共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
With the purpose of finding out whether seasonal water level fluctuations could affect water quality in a reservoir subjected to those changes, trends in environmental variables and in phytoplankton and zooplankton assemblages were analysed. The reservoir's hydrological cycle was characterized by three regimes. The maximum level phase lasted from January to the beginning of June, the emptying phase existed between mid‐June to the beginning of September and the minimum level phase lasted from mid‐September to the beginning of the first autumn/winter rain events. The highest values of total phosphorus, soluble reactive phosphorus, nitrate, water colour and chlorophyll a were found during the minimum level phase. The phytoplankton assemblage was dominated by taxa typical of meso‐eutrophic environments during the emptying and minimum level phases. However, during the maximum level phase, taxa generally found in more oligotrophic systems were observed here also. Similar to other disturbed systems, the zooplankton assemblage was dominated by Rotifera, except in summer and autumn when the cladoceran Ceriodaphnia quadrangula and/or the copepod Tropocyclops prasinus became dominant. Although those shifts seem to be related to water level variations, further research is needed to evaluate to what extent they might also be induced by other seasonal factors acting independently of water fluctuations. Based upon the obtained data, suggestions for reservoir management are proposed. 相似文献
2.
通过研究某库岸滑坡在库水位升降条件下的稳定性动态变化及其渗流场的分析,获得在不同速率的库水位上升和下降过程中的非稳定渗流场;将计算得到的孔隙水压力用于滑坡的极限平衡分析,以讨论库水位上升和下降对滑坡稳定性的影响。结果表明库水位上升时滑坡稳定性总体逐渐增大,而库水位下降时稳定性总体逐渐减小。对于该滑坡,库水位骤降对滑坡影... 相似文献
3.
为研究库水位变动和持续性降雨共同作用对中小型土石坝坝身渗透和稳定的影响,根据非饱和渗流原理对土石坝在渗流应力耦合状态下遭遇库水位变动和不同强度持续性降雨时的渗流和坝坡稳定性情况进行有限元模拟,结果表明:库水位变动速率相同而降雨强度不同时上下游坝坡的安全系数变化差异较小,上下游坝坡的安全系数对水位变动更加敏感,且上游坝坡安全系数对水位变动的敏感性高于下游坝坡;上游坝坡的最危险工况为库水位骤降2 m/d联合15 mm/d持续性降雨共同作用;下游坝坡的最危险工况为库水位骤升2 m/d联合15 mm/d持续性降雨共同作用。该研究成果为正确认识库水位变动联合持续性降雨条件下的土石坝坝坡渗透稳定规律提供参考,并为中小型土石坝遭遇极端工况条件时进行风险分析和应急管理提供参考依据。 相似文献
5.
库水位升降与降雨条件下滑坡的渗流及稳定性分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
地下水对库岸边坡的稳定性影响重大,以库区某滑坡为例,通过对滑坡的变形特征和专业监测数据分析,结合三峡库区库水位调度方案及降雨条件,依据非饱和土渗流理论和极限平衡理论,运用有限元分析软件Geo-Studio,对该滑坡设置了8种工况,分析其在145~175 m库水位波动及降雨条件下的渗流及稳定性。计算结果表明滑坡体内地下水位随库水位升降而升降,降雨对滑体后部地下水位有一定影响;滑坡稳定性在库水位上升时减小,且上升速率越大,稳定性系数越小;库水位下降,稳定性系数先减小后增大;降雨条件下,稳定性系数有所减小。所得结果可为库岸边坡的稳定性分析提供一定参考。 相似文献
6.
水库水位变动致使消落区沉积物经历着频繁的干湿交替,为探讨落干过程对沉积物氮、磷的影响,以碧流河水库为例采集了消落区不同高程下的沉积物样品,并基于现场条件设计落干模拟试验,探讨持续落干条件下消落区沉积物氮、磷的多形态变化特征,为水库内源污染治理提供参考。研究发现：在沉积物干化过程中,受反硝化作用的影响,落干期TN的含量减少了2.99%,但随着水分蒸发反硝化作用易于发生的条件被破坏,TN的含量逐渐稳定;受矿化作用的影响存在有机磷（OP）向无机磷（IP）的形态转化,该转化提高了磷的生物有效性,且干化过程中会出现氮、磷向表层富集的现象。因此,持续的落干作用有利于沉积物中过量氮素的去除,有助于消落区植物生长和初级生产力的提升。 相似文献
7.
