高压XPLE电缆中间接头线芯声表面波测温技术研究

为实现高压XPLE电缆中间接头线芯运行温度直接测量,研制了一种植入式无源无线声表面波（SAW）测温装置。该植入式SAW温度传感器主要由433MHz偶极子天线和谐振型SAW谐振器组成,封装在厚度仅16mm的圆环内,安装时直接套在电缆接头线芯上。通过对读取器射频电路优化设计,如配置高增益偶极子天线、低噪声放大器,接收机抗干扰设计等,实现传感器信号高灵敏检测。采用扫频法确定SAW传感器的谐振频率。通过离线测试确定了读取天线布置位置以及SAW传感器谐振频率-温度特性。110kV电缆交流耐压与温升试验结果表明,在电缆线芯承受2倍额定相电压,电流大于1.9kA和运行温度超过允许的90oC条件下,所研制的样机无线通信良好,能够实现电缆中间接头线芯直接测温。     

基于SAW谐振器无源无线传感器编码方法研究

为简化声表面波(SAW)传感器的编码过程,提出了一种基于SAW谐振器的编码方法,通过多个不同中心谐振频率的SAW谐振器分别连接不同的负载阻抗进行传感器的编码。设计了传感器的具体结构,建立了传感器的等效电路模型,利用ADS仿真软件对中心谐振频率分别为868MHz和915MHz的2个SAW谐振器组成的传感器进行仿真,结果表明,SAW谐振器外接1pF与4pF的阻抗,其谐振频率差可达200³00kHz。根据仿真结果,设计制作了不同编码的2个传感器,一个不外接阻抗,一个外接10pF的阻抗,测试谐振频率差别可达39.75300kHz。根据仿真结果,设计制作了不同编码的2个传感器,一个不外接阻抗,一个外接10pF的阻抗,测试谐振频率差别可达39.75⁴0.2kHz,因此,SAW谐振器外接不同阻抗时谐振频率的差异明显,基于SAW谐振器与外接阻抗的传感器编码方法是可行的。     

基于FeGa薄膜的声表面波电流传感器设计

采用磁致伸缩薄膜FeGa作为敏感材料,优化设计了一种新型高灵敏声表面波(SAW)电流传感器。以中心频率150 MHz的延迟线型SAW器件作为传感元,利用射频(RF)磁控溅射法在其表面SAW传播路径上沉积FeGa磁性薄膜,由此构建SAW电流传感器件。将研制的传感器件接入由放大器及混频器组成的振荡电路中,通过与未镀膜参考器件进行差分,其输出信号用作传感信号。在电磁场作用下,FeGa薄膜产生的磁致伸缩效应引起SAW传播速度的改变,最终以相应的差分振荡频率偏移来评估施加的电流值。为进一步提升传感器性能,通过控制不同的溅射功率及退火热处理等制备工艺来确定优化的制备条件。实验结果表明,当FeGa薄膜厚度为500 nm,溅射功率为100 W,退火热处理温度为300℃时,所研制的电流传感器线性度及重复性良好,灵敏度较高(24.67 kHz/A)。     

基于双SAW谐振器的温度传感器设计

为解决声表面波(SAW)谐振器的频率温度特性呈非线性的问题,该文提出了一种利用两个SAW谐振器来设计具有线性输出的SAW温度传感器的方法。根据该方法设计了两个基于硅酸镓镧压电基片的SAW温度传感器,每个传感器由两个不同的SAW谐振器串联而成。实验结果表明,两个SAW传感器在室温～300℃的宽温度范围内均表现出很好的线性度。这种简单有效的设计方法具有实现宽温度范围测试的能力,可推广到其他具有较大二阶温度系数的SAW温度传感器的研发中。     

声表面波传感器检测电路的研究

针对目前声表面波(SAW)传感器检测电路的缺点,通过对SAW传感器信号的特征分析,设计了一种简单实用的SAW传感器检测电路,降低了硬件成本。该电路利用直接数字频率合成技术产生不同的频率信号,用以激励不同谐振频率的声表面波敏感元件,在间歇收发周期从SAW传感器输出信号中提取出反映被测量的频率信号,通过对该频率的测量得到被测物理量的变化。通过对SAW传感器的温度实验,获得了传感器的温度-频率特性,在较低频率(20MHz)时检测灵敏度可达1.36kHz/℃,具有较好的一致性;在较高频率(75MHz)时检测灵敏度可达2.03kHz/℃,存在一定偏差。     

声表面波免疫传感器高频检测系统设计

声表面波（SAW）免疫传感器是一种新型生物传感器,该文设计并实现了一个高频的SAW免疫传感器检测系统。该系统利用锁相环控制输出信号频率对输入信号频率跟踪锁定,通过测量频率变化量即能完成对免疫传感器的检测,通过液晶屏显示结果。测试结果表明,该检测系统能准确测量频率156~162 MHz内的传感信号,系统的最大测量误差仅0.85%,满足SAW免疫传感器高频检测领域的工程实际需要。     

