逆境下茶树叶绿体的理化特征研究进展

在逆境下,茶树叶绿体脂质过氧化程度加剧,会积累较多丙二醛,增强超氧化物歧化酶活性;活性氧代谢改变,致使抗氧化酶活性升高,一些毒害类物质(O_2~-、H_2O_2等)增多,一些非酶抗氧化性物质减少;并且叶绿体的类囊体和基粒片层等超微结构也发生变化。同时,通过施用抗坏血酸等外源物质能一定程度上减轻逆境对叶绿体造成的损伤。然而,有关茶鲜叶中的叶绿体在加工中的变化特征研究相对较少,不利于深度解析机械胁迫对乌龙茶品质的影响。本文通过对茶树叶绿体的生理生化响应特征的阶段性研究文献综述,阐明水分胁迫、光照胁迫、氟胁迫等非生物胁迫对茶树叶绿体的影响。本文进行乌龙茶加工中叶绿体的理化特征研究,期待从细胞器水平上研究乌龙茶加工原理。     

The effects of moderately oxidised dietary oil with or without vitamin E supplementation on performance, nutrient digestibility, some blood traits, lipid peroxidation and antioxidant defence of male broilers

BACKGROUND: The experiment was conducted to determine the effects of dietary supplementation of oxidised oil with or without vitamin E on performance, nutrient digestibility, some blood traits, lipid peroxidation and antioxidant defence system of male broilers. RESULTS: The supplementation of oxidised oil with or without vitamin E to the grower diets did not significantly affect performance, the pH and viscosity values of excreta and nutrient digestibilities in male broilers. Oxidised oil supplementation slightly increased plasma triglyceride and cholesterol concentrations but did not alter plasma glucose concentration. Although malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide concentrations tended to be higher in the oxidised oil group, these increases were not significant. Birds fed the diet containing oxidised oil had significantly lower superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. However, no differences were observed in glutathione peroxidase (GSH‐Px) activity and uric acid concentrations of broilers fed oxidised oil as compared to the control group. Dietary vitamin E supplementation decreased MDA concentration whereas increasing SOD activity, suggesting that vitamin E supplementation reduced susceptibility to lipid peroxidation. CONCLUSION: The results showed that a milder oxidative stress occurred by supplementation of moderately oxidised oil to the diet of broilers and vitamin E supplementation had been helpful in alleviating lipid peroxidation. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry     

善清金花茶对高脂血症小鼠的降脂作用

本研究探讨了善清金花茶对高脂血症模型小鼠体质量、血脂水平及肝功能的影响,为善清金花茶的开发和应用提供了科学依据。选取C57BL/6雄性小鼠40只,随机分为5组:空白对照组、模型组、阳性对照组、善清金花茶低、高剂量组。空白对照喂食普通饲料,其余各组采用高脂饲料喂养法制备高脂血症模型。经口灌胃给药8周后,测定各组小鼠的体质量、肝重、血清血脂水平、肝脏中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)及丙二醛(MDA)的含量。结果显示,与模型组相比,经善清金花茶低剂量组给药后小鼠的总胆固醇(total cholesterol,TC)、甘油三酯(triglyceride,TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(low-density lipoprotein cholesterol,LDL-C)分别降低了20%、16.08%、21.54%,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(high-density lipoprotein cholesterol,HDL-C)提高了27.60%,动脉粥样硬化指数(atherosclerosis index,AI)及肝脏指数显著降低,肝脏组织中的SOD活性提高了19.29%,MDA含量降低了16.27%。可见善清金花茶具有调节高脂血症小鼠的血脂水平及保护肝脏的作用。     

