负载纳米TiO2织物的制备及甲醛降解

 为提高室内装饰织物对甲醛的吸附能力及过滤纺织材料对甲醛的过滤能力,采用射频磁控溅射方法,在纯棉机织物和涤纶针织物表面负载二氧化钛(TiO₂)功能纳米结构层。利用扫描电镜(SEM)和X射线衍射仪(XRD)分别分析其表面形貌和晶态结构,对2种负载TiO₂织物光催化降解甲醛气体的性能进行了对比分析。实验表明,在相同制备工艺条件下,TiO₂功能层的结构形态有较大区别,且负载纳米TiO₂的棉织物光催化降解甲醛气体的性能优于负载纳米TiO₂的涤纶织物。     

不同浓度卡拉胶对猪肉品质影响的研究

试验研究了不同浓度卡拉胶对猪肉的感官品质、色泽、保水性、蒸煮损失率及嫩度等品质指标的影响。结果表明,添加不同浓度的卡拉胶后,对猪肉的感官品质有一定的影响,对猪肉的色泽有负面的影响,不同浓度影响效果不同,一般高浓度的对猪肉感官品质的负面影响较大。卡拉胶浓度与猪肉的感官评分、剪切力之间的回归方程均具有统计学上的显著意义,与猪肉的色差、保水性及蒸煮损失率之间的回归方程不具有统计学上的显著意义。     

氧化石墨烯对丙纶非织造布抗静电改性研究

采用氧化石墨烯对丙纶非织造布进行抗静电改性。利用透射电子显微镜和扫描电子显微镜对氧化石墨烯和抗静电改性前后的丙纶非织造布的表面形态进行表征,并测试改性前后丙纶非织造布的抗静电性能及力学性能。结果表明:氧化石墨烯边缘带有褶皱结构;改性后丙纶非织造布纤维表面出现了沟槽和凹坑,氧化石墨烯附着在丙纶非织造布纤维表面;经氧化石墨烯改性的丙纶非织造布的抗静电性能和力学性能均得到较大的提高;且当氧化石墨烯的质量分数为1.2%时,改性后丙纶非织造布的综合性能达到最好。     

纳米TiO2光催化氧化紫丁香醇降解机理研究

采用自制纳米TiO2作光催化剂,在一定降解条件下,对木质素模型的紫丁香醇(SL-M)光催化降解的动力学进行了研究.实验结果表明,SL-M的光催化降解过程包括吸附和降解两个过程,SL-M在TiO2光催化剂表面上的吸附常数Ka=2.754×10-2,最大吸附量Qmax-=11.468 mg/g,运用L-H方程讨论了SL-M的降解动力学,并得到反应动力学方程1/r=3.675/c+0.1012.同时,探论了降解过程的各种单因素条件如溶液初始质量浓度、溶液pH值、曝气量对SL-M降解速率的影响.     

石榴皮提取物与焦磷酸钠复配对猪肉饼品质的影响

为探究焦磷酸钠(sodium pyrophosphate,TSPP)、异抗坏血酸钠(sodium D-isoascorbate,D-VCNa)与石榴皮提取物(pomegranate peel extract,PPE)复配使用在肉制品中是否具有协同增效作用,以丁基羟基茴香醚(butyl hydroyanisole,BHA...     

Effect of compressibility on heat transport phenomena in aerogel-treated nonwoven fabrics

The heat transport properties observed in nanostructured materials such as aerogel-treated nonwoven fabrics are promoting revolutionary breakthroughs as thermal insulators. This article is focused on the thermal transport characteristics of nonwoven fabrics treated with aerogel for potential uses in thermal protective applications. Highly efficient aerogel thermal blankets are now considered a viable option in applications such as clothing, building, and pipelines. A variety of fiber and fabric structures or finishing parameters influence the functional properties of nonwoven materials. In order to assess the thermal properties of aerogel-treated nonwoven fabrics, the KES Thermolabo II and NT-H1 (plate/fabric/plate method for thermal conductivity, q_max cool/warm feeling, and thermal insulation) was used. Fabrics of higher thicknesses show lower heat conductance and therefore higher thermal insulation properties. It has been found that thermal insulation is also related to the weight and compressional properties of the fabric. To make an insulating material effective, it should have low compression set and high resiliency to make the still air to be entrapped into the fibrous material.     