Nutrient dynamics at the water–sediment interface in the Suma Park Reservoir, Australia, was assessed under simulated laboratory conditions using intact sediment cores. This laboratory experiment demonstrated that the nutrient influx between the sediment and the water column, in both oxic and anoxic environments, contributed substantially to the total nutrient budget and overall recycling of the biologically available nutrients in the reservoir. This study also confirmed that the bottom sediments act as a source of ammonium‐nitrogen (NH4‐N) and filterable reactive phosphorus (FRP), but function as a sink for nitrate‐nitrogen (NO3‐N). Extrapolation of the experiment data revealed that the highest nutrient flux was obtained under a summer‐anoxic incubation, with the internal loads of FRP and NH4‐N accounting for ≈ 365% and 338% of their external annual loads, respectively. The internal loss of NO3‐N from the summer anoxic incubation was ≈ 7% of its external annual load. The temperature and dissolved oxygen concentration were the most important factors influencing the nutrient flux and internal loading. Denitrification was believed to be an eminent route of nitrate loss from the reservoir. 相似文献
8.
树坪古滑坡位于三峡库区内,在库水位周期性涨落作用下,滑坡土体处于饱和与非饱和动态调整状态,籍于此,根据非饱和渗流场与应力场耦合的有限元方程,应用有限元强度折减法,对库水位在不同速率变动情况下树坪古滑坡的复活机理开展了研究。结果表明：树坪滑坡地下水位变动具有一定的滞后性,并与滑体的渗透性系数密切相关;滑坡稳定系数在水位上升时整体呈现先增大后减小的趋势,并随着变动速率的增大而增大;水位下降时整体呈现先减小后增大的趋势,并随着变动速率的增大而减小;树坪滑坡复活的临界水位升降速率为2 m/d,临界水位为降落到165 m左右。 相似文献
9.
运用非饱和土渗流理论和抗剪强度理论,以付家坪子高陡滑坡为例,采用极限平衡法,分析了库水位不同升速和降速、降雨不同强度以及库水位变化与降雨联合作用工况下滑坡的稳定性。计算结果表明库水位上升越快,滑坡安全系数的增长速率越大;降速对滑坡稳定性的影响基本上呈抛物线变化,即安全系数先减小,后增加,每个降速下均存在一个临界水位;降雨强度越大,滑坡的稳定性就越差,随着库水位的升高,降雨对安全系数的降低幅度有所减小;在研究库水位下降与降雨在时间上的最不利组合方式时,发现降雨作用在最末对滑坡稳定性的影响比作用在最初要有利;该高陡滑坡在库水位变化、降雨以及库水位变化和降雨联合作用下,安全系数的变化幅度均很小。 相似文献
10.
Paulo Roberto Saraiva Cavalcante Maria do Socorro Rodrigues Marcel Felipe Sousa Barroso Ricardo Barbieri Carmen Lúcia Martins Serra Rosana Carla Alves Oliveira 《Lakes & Reservoirs: Research and Management》2007,12(1):35-42
The diel variation of limnological parameters, measured in Boa Esperança Reservoir, Brazil during the rainy period, exhibited small temperature gradients characterized by an increase in temperature by midday, followed by a partial homogenization of the water column in the night and the early morning. The result was an increase in the epilimnion to a depth of 17 m. The pH and dissolved oxygen concentrations showed higher values at the surface, with the occurrence of anomalies (concentrations higher than at the surface) of the latter variable in the epilimnion, probably as a result of the activity of primary producers and/or losses of oxygen to the atmosphere. The chemical forms of iron in the reservoir exhibited increasing concentrations with depth, as a result of an increase in the concentration of seston and/or accentuated reduction of the levels of oxygen in the bottom layers. The reduction of Fe3+ to Fe2+ in the bottom water layers in the reservoir, in addition to the primary production process in the epilimnion, could explain the increased phosphorus in the bottom water layer. The concentrations of nitrogen compounds did not exhibit relevant changes or a defined evolution profile, except for nitrate, which showed an outstanding increase in the bottom water layers, suggesting it could be an important nitrogen source for primary producers. Although not unequivocal, these data suggest that ecosystem instability in Boa Esperança Reservoir is the product of short diel thermal variations, and the reduced input of allochthonous materials and nutrients from local catchment. These conditions guarantee the oligotrophic status of Boa Esperança Reservoir for the present time. 相似文献
11.
