云环境下的工业设计与工程设计衔接研究

工业设计与工程技术设计的衔接协作是一个长期困扰设计师和工程师的难题。随着云技术的出现,云制造与云设计概念相继的提出与发展,为问题的解决铺平了道路。     

基于TRIZ的工业设计创新流程研究

研究如何将TRIZ理论和工具用于工业设计,以提供一种基于逻辑的设计创新流程。基于TRIZ中的创新等级概念,指出工业设计问题的难度级别,借鉴前人关于TRIZ的冲突解决理论、分离原理、发明原理、ARIZ、理想度、物场分析及效应库等工具的比较研究成果,分析了这些工具对于工业设计的适用性,然后结合TRIZ概念设计流程与一般工业设计流程,进而建立一种工业设计创新流程模型。最后将该模型用于一种教室多功能桌椅的形态和变换机构设计,验证了其有效性。     

气钉枪数字化工业设计PDM系统的研究及应用

分析了气钉枪数字化工业设计PDM系统的结构,提出了一种适合企业实际应用基于工业设计的PDM系统框架结构体系,以功能和任务为单元对企业现有工作流程进行基于工业设计的重组和整合,规划出更趋合理的工作流程.建立了项目-过程集成模型、PDM系统控制过程模型和产品工业设计开发数据模型,实现了工业设计数据交互及管理.研究了PDM系统与工业设计平台之间的接口关系及数据交互,完成了整个基于工业设计PDM系统的集成与开发.     

基于多学科设计优化技术的导弹方案设计

多学科设计优化技术当前主要作为传统设计过程的补充,存在较大的局限性.为此,在导弹方案设计全过程引入了多学科并行设计思想,建立了包含两阶段的多学科设计优化流程,在多学科设计阶段形成基准方案,在多学科优化阶段完成基准方案的可行化与最佳化.建立了支持两个设计阶段的五种模型,并分析了基于这些模型描述多学科设计和多学科优化问题的方法.根据所研究的设计流程和建模方法,提出了建立四层体系结构的总体设计软件框架的思想.最后,在Visual C++开发环境下,开发了面向导弹总体设计的多学科设计优化原型系统.     

数字化工具支持下的工业设计

这里分析了数字化设计工具介入工业设计的意义及数字化工业设计的特点,并基于工业设计本质,提出了全局数字化的协同工业设计流程。该流程包括并行的概念设计、细节设计、3d数字模型、渲染仿真、虚拟原形制作及创成式工程图绘制六个环节。此外还探讨数字化工具对协同工业设计流程中各环节的支持模式,并针对目前CAID存在的一些问题提出了潜在的数字化解决方法,以实现全设计流程“数字化”并提高设计创意的质量、效率。     

面向工业设计的人化与物化并行设计方法研究

从分析工业设计的两大基本属性(人化属性与物化属性)入手,运用并行设计的思想,采用人化设计与物化设计综合考虑的并行设计方法,建立了人化与物化并行设计的基本模型,并通过应用案例进行了验证。论述了在工业设计中运用并行思想对提高新产品开发效率所具有的实用价值。     

非标产品工业设计流程的改进与应用

产品工业设计的流程已经相当成熟,但是主要针对的是批量化产品。而非标产品大多是单件生产,在使用产品工业设计流程的过程中出现了工业设计周期长、返工现象多等一些问题,不仅影响产品按时交付,而且产品品质得不到保障。首先研究了非标产品工业设计流程现状,然后归纳了非标产品工业设计过程中的问题,并针对这些问题从调查、研究与开发,方案评价与优化,生产转化3个步骤进行改进。将改进后工业设计流程应用在滑油流量流向试验器的研发生产中,结果表明工业设计周期由原来的的65天缩短为48天,车间的试装没有发现成附件安装问题,无返工现象,产品品质得到提升。     

工业设计专业基础课程教学探讨

针对工业设计专业基础课程教学存在的主要问题,从教学系统的角度,综合考虑教学目标、教师、教学手段、教学环境等因素,解决了基础课程与专业课程衔接不良问题,加强了工业设计专业基础课程教学创新意识的培养。     

基于Creo Parametric软件平台的混合式建模方法研究

计算机辅助工业设计在设计流程中的应用越来越广泛。通过对参数化建模和自由式建模的对比研究,指出了这两种方法各自的弊端,提出基于Creo Parametric软件平台的混合式建模办法。以电吹风产品模型构建的案例来说明混合式建模方法的工作流程,并通过模型分析验证了这种方法的可行性。     

