压滤机入料系统MTPA—DTC效率优化方法

为了提升压滤机入料系统的实际运行效率,提出了一种将最大转矩电流比应用于直接转矩控制的效率优化方法。该方法根据实际电磁转矩的变化,在线动态地调节定子磁链的幅值,以获得单位电流幅值下的最大转矩输出效果。实验结果表明,该方法在相同的电磁转矩下仅需较小的定子电流即可实现全负载范围内的系统效率优化。     

基于最优控制策略的逆变器散热结构优化

为了提高电动汽车用永磁同步电机逆变器IGBT模块的可靠性,文章从热损耗和散热两方面对逆变器可靠性进行研究。首先通过对比分析永磁同步电机在同一工况下d轴电枢电流为零(id=0)和最大转矩电流比(MTPA)两种控制方式下逆变器中IGBT模块的损耗,发现MTPA控制策略优于id=0控制策略;接着,基于MTPA控制策略,设计了一种热管和风冷相结合的散热结构,相较原风冷散热结构,采用新型散热方式可使芯片最高工作温度降低8.49℃;最后,采用最优拉丁超立方抽样构建响应面代理模型(RSM),并采用多岛遗传算法(MIGA)对代理模型进行优化处理。经仿真验证,优化处理后的“热管+风冷”散热结构使得芯片最高温度又降低了15.12℃,有效提升了IGBT模块的热可靠性。     

基于递归神经网络定子磁链观测器的凸极同步电动机直接转矩控制系统

针对传统的凸极同步电动机直接转矩控制系统定子磁链观测器存在积分器漂移等问题,提出了一种基于递归神经网络定子磁链观测器的凸极同步电动机直接转矩控制系统的设计方案。该方案将三相电压与三相电流经3S/2S变换后得到的两相电压与电流送到已经训练好的基于递归神经网络的定子磁链观测器中,观测器的输出是定子磁链的α、β分量,即Ψsα、Ψsβ;Ψsα、Ψsβ经矢量分析器处理后得到定子磁链的幅值以及定子磁链的空间位置角,从而可准确得到定子磁链所在的扇区。仿真结果表明,与基于传统的U-I模型的凸级同步电动机直接转矩控制系统相比,该系统具有优良的动、静态性能。     

永磁同步电机模型预测转矩控制简化控制策略

传统永磁同步电机(PMSM)模型预测转矩控制(MPTC)遍历逆变器生成的全部7个电压矢量, 计算负担较大.当转矩误差较小时, 零电压矢量利用率较高, 则可当转矩误差位于阈值范围, 电机系统直接输出零电压矢量, 否则,依然遍历7个电压矢量, 并给出阈值确定方法. 基于上述策略, 本文增加了6个定子磁链扇区位置约束, 将转矩误差大于阈值时的备选电压矢量降至4个, 并增加磁链扇区数目至12个和磁链误差约束, 进一步减小备选电压矢量. 仿真结果表明, 提出的3种简化策略控制下, 永磁同步电机系统运行正常, 控制性能与传统模型预测转矩控制基本相当,平均开关频率分别降低至77.48%, 77.09%和76.12%, 平均遍历电压矢量个数分别降低至58.29%, 32.86%和29.14%.实时性实验结果表明运行时间分别减小至57.70%, 32.96%和29.48%.     

基于空间电压矢量的感应电机每安培最大转矩控制

针对感应电机的每安培最大转矩控制,分析了空间电压矢量对isd,isq变化的影响,并给出了采用空间电压矢量直接控制isd,isq变化的充分条件．在此基础上,提出了一种基于空间电压矢量的每安培最大转矩控制方案．仿真结果表明,该方案具有与直接转矩控制相似的动态性能,但在稳态效率上有很大提高。     

Voltage source inverter driven multi-phase induction machine

Multi-phase (more than three phases) drives possess several advantages over conventional three-phase drives such as: reducing the amplitude and increasing the frequency of torque pulsations, reducing the rotor harmonic currents, reducing the current per phase without increasing the voltage per phase, lowering the dc link current harmonics and higher reliability. By increasing the number of phases it is also possible to increase the power/torque per rms ampere for the same volume machine. This paper, therefore, presents a simple d–q model of a multi-phase induction machine suitable for analyzing the transient, steady state and dynamic behavior of the machine under balanced operating condition. In the analytical model, the effects of common mutual leakage reactance between the two three-phase winding sets have been included. The model has been developed in general reference frame and is suitable for analysis of the machine behavior with an arbitrary angle of displacement.     

