长玻璃纤维增强尼龙6复合材料力学性能的研究

研究以聚丙烯接枝马来酸酐(PP-g-MAH)和聚烯烃弹性体接枝马来酸酐(POE-g-MAH)为界面相容剂的长玻璃纤维增强尼龙6(LGF/PA 6)复合材料的力学性能,并与短玻璃纤维增强尼龙6(SGF/PA 6)复合材料的力学性能进行对比。结果表明:LGF/PA 6复合材料的拉伸强度、弯曲强度和弯曲模量均随着玻璃纤维含量的增加呈直线上升趋势,玻璃纤维质量分数达到40%时,增强效果十分显著;在添加相同含量的玻璃纤维时,LGF/PA 6复合材料的拉伸强度、弯曲强度、弯曲模量低于SGF/PA 6复合材料;2种复合材料的冲击强度均随着玻璃纤维含量的增加呈非线性增加,当添加相同含量的玻璃纤维时,LGF/PA 6复合材料的冲击强度高于SGF/PA 6复合材料;两种界面相容剂均改善了玻璃纤维与PA 6的界面性能,显著提高了复合材料的冲击强度,其中添加PP-g-MAH的LGF/PA 6复合材料的冲击强度的提高高于添加POE-g-MAH的,但拉伸强度和弯曲强度均有不同程度降低,其中添加POE-g-MAH的LGF/PA 6复合材料的拉伸强度、弯曲强度和弯曲模量下降得较为明显。     

相容剂对玻璃纤维增强聚丙烯力学性能和形变的影响

制备了不同相容剂含量的玻璃纤维增强聚丙烯,并对其力学性能和形变进行分析,初步探讨了机理。结果表明,作为相容剂,聚丙烯接枝马来酸酐的用量为1％～3％较合适。     

长玻璃纤维增强聚丙烯复合材料的力学性能

采用自主开发的在线混合生产设备,以玻璃纤维(GF)和聚丙烯(PP)为原料,制备了长玻璃纤维增强聚丙烯(LFT-PP)复合材料。研究了GF长度、分散度以及界面改性剂对LFT-PP力学性能的影响。结果表明,GF长度的增加,有利于提高LFT-PP的弯曲强度和冲击强度,对弯曲模量的影响很小。添加适量的界面改性剂有利于提高复合材料的弯曲性能,但是降低了其冲击强度。     

热氧老化对长玻璃纤维增强聚丙烯复合材料的力学性能影响

将熔融浸渍制备的长玻璃纤维(LGF)增强聚丙烯(PP)与PP按照不同比例熔融共混,制备了不同LGF含量的LGF增强PP复合材料。研究了老化时间、LGF含量对LGF增强PP复合材料力学性能的影响。结果表明：随着LGF含量的增加,LGF增强PP复合材料的断裂伸长率稍有下降,拉伸强度、弯曲强度、弯曲模量、冲击强度及缺口冲击强度都显著提高。老化时间的延长,对低LGF含量的LGF增强PP复合材料的力学性能影响不大;老化时间较长时,高LGF含量的LGF增强PP复合材料的总体力学性能有所下降。     

长玻璃纤维增强聚丙烯复合材料的力学性能研究

采用熔体浸渍技术制备了长玻璃纤维母料(LGF/PP-g-MAH/PP)增强聚丙烯(PP)复合材料(LGF/PP)。通过双螺杆挤出机制备了同等配比的短玻纤增强聚丙烯(SGF/PP)复合材料。研究了LGF含量、环氧树脂(EP)和固化剂(2E4MZ)对LGF/PP复合材料的力学性能影响。结果表明:当LGF质量分数为35%～40%时,LGF/PP的综合力学性能最好,且明显优于同样组成的SGF/PP复合材料。EP和含固化剂(2E4MZ)的EP对LGF/PP复合材料的力学性能提高有一定的作用。SEM照片分析表明:EP的加入能改善玻纤与聚丙烯基体的界面粘接。     

玻纤增强PP热塑性片材的制备及力学性能研究

采用熔融浸渍法制备了玻璃纤维毡增强聚丙烯（PP）热塑性复合片材;通过在PP中加入复合改性PP改善了基体与增强纤维间的相容性;考察了相容剂、PP种类及玻纤毡种类对复合片材的影响。结果表明,相容剂的加入可使复合片材的拉伸强度提高29％、拉伸模量提高23％、弯曲强度提高42％、弯曲模量提高25％;高熔体质量流动速率PP可使片材的弯曲与冲击性能进一步改善。连续玻纤毡和长玻纤毡增强PP复合片材,前者综合力学性能良好,而后者则冲击强度较弱、弯曲性能加强。     