模块化非标准工业汽轮机热力设计软件开发

在总结工业汽轮机通流部分热力设计的基本原理和设计流程的基础上,提出了一套抽汽式工业汽轮机各级段设计流量的确定方法,并借助模块化编程思想,开发了工业汽轮机热力设计软件系统.分析了采用模块化编程解决工业汽轮机的非标准性导致其热力设计流程多样性的问题.测试结果显示,该软件系统能适用于凝汽式、背压式、抽凝式和抽背式等多种不同类型工业汽轮机的热力设计.     

TRIZ理论在产品概念设计中的应用研究

通过对概念设计的分析研究,阐述了TRIZ的理论体系及其简化的＂1141＂体系,归纳了TRIZ的理论基础和基本思想,介绍了基于TRIZ的产品概念设计过程模型,分析了TRIZ中技术冲突及物理冲突解决流程以及2种冲突解决原理之间的转化关系。基于TRIZ概念设计过程模型,将TRIZ中技术冲突解决原理及物理冲突解决原理应用于新型旋转展车台的概念设计中,并通过实验研究验证了TRIZ概念设计过程模型的正确性及可行性。     

情景类比构造模型驱动产品创新设计研究

产品功能-行为-结构模型(Function-Behavior-Structure,FBS)和情景记忆认知模型是概念设计过程中的2种重要模型.在概念设计过程中,通过这2种重要模型寻找到未预见发现(Unexpected discovery,UXD)及其分析模块,将情景设计与各设计模块有机结合并驱动工业产品的创新设计.以房门与水龙头的实例分析来说明情景设计用于驱动产品创新是行之有效的.     

产品设计中的冲突确定方法及解决过程

归纳出确定设计中冲突的物质——场分析、QFD分析及公理设计分析三种方法及适用范围；将冲突标准化，利用冲突矩阵，选择TRIZ中的发明原理解决冲突。形成了确定冲突及解决冲突的系统化过程。     

Refinement of engine bearing design techniques

Improving the accuracy of engine bearing design techniques increases the probability of achieving the objective of ‘right first time’. This paper focuses on the developments being undertaken to enhance mathematical models for bearing performance prediction.Predictive tools fall into two main categories, rapid design tools for day-to-day applications engineering and rigorous methods for product development and diagnostic purposes. In the field of rapid design, improvements to the prediction of oil flow and heat balance are discussed. The concept of intermittent direct contact is also considered as a means of providing a rapid assessment of bearing wear and trends in power loss.Rigorous methods provide an opportunity for a more in-depth analysis of bearing performance. The paper deals with situations where elastic deflections of the engine structure and components are important. The effect of crankshaft and crankcase stiffness on bearing hydrodynamics is discussed with reference to a particular engine bearing study. More general aspects of bearing distortion and stress are illustrated using finite element methods.     

Configurable product design considering the transition of multi-hierarchical models

The current research of configurable product design mainly focuses on how to convert a predefined set of components into a valid set of product structures. With the scale and complexity of configurable products increasing, the interdependencies between customer demands and product structures grow up as well. The result is that existing product structures fails to satisfy the individual customer requirements and hence product variants are needed. This paper is aimed to build a bridge between customer demands and product structures in order to make demand-driven fast response design feasible. First of all, multi-hierarchical models of configurable product design are established with customer demand model, technical requirement model and product structure model. Then, the transition of multi-hierarchical models among customer demand model, technical requirement model and product structure model is solved with fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP) and the algorithm of multi-level matching. Finally, optimal structure according to the customer demands is obtained with the calculation of Euclidean distance and similarity of some cases. In practice, the configuration design of a clamping unit of injection molding machine successfully performs an optimal search strategy for the product variants with reasonable satisfaction to individual customer demands. The proposed method can automatically generate a configuration design with better alternatives for each product structures, and shorten the time of finding the configuration of a product.     