冰温贮藏结合不同包装方式对羊肉品质的影响

通过与传统冷藏比较,研究冰温贮藏结合不同包装方式(托盘、真空、气调)对羊肉货架期和品质的影响,确定适合于冰温贮藏的方式。结果表明:与冷藏相比,冰温贮藏可以显著延长羊肉货架期(p<0.05);冰温可以维持羊肉较好的感官品质和较低的菌落总数,冰温结合气调包装组在宰后19 d的菌落总数为5.67 lg CFU/g,仍在安全范围;冰温贮藏显著降低羊肉的加压失水率(p<0.05),其中冰温结合真空包装使羊肉维持一个稳定的保水力;包装方式及贮藏温度(冰温、冷藏)对硬度都没有产生显著性影响(p>0.05);冰温环境下,真空包装和气调包装都可以使羊肉维持较好的弹性;冰温结合气调包装可以较长时间维持羊肉的鲜红色。冰温结合真空包装或气调包装有利于维持贮藏过程中羊肉的品质。      

Photocatalytic activity,antibacterial effect,and photoinduced hydrophilicity of TiO2 films coated on a stainless steel substrate

Transparent TiO2 films on stainless steel prepared by dip coating in a nonionic microemulsions solution have been shown to have much higher photocatalytic activity than those coatings on glass. Fe3+ and Fe2+ ions, diffusing from stainless steel substrate into TiO2 films during high-temperature calcination, behave as dopants to significantly affect the films' photocatalytic activity. An optimum calcination condition, under which the amount of diffused Fe3+ and the ratio of Fe3+ to Fe2+ ions favor the film's photocatalytic reaction, was obtained. In addition, this TiO2 films also exhibits excellent photoinduced hydrophilicity and antibacterial effect for the sterilization of Bacillus pumilus. As stainless steel is a very common material, practical systems for pollution treatment and disinfection may be designed based on this enhanced coating.     

纳米二氧化钛的制备及在棉织物抗紫外整理中的应用

以钛酸丁酯和乙醇为原料，通过改变原料配比、pH值、反应温度等条件，采用溶胶一凝胶法制备纳米TiO2，优化其制备工艺．浸轧织物后进行抗紫外表征，结果表明：整理后的织物具有优异的抗紫外效果。     

Development of antibacterial fabrics by treatment with Ag-doped TiO2 nanoparticles

This paper deals with the antibacterial properties of nonwoven Co/PET and PP fabrics and woven cotton fabrics treated with the pad-dry-cure (PDC) and electrospray processes. Firstly, the surface modification of nonwoven Co/PET and PP fabrics was carried out to obtain their hydrophilicity by RF-plasma system using acrylic acid as the monomer. Subsequently, Ag-doped TiO₂ nanoparticles prepared by sol–gel and chemical reduction processes using titanium isopropoxide and silver nitrate as precursor were applied to the fabric samples by PDC and electrospray processes. The effect of different synthesis processes of the nanoparticles and various application processes on their antibacterial efficiency was investigated. After RF-plasma pretreatment, the absorbency properties of the fabric samples were measured. The antibacterial activity of fabric samples against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus was determined qualitatively and quantitatively according to AATCC Method 147 and AATCC Method 100, respectively. The microstructural characteristics and surface morphology of the fabric samples were investigated by SEM-EDX and FTIR-ATR analyses. These results suggest that Ag-doped TiO₂ nanoparticles synthesized by the chemical reduction process imparted good and durable antibacterial activity to nonwoven Co/PET and PP fabrics and woven cotton fabrics for use in wall textiles.     

载银纳米二氧化钛对棉织物的抗菌性能研究

采用载银纳米二氧化钛整理棉织物,并研究其质星浓度和焙烘温度对抗菌性能的影响,当整理液质量浓度为10 g/L,焙烘温度为130℃时,整理棉织物对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌的抑菌率均大于99.00%.测试了其抗菌耐久性,洗涤50次后,对两种细菌的抑菌率仍高于98.00%.探讨了载银纳米二氧化钛的抗菌机理,发现其通过银离子溶出和TiO2光催化达到抗菌效果,且二者间相互促进起到双重抗菌效果.     

纤维排列对热粘合型非织造布机械性质的影响

各向异性现象对于非织造布的结构和应用来说是一个重要的性质。纤维排列及其取向分配与纤维网的机械结构有关。本实验中，我们利用一台有一个随机罗拉的罗拉梳棉机的道夫来生产非织造布。通过转移罗拉上的纤维获得随机排列纤维。实验结果表明：在随机纤维网中，拉伸强力和     

完全可降解麻/PHB农用非织造篷盖材料的研发

应用麻纺中的麻下脚作原料,以热塑性聚酯材料PHB(聚β-羟基丁酸酯)为粘结材料,通过试验确定合理的非织造技术加工复合成型工艺,开发一种完全可生物降解的新型农用复合篷盖材料,并研究分析了面密度、热粘合温度和热粘合时间对产品性能的影响。     

不同金属离子掺杂对纳米二氧化钛光催化性能的影响

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备纳米二氧化钛光催化剂。通过在基材中加入金属离子,使其进入TiO2晶体中,研究以甲基橙溶液为模拟目标污染物,掺杂不同的过渡金属元素、改变焙烧温度和光照时间等对TiO2光催化活性的影响。结果表明：掺杂的过渡金属离子对TiO2颗粒的光催化性能有一定的影响,同等条件下掺杂不同过渡金属离子后TiO2颗粒的光催化效果不同,掺杂同种过渡金属离子的TiO2颗粒其焙烧温度和光照时间对催化性能也有一定的影响。     

