is related to their life and possessions. A significant amount of research has been devoted to studying the security risks associated with IoT-enabled smart home systems. The increasing intelligence of devices has led to a trend of independent authentication between devices in smart homes. Therefore, mutual authentication for smart devices is essential in smart home systems. In this paper, a mutual authentication scheme is proposed for smart devices in IoT-enabled smart home systems. Signature updates are provided for each device. In addition, with the assistance of a home gateway, the proposed scheme can enable devices to verify the identity of each other. According to the analysis, the proposed scheme is secure against a forged SD or a semi-trusted HG. The computational cost of the proposed scheme in the simulation is acceptable for the application in smart home systems.     

A strong user authentication scheme with smart cards for wireless communications

Seamless roaming over wireless network is highly desirable to mobile users, and security such as authentication of mobile users is challenging. Recently, due to tamper-resistance and convenience in managing a password file, some smart card based secure authentication schemes have been proposed. This paper shows some security weaknesses in those schemes. As the main contribution of this paper, a secure and light-weight authentication scheme with user anonymity is presented. It is simple to implement for mobile user since it only performs a symmetric encryption/decryption operation. Having this feature, it is more suitable for the low-power and resource-limited mobile devices. In addition, it requires four message exchanges between mobile user, foreign agent and home agent. Thus, this protocol enjoys both computation and communication efficiency as compared to the well-known authentication schemes. As a special case, we consider the authentication protocol when a user is located in his/her home network. Also, the session key will be used only once between the mobile user and the visited network. Besides, security analysis demonstrates that our scheme enjoys important security attributes such as preventing the various kinds of attacks, single registration, user anonymity, no password/verifier table, and high efficiency in password authentication, etc. Moreover, one of the new features in our proposal is: it is secure in the case that the information stored in the smart card is disclosed but the user password of the smart card owner is unknown to the attacker. To the best of our knowledge, until now no user authentication scheme for wireless communications has been proposed to prevent from smart card breach. Finally, performance analysis shows that compared with known smart card based authentication protocols, our proposed scheme is more simple, secure and efficient.     

增强的基于智能卡的远程用户认证协议

基于智能卡的远程用户认证协议比基于口令的安全协议能提供更好的安全性。2011年Chen等提出一种对Hsiang-Shih方案改进的基于智能卡的远程认证协议,并称解决了相关方案中存在的各种攻击问题。指出Chen等方案仍然存在着内部攻击、丢失智能卡攻击、重放攻击和身份冒充攻击,并针对基于口令和智能卡的远程认证协议类存在的离线口令猜测攻击提出一种基于智能卡和椭圆曲线离散对数问题的认证协议。该协议能抵抗提到的所有攻击,在登陆和认证阶段只需要一个点乘运算。     

A remote user authentication scheme without using smart cards

User authentication is one of the fundamental procedures to ensure secure communications over an insecure public network channel. Especially, due to tamper-resistance and convenience in managing a password file, various user authentication schemes using smart cards have been proposed. A smart card however far from ubiquitous because of the high cost of a smart card and the infrastructure requirements. In this paper, we study secure user authentication using only a common storage device such as a universal serial bus (USB) memory, instead of using smart cards. We first show that the existing schemes using smart cards cannot be immediately converted into schemes using a common storage device. We then propose a practical and secure user authentication scheme, capable of supporting the use of the common storage device, which retains all the advantages of schemes using smart cards.     

An efficient biometrics-based remote user authentication scheme using smart cards

In this paper, we propose an efficient biometric-based remote user authentication scheme using smart cards, in which the computation cost is relatively low compared with other related schemes. The security of the proposed scheme is based on the one-way hash function, biometrics verification and smart card. Moreover, the proposed scheme enables the user to change their passwords freely and provides mutual authentication between the users and the remote server. In addition, many remote authentication schemes use timestamps to resist replay attacks. Therefore, synchronized clock is required between the user and the remote server. In our scheme, it does not require synchronized clocks between two entities because we use random numbers in place of timestamps.     