苦荞对高脂膳食诱导小鼠血脂代谢及组织氧化还原的影响

随着人民生活水平的提高,膳食结构发生了巨大的变化,膳食中油脂的比例不断增多,可诱发血脂代谢紊 乱与氧化应激,影响肠道菌群平衡,危害人体健康。本研究通过建立高脂膳食诱发血脂代谢紊乱小鼠模型,探究苦 荞主要营养成分（蛋白质、淀粉、黄酮类化合物）对高脂膳食诱导的脂代谢紊乱小鼠的血脂、肝脂和氧化还原能力 的影响及其相互关系。实验结果表明：与高脂组相比,苦荞主要营养成分（蛋白质、淀粉、黄酮类化合物）能够降 低小鼠空腹血糖水平,提高胰岛素敏感指数;使脂代谢紊乱小鼠的血浆总胆固醇、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇 浓度以及动脉硬化指数显著下降（P＜0.05）,同时能够提高血浆总抗氧化能力以及过氧化氢酶和超氧化物歧化酶 活力,降低肝脏中脂质过氧化反应产物丙二醛含量。总之,苦荞主要营养成分具有调节血脂、减轻肝肿大、提高抗 氧化能力的生物活性,可以预防脂代谢紊乱,从而一定程度上抑制血脂的紊乱及组织的氧化应激。     

山西老陈醋醋泥冻干粉对高脂饮食小鼠的降血脂与抗氧化作用

醋泥是老陈醋在陈酿过程中产生的沉淀物。本研究测定山西老陈醋醋泥冻干粉的化学成分,评价醋泥冻干粉作为膳食补充剂对高脂血症小鼠的降血脂和抗氧化作用。用醋泥冻干粉以1%或5%的剂量饲喂高脂或正常饮食的小鼠35 d,测定小鼠的各项血液生理生化指标。结果表明：补充醋泥冻干粉的高脂饮食组小鼠血清甘油三酯、总胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平显著下降,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平显著升高,同时小鼠血清脂质过氧化产物丙二醛含量显著减少,红细胞超氧化物歧化酶和血清过氧化氢酶的活性显著升高。补充醋泥冻干粉的正常饮食组小鼠血清脂质水平没有显著变化,但脂质过氧化作用明显减少。山西老陈醋醋泥冻干粉对高脂饮食小鼠具有显著的降血脂和抗氧化作用,这种有益作用可能归功于老陈醋醋泥冻干粉中含有的多糖、类黑精、多肽、膳食纤维、总多酚、总黄酮和川芎嗪等活性物质。     

EFFECTS OF ORAL CHONDROITIN SULFATE ON LIPID AND ANTIOXIDANT METABOLISMS IN RATS FED A HIGH-FAT DIET

This study aimed at determining the effects of purified chondroitin sulfate (ChS) from pig laryngeal cartilage on the lipid and antioxidant metabolisms of male Sprague‐Dawley rats that are fed a high‐fat diet. Thirty‐two male rats were divided into four groups and fed for 5 weeks on a standard diet, a high‐fat diet or a high‐fat diet plus ChS. It was demonstrated that the high‐fat diet provoked lipid peroxidation and induced a severe depletion of lipoprotein lipase, hepatic lipidase, glutathione, catalase and superoxide dismutase levels. ChS was effective in reducing triglycerides, total cholesterol, low‐density‐lipid cholesterol and malondialdehyde levels elevated by the high‐fat diet. In addition, ChS might reduce the risk of atherosclerosis, as high‐density‐lipid cholesterol, lipoprotein lipase, hepatic lipidase and the ratio of high‐density‐lipoprotein cholesterol to total cholesterol were significantly higher than in the high‐fat‐diet rats. ChS restored the endogenous antioxidants glutathione, catalase and superoxide dismutase. These results showed that ChS was potent in lipid‐lowering and altering the antioxidative enzyme; however, excess ChS would disturb lipid profiles that went beyond the normal limits.     

麦绿素对实验性高脂血症大鼠血脂及MDA、SOD、ET-1、NO的影响

研究麦绿素对食饵性高脂血症大鼠血脂及血浆丙二醛(MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、内皮素1(ET-1)、一氧化氮(NO)的影响。SD大鼠32只,随机均分为四组,即正常八周对照组(8NC)、高脂模型八周组(8HF)、高脂模型四周后再加低剂量麦绿素治疗四周组(BG-L)和高脂模型四周后再加高剂量麦绿素治疗四周组(BG-H)。检测大鼠血脂及血浆MDA、SOD、ET-1、NO的变化。结果表明,麦绿素治疗组同高脂模型八周组比较,血浆总胆固醇(TC)和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)的含量降低,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)的含量升高;血浆SOD活性和NO含量明显升高,而MDA和ET-1含量明显降低;提示麦绿素具有降血脂、抗氧化和改善血管内皮功能的作用。     