The effects of irradiation on quality of injected fresh pork loins

A comparison of irradiation effects on injected and uninjected fresh pork loin quality was conducted. Sixty pork loins from pigs of similar genetics were obtained from a pork harvesting facility immediately prior to processing. Thirty loins were injected with a brine composed of 2.17% salt/3.04% phosphate/20.8% lactate brine while thirty were not injected. Injected loins were pumped to 13% added weight. Ten loins of each group of thirty were not irradiated while an additional 10 loins were irradiated at 2.2 kGy and the final ten loins were irradiated at 4.4 kGy. Lipid oxidation, color, purge, volatiles, and tenderness were measured on sections of the treated loins after 0, 7, 21, and 35 days of refrigerated storage. Lipid oxidation was minimal for the 0 and the 2.2 kGy-treated loins, but was significantly greater (P<0.05) at day 35 for the loins treated with 4.4 kGy. Warner-Bratzler shear (WBS) force measurements were significantly lower (P<0.05) for the injected loins, but irradiation did not have an effect on shear force. Purge was significantly lower for the uninjected loins irradiated at 2.2 kGy than for those irradiated at 0 and 4.4 kGy. The injection treatment did not alter the effects of irradiation on the quality characteristics measured.     

TiO2光催化降解橡椀栲胶的研究

通过CODcr表征,利用悬浮态TiO2对溶液中橡椀栲胶光催化降解作用进行了研究。结果发现,碱性条件下,紫外灯光直接照射,栲胶溶液的浓度为0.5 g/L,TiO2用量为1.0 g/L,降解效果较好;外加H2O2对橡椀栲胶的光催化降解有极大的促进作用,但这种促进作用会因为光生电子效率的影响而有一个极限值。     

弱酸性染料的铁氮共掺杂纳米TiO_2光催化降解

以硝酸铁为铁源、尿素为氮源、钛酸四丁酯为钛源,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备铁氮共掺杂纳米TiO2光催化剂(Fe—N—TiO2)。利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、红外光谱仪(FT-IR)和紫外-可见吸收光谱仪(UV-Vis),表征分析所制备的Fe—N—TiO2光催化剂的晶体结构和光谱性质;以弱酸性红RN染料为目标降解物,研究测试其可见光催化性能。结果表明,所制备的Fe—N—TiO2光催化剂为锐钛矿相,平均粒径为17.1 nm;其吸收边带红移至528 nm,禁带宽度为2.35 eV。在300 W金卤灯照射下,光催化反应240 min,0.12 g Fe—N—TiO2光催化剂对100mL质量浓度为5mg/L、染液初始pH值为5的弱酸性红RN染料的降解率达97.28%。     

乳化棕榈油对猪肉贡丸品质的影响

文中研究了使用大豆分离蛋白乳化的棕榈油部分或全部(50%和100%)替代猪背膘对猪肉贡丸品质及肉糜流变性的影响。添加乳化棕榈油,提高贡丸的L*值、b*值和硬度值。增加乳化棕榈油添加量,显著提高(P0.05)贡丸的水分和蛋白质含量,能量值从1 006.42 k J/100 g降到811.07 k J/100 g。与100%猪背膘和100%乳化棕榈油肉糜相比,50%乳化棕榈油肉糜的蒸煮得率最高。在80℃时,50%乳化棕榈油肉糜的G'值最高(17.5 k Pa),对照组最低(15.8 k Pa)。因此,使用50%乳化棕榈油替代猪背膘的贡丸品质最好。     

气密性涂层织物的拉伸性能探讨

测试分析了4种涂层织物涂层前后拉伸性能的变化,结果表明,织物经涂层后其拉伸断裂强度和断裂伸长率都有不同程度的增长,且涂层对织物经、纬向拉伸性能的影响不同。对试验4种涂层织物而言,涂层增重率对织物经纬向拉伸性能的影响不同;在相似增重率条件下,涤纶基布涂层织物的经向拉伸变化率较锦／棉基布涂层织物的显著。     

Effect of substituting pork backfat with rind on quality characteristics of pork sausage

A study was conducted in which pork backfat in pork sausage was replaced with rind at 0, 33, 66 and 100% levels. The high moisture and high protein content of rind consequently influenced the moisture and protein content of the final products. The fat level decreased with increase in the level of rind in the sausage. The lowest fat content of 7.99% was recorded on batch 4 sausage with 100% rind replacement level. Replacement of pork backfat with rind decreased refrigeration and cooking weight losses. The values obtained for sensory properties decreased with increase in the level of rind in the sausage. Up to 66% pork backfat can be replaced with rind in pork sausage without adverse effect on processing yield.