根据山美水库2008-2011年的水质监测资料,通过"卡尔森指数法"对水库富营养化现状进行评价。研究山美水库入库、库中及出库表层的水质特征、富营养化程度及富营养化变化趋势,并进行成因分析。结果表明:从入库、库中至出库的表层水体,TP浓度较高,TN超标最为严重,DO值在2011年相对较低,其他指标均满足水库水质Ⅱ类标准。四年中的水库富营养化程度基本为中营养状态,并有向中富营养转变的趋势。进行了成因分析并提出防治富营养化的相关对策与措施,以改善山美水库的水质情况。 相似文献
12.
Farhad Nadim George E. Hoag Fred L. Ogden Glenn S. Warner Amvrossios C. Bagtzoglou 《Lakes & Reservoirs: Research and Management》2007,12(3):187-202
The Mansfield Hollow Lake (MHL) and Willimantic Reservoir (WR) are two reservoirs located in eastern Connecticut in the north‐eastern USA. The MHL was constructed by the US Army Corps of Engineers in 1952, being primarily fed by the Fenton, Mount Hope and Natchaug Rivers. The WR lies downstream from the Mansfield Hollow Dam. The physical and chemical characteristics of MHL, WR, and the three streams discharging into them were intensively evaluated during four sampling quarters in 2001 and 2002. This study focused on possible sources of eutrophication, and occurrence of trace amounts of selected priority pollutants, in the sediments and waters of MHL and WR. Analytical results for total dissolved nitrogen and phosphorus and chlorophyll‐a indicated that, in terms of eutrophication status, the waterbodies can be classified as mesotrophic. Comparison of the analytical results in this study to historical limnological data reported for lakes in southern New England and eastern Connecticut indicates that the median levels of total nitrogen, total phosphorus, dissolved inorganic carbon, calcium, magnesium, and iron measured in this study were higher than previously reported median values. 相似文献
13.
Basis for the protection and management of tropical lakes 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
Management of lakes for the protection of water quality, aquatic life and other uses must be approached somewhat differently in the tropics from how it is approached at temperate latitudes. More than half of all tropical lakes are accounted for by natural river lakes or reservoirs. Therefore, degradation of water quality in rivers will have direct negative effects on the majority of lakes in the tropics. Also, regulation of rivers, which is one result of river impoundment, is a potential cause of damage to river lakes. Tropical lakes are more sensitive than temperate lakes to increases in nutrient supply and show higher proportionate changes in water quality and biotic communities in response to eutrophication. Tropical lakes are especially prone to loss of deep‐water oxygen, and in order to maintain ecological stasis therefore require more stringent regulation of organic and nutrient loading than temperate lakes. Nutrient containment must be more strongly oriented toward nitrogen, the most probable limiting nutrient in tropical lakes, than has been the case at temperate latitudes. However, phosphorus control is also important. Nitrogen management may be more feasible in the tropics because of high temperature, which is one of the critical conditions for efficient denitrification. Planktonic and benthic communities of the tropics bear a close resemblance, both in composition and diversity, to those of temperate latitudes; there is no parallel to the latitudinal gradient in biodiversity that is characteristic of terrestrial ecosystems. Foci of biodiversity, which require special attention, include the endemic species of ancient lakes and the diverse fish communities of very large rivers. The latter are an especially valuable untapped economic resource, but face severe impairment due to hydrological regulation and pollution of rivers. Effective management programs for tropical lakes will focus on interception of nutrients, protection of aquatic habitats from invasive species, and minimization of hydrological changes in rivers to which lakes are connected. In the absence of protective management, tropical lakes will decline greatly in their utility for water supply, production of commercially useful species, and recreation. 相似文献
14.