乌龙茶抗氧化活性研究态势

乌龙茶是我国的特种茶类, 历史悠久, 具有独特的风味和丰富的营养价值及保健功效。抗氧化作用一直是乌龙茶保健功能研究的重要内容, 国内外在这方面也开展了大量研究,并取得了一定成果。近年来, 关于乌龙茶抗氧化能力的物质基础和抗氧化机制也日渐被揭示。乌龙茶茶叶中如茶多酚、茶多糖、茶色素、维生素等有机成分, 以及锌、锰、铜和硒等微量元素都具抗氧化作用, 对羟自由基、超氧阴离子自由基、DPPH自由基均具有一定的清除效果, 并且能有效抑制脂质过氧化, 提高机体抗氧化能力。本文综述了抗氧化检测方法在茶叶中的应用, 以及近年来关于乌龙茶抗氧化活性的研究进展, 并探讨了未来乌龙茶抗氧化研究发展方向以及应用前景。     

Hypocholesterolaemic and antioxidant effects of Glycyrrhiza glabra (Linn) in rats

The hypocholesterolaemic and antioxidant effects of Glycyrrhiza glabra (GG) root powder were examined in hypercholesterolaemic male albino rats. A 4-week administration of GG root powder (5 and 10 gm% in diet) to hypercholesterolaemic rats resulted in significant reduction in plasma, hepatic total lipids, cholesterol, triglycerides and plasma low-density lipoprotein and VLDL-cholesterol accompanied by significant increases in HDL-cholesterol levels. Furthermore, significant increases in fecal cholesterol, neutral sterols and bile acid excretion along with an increase in hepatic HMG-CoA reductase activity and bile acid production were observed in these animals. The root powder administration to hypercholesterolaemic rats also decreased hepatic lipid peroxidation with a concomitant increase in superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase activities and total ascorbic acid content. Thus, the hypocholesterolaemic and antioxidant effects of GG root appeared to be mediated via (i) accelerated cholesterol, neutral sterol and bile acid elimination through fecal matter with an increased hepatic bile acid production and (ii) improving the activities of hepatic SOD, catalase and increasing the ascorbic acid content. The normo-cholesterolaemic animals when fed with GG root powder at 10 gm% level, registered a significant decline in plasma lipid profiles and an increase in HDL-cholesterol content. The antioxidant status of these animals also was improved upon treatment.     

Anti‐obesity effect of Liupao tea extract by modulating lipid metabolism and oxidative stress in high‐fat‐diet‐induced obese mice

Liupao tea (LPT) is traditional dark Chinese tea. The effect of LPT extract on high‐fat‐diet‐induced obese mice was investigated systematically. The results showed that LPT extract could reduce body weight and significantly alleviate liver damage and fat accumulation. LPT could also decrease the levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (AKP), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), and low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C) and increase the level of high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL‐C) in the liver. It also decreased the serum levels of inflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF‐α), interferon gamma (IFN‐γ), interleukin (IL)‐1β, and IL‐6 and increased the serum levels of anti‐inflammatory cytokines, including IL‐10 and IL‐4. Moreover, LPT improved the levels of total superoxide dismutase (T‐SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH‐Px), and catalase (CAT) and reduced the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the liver. Moreover, LPT could upregulate the mRNA and protein expressions of peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor alpha (PPAR‐α), lipoprotein lipase (LPL), carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1(CPT1), and cholesterol 7 alpha‐hydroxylase (CYP7A1) and downregulate those of PPAR‐γ and CCAAT/enhancer‐binding protein alpha (C/EBP‐α) in the liver. It also increased the mRNA expression of copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (SOD1), manganese superoxide dismutase (SOD2), CAT, gamma‐glutamylcysteine synthetase 1 (GSH1), and GSH‐Px. The components of LPT extract include catechin, rutin, taxifolin, and astragalin, which possibly have a wide range of biological activities. In conclusion, our work verified that LPT extract possessed an anti‐obesity effect and alleviated obesity‐related symptoms, including lipid metabolism disorder, chronic low‐grade inflammation, and liver damage, by modulating lipid metabolism and oxidative stress.     