长玻璃纤维增强聚丙烯复合材料的研究

利用自制的熔体浸渍装置制备了长玻璃纤维增强聚丙烯(PP)复合材料。考察了PP基体流动性、玻璃纤维与PP界面结合强度、玻纤用量对复合材料力学性能的影响。结果表明:PP基体流动性越好,材料的力学性能越高;相容剂的使用会提高玻璃纤维和PP树脂界面的结合强度,从而提高材料的力学性能;材料的力学性能随玻纤用量的增加出现先增大后减小的趋势,当玻纤用量为50%时,复合材料力学性能最佳。     

吸水对连续玻璃纤维增强聚丙烯复合材料的力学性能影响的研究

采用连续玻璃纤维增强聚丙烯(PP)预浸布制备复合材料层压板,通过人工加速老化的方法,对不同铺层的连续玻璃纤维增强PP复合材料进行常温、60℃、80℃的海水浸泡实验,研究连续玻璃纤维增强PP复合材料的弯曲强度随老化时间、老化温度等因素的变化规律及性能退化趋势。研究表明,老化初期吸水趋势符合菲克扩散,老化程度与时间和温度成正比关系。对试样断裂部分拍摄扫描电子显微镜(SEM)图像,观察不同环境条件下样品老化情况,老化温度越高、时间越长,增强纤维与树脂基体界面腐蚀越严重。     

玻璃纤维增强聚丙烯复合材料力学性能的研究进展

综述了玻璃纤维的质量分数、长度、界面结合及加工工艺等对玻璃纤维增强聚丙烯复合材料性能的影响;展望了玻璃纤维增强聚丙烯复合材料的发展前景。     

偶联剂对玻纤增强PP复合材料力学性能的影响

选取5种不同型号的偶联剂,采用湿法改性对玻纤表面进行处理,制备聚丙烯/玻纤(PP/GF)复合材料。通过PP/GF的界面行为表征,分析了不同偶联剂对PP/GF复合材料的影响规律。结果表明:GF经偶联剂改性的PP/GF复合材料与未改性的相比,材料力学性能得到大幅度提高。其中以偶联剂KH560改性效果最理想,拉伸强度达到59.14 MPa,压缩强度为70.69 MPa,冲击强度为10.14 kJ/m2。     

Enhancement of mechanical properties of high modulus polypropylene grade for multilayer sewage pipes applications

Advances in technology have provided fresh generations of stiff polypropylene block copolymers for gravity sewerage applications. The aim of this study is to further enhance the stiffness of these materials through the incorporation of inorganic fillers. In this study, three talc filled PP and one glass fiber filled PP composites were characterized in order to be used as a middle layer in a three-layer sewage pipe. The obtained results showed an increase of approximately more than 100% and 250% in tensile and flexural moduli by the use of 30%–50 wt% talc-filled PP and 30 wt.% glass fiber-filled PP, respectively. This high increase in the rigidity of the material would allow manufacturing pipes with improving ring stiffness. Composites filled with 30 wt% talc or glass fiber showed good filler-matrix interaction and good filler distribution and dispersion. However, reduced filler-matrix interaction was observed in the case of the composite filled with 50 wt% talc. In addition, the use of Differential Scanning Calorimetry analysis revealed that the addition of fillers enhanced the crystallization temperature of the polypropylene matrix. Furthermore, Thermogravimetric Analysis showed that the high modulus PP grade retained its thermal stability in the various composites.     

Dynamic mechanical properties of the chemical oxidation on UHMWPE fibers for improved adhesion to epoxy resin matrix

The improved adhesion of an ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) fiber to an epoxy from applying polypyrrole (PPy) was investigated using chemical oxidation polymerization. The interfacial shear strength of the PPy-treated fiber/epoxy was enhanced by 280%. Such an improvement was verified in the previous research using a pull-out test. Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) and a morphological examination were performed to evaluate the characteristics of the molecular motions of the UHMWPE fiber/PPy/epoxy composites. Two composite materials, a UHMWPE fiber/PPy and a UHMWPE fiber/PPy/epoxy, were tested by DMA. The results show that both the α_c transitions of the PPy-treated fibers and its composites shift toward higher temperature. In the SEM photos of the UHMWPE fiber/PPy, a very clear roughening effect on the surface of PPy-treated UHMWPE fiber was also observed, which contributes much to the modification of the interface to the epoxy. The results show that an adhesion improvement mechanism for the PPy-treaded UHMWPE fiber is due to the surface roughening effect and the intermolecular interaction. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 68: 1387–1395, 1998     