An enhanced smart card based remote user password authentication scheme

Smart card based password authentication is one of the simplest and efficient authentication mechanisms to ensure secure communication in insecure network environments. Recently, Chen et al. have pointed out the weaknesses of some password authentication schemes and proposed a robust smart card based remote user password authentication scheme to improve the security. As per their claims, their scheme is efficient and can ensure forward secrecy of the session key. However, we find that Chen et al.'s scheme cannot really ensure forward secrecy, and it cannot detect the wrong password in login phase. Besides, the password change phase of Chen et al.'s scheme is unfriendly and inefficient since the user has to communicate with the server to update his/her password. In this paper, we propose a modified smart card based remote user password authentication scheme to overcome the aforementioned weaknesses. The analysis shows that our proposed scheme is user friendly and more secure than other related schemes.     

基于智能卡的动态身份认证协议

认证协议是确保服务器和用户通过公开网络进行安全通信的一个重要手段。针对2013年皮兰等提出的一种改进的基于智能卡的远程异步认证协议,指出皮兰等方案缺乏匿名性且对拒绝服务(Do S)攻击是脆弱的,并给出一种新的认证方案。新方案采用动态登录身份保护用户的匿名性和三次握手技术抵抗D o S攻击,通过安全性证明和性能分析说明了新协议的高效性。     

一种改进的智能卡远程用户匿名认证方案

针对Sonwanshi提出的远程用户认证方案存在会话密钥安全性差、不能抵御扮演攻击和离线口令猜测攻击的缺陷,提出了一种改进方案,主要在注册和登录阶段增加了安全性能。在注册阶段,用户口令直接在智能卡内进行相应运算,不再提交给服务器。这不仅降低了服务器对口令存储、维护的开销,而且避免了服务器对用户的攻击,提高了安全性能。在登录阶段,采用随机数的挑战应答方式取代原方案的时间戳方式,消除了时钟不同步导致的认证失败。对原方案、改进方案和其他同类方案进行安全性和效率分析的结果表明,改进方案不仅弥补了原方案的缺陷,而且相对同类方案,降低了时间复杂度,适用于安全需求高、处理能力低的设备。     

基于智能卡的远程用户匿名身份认证和密钥协商方案

分析了Li-Niu等(LI X, NIU J W, KHAN M K, et al. An enhanced smart card based remote user password authentication scheme［J］. Journal of Network and Computer Applications, 2013, 36(5):1365-1371.)基于智能卡的远程用户登录认证方案,指出了方案中存在的安全性问题,并提出了改进方案。新方案利用一种自认证的时间戳技术,与对称加密技术相结合,解决了多数智能卡方案中存在的时钟同步问题。与Li-Niu方案相比,新方案不仅可以提供用户的匿名登录,而且能够抵抗扮演攻击和内部攻击,适用于复杂的网络环境。     

A lightweight authentication scheme with user untraceability

With the rapid growth of electronic commerce and associated demands on variants of Internet based applications,application systems providing network resources and business services are in high demand around the world.To guarantee robust security and computational efficiency for service retrieval,a variety of authentication schemes have been proposed.However,most of these schemes have been found to be lacking when subject to a formal security analysis.Recently,Chang et al.(2014) introduced a formally provable secure authentication protocol with the property of user-untraceability.Unfortunately,based on our analysis,the proposed scheme fails to provide the property of user-untraceability as claimed,and is insecure against user impersonation attack,server counterfeit attack,and man-in-the-middle attack.In this paper,we demonstrate the details of these malicious attacks.A security enhanced authentication scheme is proposed to eliminate all identified weaknesses.     

Improved remote authentication scheme with smart card

In 2003, Wu and Chieu proposed a user-friendly remote authentication scheme with smart card. In the scheme, a user can freely choose and change his/her password. In this article, we will show a forgery attack on the Wu–Chieu scheme and propose an improvement to resist the security flaw.     