Antihyperlipidemic effect of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) protein isolate in rats fed a normal and high cholesterol diet

The dietary influence of sesame protein isolate (protein content 91.5%), produced from dehulled, defatted sesame meal, on blood and tissue lipid profile and lipid peroxidation has been assessed in normal and hypercholesterolemic rats. To evaluate their hypocholesterolemic and antioxidative activity in vivo, we fed 18% sesame protein isolate with or without 2% cholesterol in comparison with casein to rats for 28 d. We determined plasma total protein, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol, triacylglycerol as well as susceptibility of plasma and erythrocyte membrane lipid to oxidation ex vivo. Liver tissue lipid, cholesterol, phospholipids, and lipid peroxidations were also determined. The total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and triacylglycerol levels were significantly reduced in the sesame protein isolate and isolate containing cholesterol group than the corresponding control casein groups. HDL-cholesterol level was also increased in sesame protein isolate (41%) and protein isolate containing cholesterol group (38%) than the corresponding control casein and casein containing cholesterol groups. There was 49% and 64% lowering of plasma lipid peroxidation as well as 36% and 56% lowering of lipoprotein oxidation susceptibility (LOS) in the 2 experimental groups (sesame protein isolate and isolate containing cholesterol group) than the corresponding control (casein and casein containing cholesterol) groups. There was significant lowering of erythrocyte membrane lipid peroxidation (68% and 63% lowering in sesame protein isolate and isolate containing cholesterol groups) and liver lipid peroxidation (61% and 76% lowering in the 2 experimental groups than the corresponding control casein groups). Therefore, our results indicate that sesame protein isolate decreases cholesterol concentration in plasma, increases HDL-cholesterol, and also decreases plasma and erythrocyte membrane lipid peroxidation with or without cholesterol fed diet in rats.     

茯砖茶水提物对高脂血症小鼠脂质代谢的影响 及其抗氧化作用的研究

目的考察茯砖茶的降血脂及肝保护作用。方法用高脂饲料饲喂小鼠建立高脂血症动物模型,以不同剂量(50 mg/kg·BW、150 mg/kg·BW、300 mg/kg·BW)茯砖茶水提物给小鼠每天灌胃,连续4周后检测血清中总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)水平。同时观察其对肝组织谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)、体重、肝体比及肝组织病理变化的影响。结果结果显示,与模型组相比,茯砖茶水提物可呈剂量依赖性地降低血清中TC、TG、LDL-C的水平,提高HDL-C的含量。茯砖茶水提物还可以显著降低小鼠体重、肝体比及肝组织中MDA含量,极显著提高肝组织中GSH-Px和SOD活性,并减轻了肝脏的脂肪变性程度。结论茯砖茶水提物有较明显地改善脂质代谢和抗氧化的作用。     

Effects of trypsin inhibitor on plasma antioxidant activity and lipid levels in mice from sweet potato roots

BACKGROUND: Several inflammatory diseases are thought to be related to oxidative injury and reactive oxygen species have been proposed as important causative agents of heart disease and ageing. This study was designed to investigate the effects of sweet potato trypsin inhibitor (SPTI) on antioxidant enzymes, lipid peroxidation and lipid profiles in mice. RESULTS: Twenty mice were randomly divided into four groups and fed with TI (10, 50 and 100 mg kg^?1 BW) as treatment and with saline as a control in addition to regular diets. After 35 days, Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC), triglyceride (TG) and cholesterol levels in plasma and superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) in liver were measured. Serum from the group that had received the the highest oral dose of SPTI (100 mg kg^?1 BW) had the highest total antioxidant activity (expressed as 3.59 ± 0.237 mmol L^?1 TEAC). The SOD, catalase and GPx activity of SPTI groups were significantly increased compared with the control group. Malondialdehyde (MDA) was significantly lower in all experimental groups compared with the control one. No significant differences in the concentration of low‐density lipoprotein (LDL)‐cholesterol was found, but high density lipoprotein (HDL)‐cholesterol, triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol tended to decrease. CONCLUSION: This study showed that the oral intake of SPTI in mice may trigger inflammatory responses which result in an increase in antioxidant enzyme activities, and a decrease in MDA, TG and total cholesterol, which are known risk factors of inflammatory and heart disease. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry     

