基于ZigBee的无线低压电力数据集抄系统终端设计

研究了符合ZigBee规定的直接序列扩频(DSSS)和偏移正交相移键控(OQPSK)调制的无线低压电力数据集抄系统收发机,重点分析了ZigBee收发机在加性高斯白噪声(AWGN)信道和瑞利信道中的抗噪性能表现.利用Matlab编程工具对直接序列扩频通信收发机系统进行仿真,研究了扩频码片长度与通信系统抗噪性能的关系.仿真结果表明,信噪比为6dB时,32位码长扩频通信系统误码率可以降低到16位码长扩频通信系统的1/23,即使用长扩频码片可以提高无线低压集抄系统的抗噪性能.     

基于LMMSE的滑动相关信道估计算法

5G NR系统中,接收端信道估计过程一般不可忽略噪声的影响,并且采用传统的线性最小均方误差(LMMSE)信道估计算法的运算量将会变的巨大,所以提出了滑动相关矩阵的方法来降低算法的复杂度。首先,通过仿真得到最优的滑动相关矩阵以及每次滑动所输出的子载波数,然后通过滑动窗依次输出频域子载波的信道估计值从而完成整个信道估计;在时域,通过混合插值方法进一步提升了系统性能。仿真结果表明,算法相比于LMMSE算法误码率升高小于1 dB,但是复杂度降低了99.74%,满足工程需求。     

OFDM中一种改进的SVD信道估计算法

电力线信道高噪声、大衰减等特性使得信道估计在基于OFDM的宽带电力线通信中尤为重要.本文针对OFDM中传统SVD信道估计算法以循环前缀长度为界来截取特征值会引入较大信道噪声的问题,提出了一种改进的SVD算法,该算法通过对信道最大多径时延进行估计并利用该估计值截取特征值,以此来减少噪声影响,仿真表明该算法可有效提高原算法性能,估计效果接近于最小均方误差算法(LMMSE).     

水下FBMC系统的离散导频信道估计技术研究

水下环境的复杂性对水声通信带来挑战,一般通过优化信道估计技术来实现水下通信的高速率、可靠性传输。将滤波器组多载波/交错正交幅度调制(filter bank based multicarrier/offset quadrature amplitude modulation, FBMC/OQAM)技术引入水下,研究FBMC/OQAM系统中信道估计技术,并对离散导频信道估计算法进行重点研究。分析了不同信道影响下离散导频信道估计的性能,并针对辅助导频法额外功率消耗过高的问题进行改进,提出一种改进的辅助导频方法(improved auxiliary pilot method, IAP),降低功率消耗的同时又提高了估计性能。理论分析和水下仿真结果表明,IAP算法是水声通信实际应用中较好的选择。     

电力多载波系统自适应信道估计算法研究

文章将欧洲第二代数字地面电视广播标准(DVB-T2)应用于电力通信系统,并重点对接收机信道估计进行了研究。DVB-T2采用编码正交频分复用(COFDM)调制方案,其信道估计传统上采用基于导频的实系数内插方法,不能对抗长时延回波。文章提出了一种基于最小均方误差(LMS)自适应的复系数内插信道估计方法,确保动态无线信道中电力系统信息的稳定传输。仿真结果表明,该算法对无线信道信息有更高的估计精度,可以改善电力多载波系统的误码性能。     

无线光通信中组合脉冲位置调制的差错性能分析

无线光通信中,光标识组合脉冲位置调制(FCPPM)方法是针对脉冲位置调制 (PPM) 带宽效率低、传信能力弱而提出的一种新的调制方法。研究了FCPPM系统在理想信道和湍流信道中的误码性能,并将复杂的误码率公式简化为Meijer G函数形式,以便于数学处理。仿真分析了新系统在最大似然序列检测方法下的误码性能,并与OOK和PPM等传统调制方法进行比较。研究结果表明,FCPPM系统误码率随调制级数的增大而降低,随湍流强度的增大而上升;且其误码性能优于OOK,带宽效率和传输容量优于PPM。     

一种改进的低压电力线正交频分复用载波通信的最小均方信道估计算法

研究分析了正交频分复用(OFDM)通信中的最小均方(LMS)自适应信道估计算法,提出了一种改进的变步长LMS信道估计算法。该算法根据εm(k)、εm-1(k)自相关的时间平均估计及其均方误差(MSE),实现了对LMS算法步长的调整。仿真试验结果表明采用改进后的LMS信道估计算法的OFDM系统误码率明显降低,MSE降低了1/10,提高了算法的信道跟踪性能,且运算复杂度小,更适用于低压电力线OFDM通信系统。     