Anna Lourantou Jean-Pierre Thomé Anne Goffart 《Lakes & Reservoirs: Research and Management》2007,12(4):261-274
Bütgenbach Reservoir is situated in the High Ardennes plateau in eastern Belgium (50°25′N; 6°13′E). It is used principally for flood control and for production of hydroelectric energy. It has been subjected to a previous series of studies because of its eutrophication problems and their impacts on the local economy. Bütgenbach Reservoir was emptied during spring 2004 for dam restoration, being refilled in mid‐September of the same year. Selected physicochemical and biological parameters (temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, inorganic and organic nutrients, chlorophyll‐a) were measured fortnightly during the lake's productive season (mid‐April to mid‐October 2005) at three sampling sites throughout the water column. The water quality conditions after refilling of the lake were compared to previous studies accomplished at the same sampling sites (prior to emptying the lake). The actual trophic status was mesotrophic to eutrophic, based on the combination of total phosphorous and chlorophyll‐a concentrations, as well as water transparency. Bütgenbach Reservoir generally exhibits good water quality, based on the French water quality system SEQ‐eau. A longitudinal decrease in water quality was observed from upstream to downstream, because mainly of the differences in lake bottom morphology and water residence time, and their impacts on nutrient distribution in the lake. 相似文献
15.
针对采用传统工程类比方法获得的单一静态变形监测预警指标无法表达岸坡在库水位变化过程中动态变形特征的问题,以土质堆积体岸坡为研究对象,考虑库水位变化引起岸坡岩土体的流固耦合作用,提出了一种动态反映库水位变化条件下岸坡变形特征的监测预警方法。结合工程实例,对三峡库区泄滩污水处理厂土质堆积体岸坡在不同库水位变化阶段的变形监测预警指标及其大小进行确定,并对其在库水位变化过程中的安全状态进行了动态判别,通过该岸坡现场变形监测与所提方法预警结果对比,证实了该方法的有效性和可行性。 相似文献
16.
Zati Sharip Ahmad T. A. Zaki Mohd. A. H. M. Shapai Saim Suratman Ahmad J. Shaaban 《Lakes & Reservoirs: Research and Management》2014,19(2):130-141
The present study was undertaken to evaluate and verify the water quality status and trophic state of 15 major lakes and reservoirs in Malaysia. The lake water quality assessments were based on the National Water Quality Index (NWQI), while the trophic state assessments were based on Carlson's Trophic State Index (TSI). The findings of this water quality assessment, based on data collected between September and October 2012, indicated that a majority of the lakes were classified as Class II (Clean) waters suitable for recreational use. The results of the trophic state assessments, however, indicated that all of the lakes were eutrophic, meaning they were nutrient‐rich, they could experience algae blooms or macrophyte problems, and they were likely to exhibit poor water quality. Sustainable management measures and strategies are suggested to address the eutrophication problems of Malaysian lakes and reservoirs, with the national responses on lake and reservoir management also being discussed. 相似文献
17.