大豆异黄酮抗家兔动脉粥样硬化作用

研究大豆异黄酮(ISF)对动脉粥样硬化家兔血浆脂蛋白抗脂质过氧化作用的影响。高脂饲料喂养法建立家兔动脉粥样硬化模型,连续给药8周后,处死动物,观察主动脉壁横切面病理变化。分离血浆脂蛋白,观察各血浆脂蛋白过氧化脂质(LPO)含量及低密度脂蛋白(LDL)氧化易感性的变化。结果表明：ISF可减轻高脂饲料诱导的动脉粥样硬化家兔主动脉病理变化;显著降低家兔血浆总胆固醇(TC)和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-CH)水平(P＜0.05);显著降低血浆总LPO和脂蛋白LPO含量(P＜0.05);在体外进行氧化修饰时,延长LDL氧化延滞时间。提示,ISF可降低动脉粥样硬化家兔LDL胆固醇水平和脂质过氧化程度,增强LDL抗氧化修饰能力,因此能够起到防治动脉粥样硬化症的积极作用。     

二十八烷醇抗大鼠心肌线粒体损伤的研究

目的　采用乳化二十八烷醇饲育Wistar大鼠 ,研究二十八烷醇对力竭运动大鼠心肌线粒体脂质过氧化、抗氧化系统及Ca2 + 浓度的影响。方法　Wistar大鼠随机分成三组 ,即 :安静对照组、运动力竭组、运动力竭加二十八烷醇组 ,每组 12只 ,实验期 3W ,建立力竭运动模型 ,测定心肌线粒体中丙二醛 (MDA)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH -Px)和超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD)活性、Ca2 + 浓度。结果　二十八烷醇能够 :降低力竭运动大鼠心肌线粒体中MDA的含量 (P <0 0 5 ) ;提高力竭运动大鼠心肌线粒体SOD和GSH -Px的活性 (P <0 0 1,P <0 0 5 ) ;保持力竭运动大鼠心肌线粒体Ca2 + 浓度。结论　二十八烷醇可减少力竭运动后因脂质过氧化而产生过多的自由基 ,降低自由基对心肌线粒体的损伤 ,维持细胞膜的功能 ,说明二十八烷醇有保护心肌线粒体的功能和防止心肌损伤的作用。     

Effect of protein hydrolysates from sardinelle (Sardinella aurita) on the oxidative status and blood lipid profile of cholesterol-fed rats

This study was designed to test the hypolipidemic properties and antioxidative activities of sardinelle (Sardinella aurita) protein hydrolysates (SPHs) obtained by treatment with crude enzyme preparations from Bacillus pumilus A1(SPHA1), Bacillus mojavensis A21(SPHA21) and crude enzyme extract from sardinelle viscera (SPHEE).Wistar rats were fed during 7 weeks a standard laboratory diet, a cholesterol-enriched diet (1%) or a cholesterol SPH-enriched diet. The hypercholesterolemic diet induced the elevation of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). Supplementing cholesterol-enriched diet with SPHs or whole sardinelle protein (WSP) at a concentration of 5% (w/w) increased the serum level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and HDL-C/TC ratio and decreased the serum levels of TC, TG, LDL-C and LDL-C/HDL-C ratio significantly.The thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) level, as an indicator of lipid peroxidation, and the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and catalase (CAT) were examined. The hepatic antioxidant enzymes activities were significantly decreased and the malondialdehyde (MDA) level was increased in rats fed a cholesterol-enriched diet compared to those fed a standard diet. The treatment of hypercholesterolemic (HCD) diet rats with SPHs reduced the MDA concentration and increased the antioxidant enzyme activities.These results suggested that the hypolipidemic effect of SPHs might be due to their abilities to lower serum TC, TG, and LDL-C levels as well as to their antioxidant activities preventing the lipid peroxidation process.     