一种永磁同步电动机的最大转矩电流比控制方法

分析了永磁同步电动机最大转矩电流比控制的原理,利用最大转矩电流关系,通过在动态初始时刻就按照定子电流最大限幅值对应的大小对交直轴电流进行分配和控制,提出了一种PMSM最大转矩电流比控制的方案,并与id=0控制方法进行了比较,证明了所提方法的有效性。     

电动汽车中永磁同步电机转速的控制

为了更好地实现对以永磁同步电机为驱动电机的电动汽车车速的控制,设计了一套基于滑模控制的永磁同步电机控制系统,并且在此基础上加入最大转矩电流比控制,对滑模控制和最大电流转矩比控制的数学模型进行了分析.仿真分析表明,加入最大转矩电流比的滑模控制系统不会受到外界变化影响,永磁同步电机能够稳定运行.同时系统响应更快,抗干扰能力大大提高,鲁棒性更强.     

永磁同步电机的级联自适应扰动观测器控制策略

受电压源逆变器非线性特性的影响,转速控制通常不能精确抑制齿槽转矩。为精确补偿齿槽转矩,提高永磁同步电机转速控制精度,提出一种级联自适应扰动观测器控制策略。首先,采用参考电流指令建立了同步旋转坐标系下逆变器死区电压模型,并通过自适应扰动观测器对其进行补偿。然后,针对齿槽转矩为转子位置的周期函数的特点,设计了速度环自适应扰动观测器,实现了对齿槽转矩的有效补偿,所提控制策略只需已知电机参数的界。仿真结果表明,所提出的控制策略能够有效抑制电机齿槽转矩、提高转速控制精度。     

Disturbance Observer Based Speed Control of PMSM Using Fractional Order PI Controller

In this paper, fractional order PI (FOPI) control is developed for speed control of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM). Designing the parameters for FOPI controller is a challenging task, especially for nonlinear systems like PMSM. All three PI controllers in the conventional vector controlled speed drive are replaced by FOPI controllers. Design of these FOPI controllers is based on the locally linearized model of PMSM around an operating point. This operating point changes with the load torque. The novelty of the work reported here is in use of Non Linear Disturbance Observer (NLDO) to estimate load torque to obtain this new operating point. All three FOPI controllers are then designed adaptively using this new operating point. The scheme is tested on simulation using MATLAB/SIMULINK and results are presented.      

基于径向基函数网络的永磁同步电机直接转矩控制

对永磁同步电机直接转矩控制系统特性进行了深入研究,提出一种新的径向基函数神经网络控制器,给出了神经网络控制器的结构设计、样本选取及训练方法.利用系统中的开关表作为导师对径向基函数神经网络控制器进行训练,实现了永磁同步电机直接转矩控制的径向基函数神经元网络输出矢量选择.该控制器可以简化获得输出电压矢量的过程,并具有并行计算速度快、转矩响应迅速的性能.仿真结果验证了该控制器的有效性.     

永磁同步电动机直接转矩控制策略研究

研究了基于无速度传感器技术的永磁同步电动机直接转矩控制策略,该策略将空间矢量脉宽调制技术应用到了电压源逆变器的开关序列选择中;通过滞环控制器控制磁链和转矩,消除了脉宽调制的延迟;采用低通滤波器实现了电压和电流的谐波抑制。仿真结果表明,采用该策略后,电动机的实际速度与不同转矩响应下的预计速度相似,加速到参考速度所需的时间很短,跟踪也很好。     

无刷双馈电机滑模变结构直接转矩控制

针对无刷双馈电机直接转矩控制系统磁链和转矩脉动大的问题,引入滑模变结构控制策略.以转矩和磁链两个滑模控制器来代替传统直接转矩控制中的两个滞环控制器,电压矢量开关的输出采用空间电压矢量PWM调制的方法,保证了逆变器开关频率恒定,应用指数趋近率方法设计滑模控制器,由Lyapunov方法求得相应的滑模变结构控制律,建立了MATLAB/Simulink环境下直接转矩控制系统的仿真模型,仿真结果表明,新型控制方案能有效减小转矩脉动,改善定子磁链和电流波形,同时仍可保持直接转矩控制固有的转矩快速响应的优点,提高系统的稳定性和鲁棒性.     