Sofia Luiza Brito Paulina Maria Maia‐Barbosa Ricardo Motta Pinto‐Coelho 《Lakes & Reservoirs: Research and Management》2011,16(4):253-264
The physical and chemical variables of the water, and the composition and structure of the zooplankton communities, in Três Marias and Furnas Reservoirs in Minas Gerais, Brazil, were compared to characterize these environments in relation to their trophic state. Higher values of electrical conductivity and chlorophyll‐a, total solids, suspended organic matter and total nitrogen concentrations were recorded in Três Marias Reservoir. Higher water transparency and nitrite and nitrate concentrations were observed in Furnas (P < 0.000). Higher zooplankton densities were always obtained in Três Marias Reservoir and, during the rainy period (P < 0.000), with mean values in the dry and rainy periods of 23 721 and 90 872 org m?3, respectively, in Três Marias Reservoir and 9022 and 40 434 org m?3, respectively, in Furnas Reservoir. Copepoda was the dominant group in both reservoirs, mainly the younger stages (nauplii and copepodids). Based on the absolute and relative values, the contribution of rotifers was higher in Três Marias Reservoir than in Furnas Reservoir. Although the Trophic State Index, based on water transparency and chlorophyll‐a and total phosphorus concentrations, indicated an oligotrophic state for both reservoirs, the higher densities of the zooplankton community in Três Marias Reservoir, as well as the predominance of cyclopoids and smaller‐sized species such as bosminids, characterized this environment as mesotrophic. Larger‐sized species such as calanoids, daphniids and sidids in Furnas Reservoir characterized the better water quality of this reservoir. 相似文献
18.
19.
John W. Faithful and Dilwyn J. Griffiths 《Lakes & Reservoirs: Research and Management》2000,5(4):231-247
The first flood event following a prolonged dry period is described for an impoundment, Lake Dalrymple, in tropical north‐eastern Australia. The event, in January 1996, generated substantial flow in the two main inflow sources: the Burdekin River from the north and the Suttor River from the south. Flow through the Burdekin River peaked early and then subsided to a lower level, but flow through the Suttor River persisted at a moderate level for over 15 days after the initial inflow. An extensive water quality survey was conducted on 16 January 1996 (seven days after the initial dam overflow) to determine the nature of the inflows originating from the two major subcatchments feeding the reservoir as they entered and passed through the impoundment. The inflow comprising waters of high turbidity and low conductivity occupied the mid‐column region along the two major inflow channels through the impoundment to the dam wall. The suspended particulate material in the form of silt and clay sized particles remained in suspension as the flow passed through the reservoir, due in part to the low ionic strength of the inflow and the relative densities of the inflowing and receiving waters. For both river sources, more than 50% of the total nitrogen and almost all of the total phosphorus were bound to the suspended particulate matter. Much of this was exported in the flow over the spillway. The highly turbid nature of the inflow resulted in strong attenuation of down‐welling photosynthetically active radiation (up to maximum attenuation values of 12.24 m–1 in the reservoir where the euphotic depth was only 0.38 m). The irradiance reflectance and the scattering coefficient were considerably higher than any reported for other Australian inland waters. Concentrations of viable chlorophyll a in the surface waters were very low (maximum value 3.4 μg L–1) because of the highly turbid conditions and extensive dilution by the inflow. The results of this study provide an example of the significant impact a large inflow of turbid, low conductance water can have on a large reservoir in the arid tropics following a prolonged dry period. During inflow events such as the one described in this paper, the reservoir becomes riverine in nature, and large amounts of suspended particulate matter and associated nutrients are transported through the reservoir. 相似文献
20.
不同库水位升降速度对大坝边坡稳定性的影响研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了提高水库的安全管理水平,以极限平衡为理论基础,使用GEO-SLOPE软件中的SEEP/W模块和SLOPE/W模块,分别计算了某水电站水库右岸边坡土体在不同水位升降速度情况下边坡稳定安全系数的变化规律。结果显示:在正常蓄水状态下,边坡稳定安全系数曲线变化趋势是先降低,然后升高,随后曲线趋于稳定。水位上升速率越快,边坡土体稳定安全系数越高,边坡越趋于稳定。但当蓄水速度超过一定数值时,边坡稳定性会降低。当库水位降低时,边坡稳定安全系数先降低,到达极小值之后再平稳上升。因此,为了保证大坝边坡的稳定,在建设水库中,水库在蓄水和排水过程要随时监测边坡内部的结构面状况;在水库运行调度中,应合理控制水位升降的速度。 相似文献