一种增强的基于智能卡的远程身份鉴别方案

分析了Lee-Chiu等人基于智能卡的身份鉴别方案,指出了方案中存在的安全性问题,并提出了改进方案。与Lee-Chiu等人的方案相比,该方案不仅能够提供用户、服务器之间双向身份鉴别,而且能够抵抗重放攻击、猜测攻击和假冒攻击,增强了应用系统的安全性。     

Cryptanalysis and improvement on two efficient remote user authentication scheme using smart cards

In 2002, Chien et al. proposed an efficient remote authentication scheme using smart cards, in which only few hashing operations are required. Later, Ku et al. gave an improved scheme to repair the security pitfalls found in Chien et al.'s scheme. Also Yoon et al. presented an enhancement on Ku et al.'s scheme. In this paper, we show that both Ku et al.'s scheme and Yoon et al.'s scheme are still vulnerable to the guessing attack, forgery attack and denial of service (DoS) attack. In addition, their schemes lack efficiency when users input wrong passwords. To remedy these flaws, this paper proposes an efficient improvement over Ku et al.'s and Yoon et al.'s schemes with more security. The computation cost, security, and efficiency of the improved scheme are embarking for the real application in the resource-limited environment.     

对Liao等人身份鉴别方案的分析与改进

基于智能卡的身份鉴别是一种双因子鉴别,被广泛应用于鉴别远程用户的身份。2006年,Liao等人提出了一种基于智能卡的身份鉴别方案。在目前身份鉴别研究的基础上,分析指出了Liao等人方案存在的安全漏洞,并对方案作了改进,改进后的方案不仅保持了Liao等人方案的优点,而且极大地增强了系统的高效性、安全性和实用性。     

A secure dynamic ID based remote user authentication scheme for multi-server environment using smart cards

Recently, Hsiang et al. pointed out that Liao-Wang’s dynamic ID based remote user authentication scheme for multi-server environment is vulnerable to insider attack, masquerade attack, server spoofing attack, registration center attack and is not easily reparable. Besides, Liao-Wang’s scheme cannot achieve mutual authentication. For this, Hsiang et al. proposed an improved scheme to overcome these weaknesses and claimed that their scheme is efficient, secure, and suitable for the practical application environment. However, we observe that Hsiang et al.’s scheme is still vulnerable to a masquerade attack, server spoofing attack, and is not easily reparable. Furthermore, it cannot provide mutual authentication. Therefore, in this paper we propose an improved scheme to solve these weaknesses.     

An efficient secure authentication scheme with user anonymity for roaming user in ubiquitous networks

Peer-to-Peer Networking and Applications - Recently the advances in a variety of hardware/software technologies and wireless networking have brought explosive growth of mobile network/device...     

改进的基于智能卡的远程异步认证协议

远程认证协议允许远程服务器和用户通过不安全信道实现相互认证。唐宏斌等指出Chen等方案的基于智能卡的远程认证协议存在着一些安全问题,如丢失智能卡攻击,重放攻击等,并且提出一种基于智能卡的远程认证协议,为了抵抗重放攻击而引入时间戳机制。提出一种改进的基于智能卡的远程异步认证方案,在能抵抗提到的所有攻击条件下,不需要考虑时钟同步问题而能抵抗重放攻击,使操作更简单且未增加计算性能代价。     

A user friendly authentication scheme with anonymity for wireless communications

Secure user authentication is an important issue for wireless environment such as GSM, CDPD, and 3G and 4G wireless systems. Especially, anonymity of the mobile users should be guaranteed to protect the privacy of the mobile users. This paper proposes a user friendly authentication scheme with anonymity for wireless communications that not only can overcome the weaknesses of the previous related schemes, but also can provide efficiency and security to suitable for battery-powered mobile devices in wireless communication systems.     

More secure remote user authentication scheme

Recently, Yoon and Yoo proposed a remote user authentication scheme which is an improvement on Lee–Kim–Yoo’s method. However, we find out that Yoon–Yoo’s scheme easily reveals a user’s password and is vulnerable to both masquerading user attack and masquerading server attack. Yoon–Yoo’s scheme is also exposed to stolen verifier attack, because it has to maintain a user database in a remote server. This paper proposes a new remote user authentication scheme that resolves all aforementioned problems, while keeping the merits of Yoon–Yoo’s scheme.