Nonlinear adaptive speed control of a permanent magnet synchronous motor: A perturbation estimation approach

This paper presents a nonlinear adaptive control (NAC) scheme for the speed regulation of a permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) based on perturbation estimation and feedback linearizing control. All PMSM system’s unknown nonlinearities, parameter uncertainties, and external disturbances including unknown time-varying load torque disturbance, are defined as lumped perturbation terms, which are estimated by designing perturbation observers. The estimates are used to adaptively compensate the real perturbations and achieve adaptive feedback linearizing control of the original nonlinear system. The proposed control scheme does not require accurate system model and full state feedback. Stability of the close-loop system with proposed NAC is investigated via Lyapunov theory, and the effectiveness of proposed NAC scheme is verified through both simulation and experimental studies. Both simulation and experimental results show that the proposed NAC scheme can provide less regulation error in speed tracking, better dynamic performance and robustness against parameter uncertainties and load torque disturbance, compared with conventional vector control and load torque estimated based control.     

一种实现风力机MPPT控制的加速最优转矩法

最优转矩法因其所需测量状态较少、易于实现的特点,被广泛应用于风力机的最大功率点跟踪(Maximum power point tracking, MPPT)控制. 传统的最优转矩法只考虑系统的稳态工作点,依靠系统本身的特性进行转速调节,在一定程度上限制了转速调节速度. 本文使用滑模变结构控制的思想,在最优转矩法的基础上设计得到 一种变结构控制器,增大了转速跟踪过程中的不平衡转矩,缩短了系统的调节时间. 仿真结果表明本文提出的改进方法可以获得良好的转速跟踪效果,从而提高风力机的风能捕获效率.     

凸极同步电动机的三电平直接转矩控制

文章给出了三电平逆变器供电的凸极同步电动机的数学模型,介绍了凸极同步电动机三电平直接转矩控制的原理,说明了虚拟合成相量法的合成原理,最后给出了基于虚拟合成相量法的凸极同步电动机三电平直接转矩控制的仿真波形。仿真结果表明,该方案具有转矩脉动小、响应快等优点,具有一定的实际应用价值。     

A μ-H∞ control strategy for decreasing torque fluctuation of electro-hydraulic integrated braking system in mode switching

Due to the difference of time-domain response between hydraulic braking and regenerative braking, as well as changes of equivalent parameters and operating parameters during braking mode switching, it is liable to cause torque fluctuation, which affects braking safety and vehicle ride comfort. First, the uncertainties of vehicle load and frictional coefficient model are investigated. Second, the hybrid system theory is applied to provide state transfer condition for mode switching strategy. Finally, the control strategy that utilizes regenerative braking torque to compensate for difference of the required braking torque is designed, and a new μ-H_∞ control algorithm through D-K iteration is presented to improve the robust performance. The proposed μ-H_∞ control strategy is examined under various braking situations, and the results indicate that (1) the μ-H_∞ controller have the advantage of robustness performance, the amplitude of regenerative braking is decreased by 6.14%, and the steady-state error of hydraulic braking is decreased by 5.26% over the H_∞, and (2) under the braking mode switching, the designed compensation control strategy has the performance of fast and accurate tracking of the desired torque, and the steady-state error does not exceed 3.5%.     

ANN-based MPPT algorithm for solar PMSM drive system fed by direct-connected PV array

In this paper, artificial neural network (ANN) based on a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm is developed for a solar permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drive system used without a boost converter and batteries. The discontinuous space vector PWM technique is used to drive two-level inverter which is directly fed by three parallel-connected Kyocera KD205GX-LP PV modules. The ANN-based MPPT algorithm estimates the voltages and currents corresponding to maximum powers produced by PV array at the maximum power point (MPP) for swiftly changing situations such as solar radiance and temperature. These maximum powers are given as input signal to vector control algorithm of PMSM. The PMSM is designed by using Infolytica/MotorSolve software so that the phase-to-phase maximum value of its operating voltage is 20 V. The use of three-phase PMSM presents more efficient solutions to the trading solar systems with dc motor or induction motor. Thus, an effective solar system is achieved. The performance of developed ANN-based MPPT algorithm, designed PMSM, vector-controlled driver and solar system is analyzed by using MATLAB/SimPowerSystems blocks under the rapidly changing environmental conditions.

     

基于SVM-DTC的测试分拣机下压机构电机力矩控制

针对国内传统旋转式集成电路分拣机下压机构在运行测试时,集成电路与测试簧片不能保持稳定接触力的问题,采用直接转矩控制对下压机构进行控制.设计了基于电压空间矢量调制策略的永磁同步电动机直接转矩控制方案,用PI调节器以及电压空间矢量策略代替传统直接转矩控制系统中的滞环控制器和开关表.通过仿真验证表明,相比于传统的直接转矩控制,采用空间矢量调制策略的直接转矩控制,磁链波形得到改善,同时减小了脉动,使系统具有良好的动、静态性能,且集成电路芯片与测试簧片接触力满足测试要求.