声表面波压力传感器的仿真与设计

该文设计了一种基于声表面波(SAW)传感原理的无源无线压力传感器。阐述了SAW单端谐振器的原理,对SAW压力传感器的原理进行了分析。选择了基于类似两端固定梁的敏感结构并利用ANSYS软件对其敏感结构进行仿真、分析。利用Mathcad软件对SAW压力传感器进行建模、仿真。并根据仿真结果设计和制作了SAW压力传感器。测试结果表明,制作的传感器灵敏度较高,误差小,具备良好的压力频率特性。     

基于无线SAW压力传感器的FADS研究

嵌入式大气数据系统(FADS)是先进的大气数据系统。由于SAW压力传感器能进行无线测量,将无线SAW压力传感器应用于FADS,与MIMU相结合使之成为廉价的微型组合导航系统。研究了FADS的基本原理、无线双单端SAW谐振器压力传感器的基本原理以及相关应用电路模块,并利用HP Esoft软件和SAW谐振器等效电路对无线SAW压力传感器进行了仿真。研究表明,无线SAW传感器能应用到先进的大气数据系统,具有重要的应用价值。     

基于无线SAW压力传感器的FADS研究

嵌入式大气数据系统(FADS)是先进的大气数据系统.由于SAW压力传感器能进行无线测量,将无线SAW压力传感器应用于FADS,与MIMU相结合使之成为廉价的微型组合导航系统.研究了FADS的基本原理、无线双单端SAW谐振器压力传感器的基本原理以及相关应用电路模块,并利用HP Esoft软件和SAW谐振器等效电路对无线SAW压力传感器进行了仿真.研究表明,无线SAW传感器能应用到先进的大气数据系统,具有重要的应用价值.     

基于SAW无线测温系统的PIFA天线设计

为实现声表面波(SAW)无线测温系统的最佳接收与传播特性,设计了一种高增益的平面倒F天线（PIFA）。基于倒F天线的原理,通过改变馈点位置和天线的尺寸,实现了在433 MHz附近的陷波特性。仿真显示,天线在427~440 MHz频段内的电压驻波比(VSWR)小于1.5。在433.7 MHz附近输入反射系数S11为-26.6 dB,且电压驻波比接近于1,具有良好的增益和匹配特性。该天线不仅结构简单,便于制作,还具有良好方向性和辐射特性。测试结果与仿真结果吻合,符合无线测温系统与SAW传感器的通信要求。     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Development of the readout system for waveguide multilayer optical card

Waveguide multilayer optical card （WMOC） is a novel storage device of three-dimensional optical information. An advanced readout system fitting for the WMOC is introduced in this paper. The hardware mainly consists of the light source for reading, WMOC, motorized stages addressing unit, microscope imaging unit, CCD detecting unit and PC controlling ＆ processing unit. The movement of the precision motorized stage is controlled by the computer through Visual Basic （VB） language in software. A control panel is also designed to get the layer address and the page address through which the position of the motorized stages can be changed. The WMOC readout system is easy to manage and the readout result is directly displayed on computer monitor.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Collinear phase-matching study of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and Inp

The collinearly phase-matching condition of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and InP is theoretically studied. In collinear phase-matching, the optimum phase-matching wave hands of these two crystals are calculated. The optimum phase-matching wave bands in GaAs and lnP are 0.95-1.38μm and 0.7-0.96μm respectively. The influence of the wavelength choice of the pump wave on the coherent length in THz-wave tuning is also discussed. The influence of the temperature alteration on the phase-matching and the temperature tuning properties in GaAs crystal are calculated and analyzed. It can serve for the following experiments as a theoretical evidence and a reference as well.     

Effects of the alloy compositions on the phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals

Composition dependence of bulk and surface phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals are studied in the framework of the modified random-element-isodisplacement model and the Bom-Huang approximation. The numerical results for Several Ⅱ - Ⅵ and Ⅲ- Ⅴ compound systems are performed, and the polariton frequencies as functions of the compositions for ternary mixed crystals AlxGa1-xAs, GaPxAS1-x, ZnSxSe1-x, GaAsxSb1-x, GaxIn1-xP, and ZnxCd1-xS as examples are given and discussed. The results show that the dependence of the energies of two branches of bulk phonon-polaritons which have phonon-like characteristics, and surface phonon-polaritons on the compositions of ternary mixed crystals are nonlinear and different from those of the corresponding binary systems.     

New insert layer structure OLEDs

An insert layer structure organic electroluminescent device（OLED） based on a new luminescent material （Zn（salen）） is fabricated. The configuration of the device is ITO/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1. Effective insert electrode layers comprising LiF（1nm）/Al（5 nm） are used as a single semitransparent mirror, and bilayer cathode LiF（1 nm）/A1（100 nm） is used as a reflecting mirror. The two mirrors form a Fabry-Perot microcavity and two emissive units. The maximum brightness and luminous efficiency reach 674 cd/m^2 and 2.652 cd/A, respectively, which are 2.1 and 3.7 times higher than the conventional device, respectively. The superior brightness and luminous efficiency over conventional single-unit devices are attributed to microcavity effect.