高超声速飞行器多学科优化建模方法

为建立高超声速飞行器多学科设计优化软件系统,研究了一种面向多学科设计优化的建模方法.通过分析系统分解带来的学科设计冲突,建立了两种多学科连续性条件.据此连续性条件,结合现有飞行器设计流程,提出了一套建立多学科设计优化模型的方法,包括系统分析模型和系统优化模型.针对高超声速飞行器方案设计,研究了包含弹道/控制、气动、超燃冲压发动机、结构、热保护系统等五个学科的多学科设计优化问题.采用所研究的多学科设计优化建模方法,构造了系统级模型,并在框架软件中按照此模型集成各学科软件,建立了高超声速飞行器多学科设计优化软件系统.     

Metamodel-based global optimization using fuzzy clustering for design space reduction

High fidelity analysis are utilized in modern engineering design optimization problems which involve expensive black-box models.For computation-intensive engineering design problems,efficient global optimization methods must be developed to relieve the computational burden.A new metamodel-based global optimization method using fuzzy clustering for design space reduction(MGO-FCR) is presented.The uniformly distributed initial sample points are generated by Latin hypercube design to construct the radial basis function metamodel,whose accuracy is improved with increasing number of sample points gradually.Fuzzy c-mean method and Gath-Geva clustering method are applied to divide the design space into several small interesting cluster spaces for low and high dimensional problems respectively.Modeling efficiency and accuracy are directly related to the design space,so unconcerned spaces are eliminated by the proposed reduction principle and two pseudo reduction algorithms.The reduction principle is developed to determine whether the current design space should be reduced and which space is eliminated.The first pseudo reduction algorithm improves the speed of clustering,while the second pseudo reduction algorithm ensures the design space to be reduced.Through several numerical benchmark functions,comparative studies with adaptive response surface method,approximated unimodal region elimination method and mode-pursuing sampling are carried out.The optimization results reveal that this method captures the real global optimum for all the numerical benchmark functions.And the number of function evaluations show that the efficiency of this method is favorable especially for high dimensional problems.Based on this global design optimization method,a design optimization of a lifting surface in high speed flow is carried out and this method saves about 10 h compared with genetic algorithms.This method possesses favorable performance on efficiency,robustness and capability of global convergence and gives a new optimization strat     

Product modular design incorporating preventive maintenance issues

Traditional modular design methods lead to product maintenance problems, because the module form of a system is created according to either the function requirements or the manufacturing considerations. For solving these problems, a new modular design method is proposed with the considerations of not only the traditional function related attributes, but also the maintenance related ones. First, modularity parameters and modularity scenarios for product modularity are defined. Then the reliability and economic assessment models of product modularity strategies are formulated with the introduction of the effective working age of modules. A mathematical model used to evaluate the difference among the modules of the product so that the optimal module of the product can be established. After that, a multi-objective optimization problem based on metrics for preventive maintenance interval different degrees and preventive maintenance economics is formulated for modular optimization. Multi-objective GA is utilized to rapidly approximate the Pareto set of optimal modularity strategy trade-offs between preventive maintenance cost and preventive maintenance interval difference degree. Finally, a coordinate CNC boring machine is adopted to depict the process of product modularity. In addition, two factorial design experiments based on the modularity parameters are constructed and analyzed. These experiments investigate the impacts of these parameters on the optimal modularity strategies and the structure of module. The research proposes a new modular design method, which may help to improve the maintainability of product in modular design.     

概念产品设计信息关系网的构造与表示

在产品概念解产生之后,应正确处理和表示设计过程中众多的设计信息。为此,建立了用于概念产品拓扑结构抽象表示的设计特征层次关系模型,提出了设计特征属性依存关系网模型。在这两个模型基础上,构造了用于表示概念产品设计信息的关系网。简要介绍了多色集合的主要思想,将概念解设计信息所包含的单元与多色集合的成分相对应,建立了概念产品设计信息基于多色集合的数学描述,以便于产品设计信息的存储、管理和随后设计工作的开展。     

基于TRIZ的二级类比概念设计研究

创新问题解决理论求解领域问题所得到的解及相应的设计实例作为类比设计的源设计,将创新问题解决理论过程转变为第一级类比过程,提出了其过程模型。将上述过程的结果作为情景,按基于情景的类比设计原理,提出了第二级类比过程模型。两级类比过程模型集成形成了基于创新问题解决理论的二级类比概念设计过程模型。该模型分为9步,不仅应用了创新问题解决理论标准化的问题求解过程及已积累的知识库,也能发挥设计人员的创新能力。上述模型已应用于国产圆网造纸机烘干部件的概念创新设计实例中,证明了该模型的有效性。