SC—FDE系统信道估计与频域均衡算法研究与仿真

信道估计与频域均衡是单载波频域均衡(SC-FDF)系统的两大关键技术.对通信中信道的好坏进行估计,得到信道特征(CSI)是SC-FDE系统进行信道均衡的前提;而信道均衡即通过对估计出的信道衰减特征进行补偿,来减小信号在传输过程中所受外界的影响,信道估计与频域均衡性能的好坏共同决定系统最后均衡的效果.对SC-FDE信道估计和频域均衡技术不同的算法进行分析研究;在此基础上,结合两个模块进行联合仿真,得到性能最优的信道估计和频域均衡组合算法.     

强背景光下LED交通灯的可见光通信误码率分析

LED交通灯的可见光通信将成为室外智能交通系统的发展方向。为了研究和克服信道中强背景光噪声对LED交通灯的可见光通信系统的干扰,对其通信信道建立强背景光噪声模型,分别构建了脉冲位置调制(PPM)、扩频(Gold码)、Gold码+PPM三种不同调制下的通信系统。首先分析了强背景光的相关参数,然后对PPM、Gold码、Gold码+PPM三种不同调制下系统误码率性能进行了比较。结果表明,接收机的视场角越小,接收机的直径越小,则通信系统受到背景光噪声的干扰就越小;在相同检测面信号功率下,太阳直射背景光噪声比扩展背景光更加影响系统通信性能;在同一背景光下,误码率最低的是PPM调制,其次是Gold码,Gold码+PPM的系统误码率最高。以扩展背景光的误码率达到10~(-4)作为参考,PPM通信系统分别比Gold码、Gold码+PPM通信系统低0.125和0.5 W的检测面信号功率。     

OFDM系统中自适应调制结构设计与性能分析

自适应调制技术作为一种有效提高宽带无线通信系统性能的方法,得到了人们的广泛关注。对OFDM自适应调制技术进行了研究和分析,设计了基于子载波的OFDM自适应调制结构,并对该结构的性能进行了仿真分析。仿真结果表明:自适应调制技术能根据信道情况自适应改变系统子载波的调制方式,能有效地提高系统数据传输效率,改善系统的性能。     

Sensitivity analysis of the channel estimation deviation to the MAP decoding algorithm

As a necessary input parameter for maximum a-posteriori(MAP) decoding algorithm, SNR is normally obtained from the channel estimation unit. Corresponding research indicated that SNR estimation deviation degraded the performance of Turbo decoding significantly. In this paper, MAP decoding algorithm with SNR estimation deviation was investigated in detail, and the degradation mechanism of Turbo decoding was explained analytically. The theoretical analysis and computer simulation disclosed the specific reasons for the performance degradation when SNR estimation was less than the actual value, and for the higher sensitivity of SNR estimation to long-frame Turbo codes. __________ Translated from Journal on Communications, 2006, 27(1): 41–44 (in Chinese)     

一种有效的多天线系统信道估计方法

在多天线系统（MIMO）中,提高信道估计的精度很重要。本文给出了MIMO系统信道模型,针对存在空域相关性的多输入多输出系统设计了一种基于互补训练序列的有效的MIMO信道估计方案,能够充分利用已知的信道相关信息,在理论上使得估计均方误差最小化.给出了信道估计算法,讨论了训练序列的优化方案。仿真实践表明在噪声为高斯白噪声情况下,该信道估计方案获得很好效果。     

Multilevel inverter modulation schemes to eliminate common-mode voltages

It is well known that conventional two-level pulsewidth modulated (PWM) inverters generate high-frequency common-mode voltages with high dv/dt. Similarly, commonly used multilevel inverter modulation schemes generate common-mode voltages. Common-mode voltages may cause motor shaft voltages and bearing currents and conducted electromagnetic interference (EMI). Premature motor bearing failures and electronic equipment malfunctions have been reported to be directly related to bearing currents and EMI. In this paper, approaches to eliminating common-mode voltage when using multilevel PWM inverters are presented. It is shown that inverters, which have an odd number of levels, will generate zero common-mode voltage by switching among certain states. Therefore, motor bearing currents will be eliminated and conducted EMI will be reduced. Both sinusoidal PWM and space-vector modulation (SVM) schemes are discussed and detailed comparative simulation results between conventional and novel modulation schemes are provided. The value of the proposed technique is demonstrated experimentally by applying the novel SVM approach to a conventional multilevel inverter.     