Inhibitory action of purified hydroxytyrosol from stored olive mill waste on intestinal disaccharidases and lipase activities and pancreatic toxicity in diabetic rats

This study was established that after 3 months storage, olive mill waste (OMW) was enriched with hydroxytyrosol (HT) (2,652 mg/L) and contained only phenolic monomers. It also showed that HT supplementation to surviving diabetic rats decreases considerably intestinal maltase, lactase, sucrose, and lipase activities by 49, 31, 42, and 40%, respectively. In addition, HT enhanced the superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activities by 330, 170, and 301%, respectively and reduced gluthation (GSH) level by 79% in pancreas compared to diabetic rats. Moreover, a significant decrease in the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARs) level and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity in diabetic rats pancreas by 34 and 49% respectively after administration of HT. In addition, HT improved plasma triglyceride and cholesterol levels in diabetic rats by lowering low density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol and triglycerides (TG) by 27 and 53%, respectively and increasing high density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol content by 72%. These properties of HT are interesting regarding its use as therapeutic agent in biotechnological applications, especially in developing anti-diabetic and hypocholesterolemic drugs.     

聚果多酚抗衰老作用的实验研究

目的：观察聚果多酚的抗衰老作用。方法：将 32只18个月老龄大鼠随机分为2个剂量聚果多酚(50mg/kg和100mg/kg)、VE(35mg/kg)、老龄对照组,每日分别灌胃给与相应药物或生理盐水,连续给药16d,测定心肌脂褐素(LF) 、血浆超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD)、脂质过氧化物 (MDA)及血清总胆固醇(TC)和甘油三酯(TG) 、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性。结果：给予聚果多酚大鼠血浆SOD和GSH-Px活力显著提高(p<0.01),而MDA和LF含量则明显下降(p<0.05)。结论：聚果多酚能抑制自由基损伤,防止脂质过氧化,具有明显延缓衰老作用。     

Antioxidant activity of white rice,brown rice and germinated brown rice (in vivo and in vitro) and the effects on lipid peroxidation and liver enzymes in hyperlipidaemic rabbits

Antioxidant activity of different rice extract and the effect on the levels of antioxidant enzyme activity, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), vitamin E, lipid peroxidation and liver enzymes in hyperlipidaemia rabbits were investigated. Germinated brown rice (GBR) has the highest antioxidant activity compared to white rice (WR) and brown rice (BR). All rice grains increased the activity of SOD and GPx. However, vitamin E levels increased only in the groups that received the BR and GBR diets. The reduction of lipid peroxidation levels and activity of hepatic enzymes (alanine transferase, ALT and aspartate transaminase, AST) were only significantly observed in the GBR group. In conclusion, GBR supplementation has the greatest impact on increasing antioxidant enzyme activity and vitamin E level and on reducing lipid peroxidation in hypercholesterolaemia rabbit, thereby preventing the formation of atherosclerotic plaques. Furthermore, GBR diet can also reduce the level of hepatic enzymes.     

Antioxidant, antihyperglycemic, and antihyperlipidemic effects of Coriandrum sativum leaf and stem in alloxan-induced diabetic rats

In India's indigenous system of medicine, Coriandrum sativum (CS), commonly used as a food ingredient, is claimed to be useful for various ailments. To establish its utility in diabetes mellitus, the present study evaluated the antidiabetic and antioxidant effects of CS in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. The extracts were shown to contain bioactive compounds including phenolics, flavonoids, steroids, and tannins. The extracts of CS in alloxan-induced diabetic rats were found to significantly lower blood glucose levels. Antidiabetic activity of the CS extracts was compared with the clinically available drug glibenclamide. The levels of serum total cholesterol, triglycerides, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were lower in the extract-treated group and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was higher than the diabetic control rats. The extracts of CS exhibited strong scavenging effect on 2, 2-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl free radical and inhibition of lipid peroxidation. The free radical scavenging effect of the extracts was comparable with that of the reference antioxidants. Furthermore, it also showed an improved antioxidant potential as evidenced by decreased lipid peroxidation and a significant increase in the activity of various antioxidant enzymes such as catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase in the liver of diabetic rats. These results indicate that the extracts could protect liver function and exhibited hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, and antioxidant efficacies in the diabetic rats. These results support the use of this plant extract to manage diabetes mellitus. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: The leaves and stem of this plant Coriandrum sativum if used in cuisine would be a remedy for diabetes.