复杂环境下双向协作通信研究

双向协作通信应用于航空自组网、车联网等未来无线通信,面临着高速运动环境下信道状态变化导致通信质量大幅下降问题。利用随机信道建模方式,考虑通信过程前后子阶段信道状态信息相关性,推导了信道状态联合概率密度闭式表达式;提出了以最小化系统中断概率为目标的最优功率分配策略以改善双向协作通信系统的中断性能。蒙特卡罗仿真结果表明在不同的系统平均信噪比、信道相关系数（与通信节点运动速度相关）下最优功率分配相比于等功率分配可有效提高系统中断性能。基于最优功率分配的双向协作通信能克服高速运动环境下信道状态变化问题,具有高可靠高速率特点,能为航空自组网、车联网等未来无线通信应用提供技术支撑。     

A rate adaptive bit-loading algorithm for in-building power-line communications based on DMT-modulated systems

This paper deals with a variable rate discrete multitone modulation system for broadband power-line communications, based on the bit-loading algorithm proposed by Leke and Cioffi. In the proposed system a suitable least mean square channel estimator is considered, which is based on the insertion of a training sequence (TS). The proposed approach will be compared with the ideal channel estimates, showing its effectiveness. Moreover, different TS lengths will be compared. The system performance, expressed in terms of bit rate and bit-error rate, is derived by simulation with and without estimation errors. The propagation environment has been assumed as a frequency-selective multipath fading channel with additive colored Gaussian noise, according to the in-building networks model.     

OFDM技术在中压电力线通信中的性能分析

中压电力线信道可以用于高速数据传输业务。文章结合实测数据,分析了中压电力线信道复杂的噪声环境和多径衰落特性。为了提高这种特殊信道条件下的传输效果,选择了编码正交频分多路复用技术(COFDM)作为调制方案。分析了编码方案和交织深度的选取对系统抗突发噪声性能的影响;提出利用子载波位置调整法和子载波功率调整法,以削弱窄带噪声对系统的干扰;通过仿真证明了此系统方案能显著降低中压电力线在传输过程中的误码率。     

Fully digital hysteresis modulation with switching-time prediction

This paper proposes a digital hysteresis-modulation technique based on switching-time prediction. Sampling controlled variables several times within a switching period, it ensures a dynamic performance comparable to that obtainable with analog hysteresis modulation. Compared to conventional digital hysteresis modulation, it avoids frequency jitter since it predicts switching transitions. Compared to hysteresis modulation based on the detection of the zero crossing of current errors, it avoids external analog circuits. Compared to pulsewidth-modulation (PWM) techniques, it ensures faster dynamic response. These advantages are obtained at the expense of increased signal-processing requirements and of control complexity. Switching-frequency stabilization and synchronization with an external clock can be obtained extending the techniques proposed for analog hysteresis modulations. The proposed predictive algorithm does not require knowledge of load parameters and only a rough estimation of the inductor value, which can be easily self-adjusted. The proposed solution is suited for high-performance current (or sliding-mode) control where the digital hardware has enough computational power to allow multiple samples within a switching period. The proposed modulation technique has been applied to a sliding-mode control of a single-phase uninterruptible power supply (UPS). Experimental results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed approach.     

Teaching the theory of estimation and detection via a GSM radio interface Simulation

A new way to teach advanced undergraduate and graduate students the theory of estimation and detection is described. The paper shows that the global system mobile (GSM) radio interface is well suited to the teaching of estimation and detection theory because it entails the understanding and application of several concepts within estimation and detection, as well as information theory, signal processing, and radio-wave propagation. With GSM now a mature system with specifications available in the public domain, the students created an open-source (OS) GSM simulator, including all four modulation and coding schemes (MCS 1,2,3,4) with puncturing, a channel estimator, a minimum phase prefilter, a Max log maximum a posteriori probability (MAP) equalizer, and a convolutional decoder. Studying and understanding the theory of estimation and detection is now possible by creating algorithms for the simulator and evaluating the impact of the algorithm on the GSM block error rate (BLER). Several experiments that are possible with the simulator are described.