丙纶纤维自增强聚丙烯树脂的研究

以丙纶纤维为增强体,聚丙烯树脂为基体,采用热压成型的方法制备丙纶纤维/PP复合材料板材.研究了不同热压温度、不同纤度的丙纶纤维用量对复合材料力学性能的影响.结果表明:本实验最佳热压温度为195℃,在此温度下,随着纤维用量的增加,复合材料的拉伸强度呈先升后降的趋势,在用量为15%时达到最高点,纤度为240D的丙纶纤维/P...     

Effect of hybridization and compatibilization on the mechanical properties of recycled polypropylene‐hemp composites

Hemp fibers and particles, with different sizes and contents, were used to make hybrid composites based on recycled polypropylene (PP). In particular, the effect of maleated polypropylene (MAPP) addition on the morphology and mechanical properties is reported. The results show that better adhesion is obtained with MAPP addition. In general, fiber content and size had a substantial effect on the tensile, flexural, torsion, and impact properties of the resulting composites. Although, adding MAPP to the samples improved the impact strength of the composites, the values were always lower than neat PP. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012     

Epoxy-based divinyl ester resin/styrene copolymers: Composition dependence of the mechanical and thermal properties

Epoxy-based divinyl ester resins (DVER) were obtained by reacting diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) with methacrylic acid (MA) and characterized by FTIR and ¹H-NMR spectroscopies and gel permeation chromatography (GPC). The densities and viscosities of the DVER in styrene (S) solutions were measured at different temperatures, 25, 40, and 60°C and compositions, 3.4 to 100% by weight of styrene. Dynamic mechanical measurements (DMA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were used to determine the glass transition temperatures of the homopolymers and the DVER/S copolymers: 20, 40, 60, and 80% by weight of styrene. The values obtained are in the range limited by the homopolymers glass transition, 100°C for polystyrene and 173°C for the cured DVER. The data were well fitted if two contributions to the glass transition are taken into account: the “linear copolymer” contribution (Fox eq.) and the “crosslinking” contribution (Nielsen model). Uniaxial static compression tests were carried out to determine the modulus, yield stress, and ultimate stress in samples with different compositions. All the mentioned properties decrease with an increase in the styrene concentration in the final copolymer. It was found that the volumetric contraction during curing increases with styrene concentration. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 66: 1059–1066, 1997     

Study on properties of low dielectric loss resin matrix

Allyl phenyl compounds, allyl epoxy resins, and epoxy acrylate resins are adapted to copolymerize with bismaleimide (BMI) resins and to modify mechanical properties and processing properties. Reaction activity, physical properties, mechanical properties, dielectric properties, and thermal stability were investigated. Impact strength and flexural strength of modified BMI resin are increased about twice and 42% than that of pure BMI resin, respectively. Fracture elongation is from 1.6 to 2.3%. The fracture surfaces of the broken specimens are examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). As a result, modified BMI resins put up typical toughness rupture. The modified BMI resins possess excellent dielectric properties, and dielectric constant and dielectric loss almost hold the line with increasing epoxy concentration. When the test frequency scope is from 1 to 20 GHz, the dielectric constant and dielectric loss of modified BMI resins is 3.05–3.12 and 0.0089–0.012, respectively. The modified BMI resins still possess fine properties after hydrothermal aging. After 100 h in boiling water, the reservation ratios of both the impact strength and flexural strength of modified system exceeded 90%, and the water absorption and heat distortion temperature (HDT) is 2.6% and 235°C, respectively. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102: 315–319, 2006     

Development of high Tg epoxy resin and mechanical properties of its fiber‐reinforced composites

A new epoxy resin with high glass transition temperature (T_g) (～ 180°C) and a viscosity low enough for infiltration into dry reinforcements at 40°C was developed for the vacuum‐assisted resin transfer molding process. To study the curing behavior and viscosity, several blends were formulated using multifunctional resin, aromatic hardener, and reactive diluents. Effects of these components on the viscosity and T_g were investigated by thermomechanical analysis, dynamic scanning calorimetry, and rheometer. Experimental results showed that a liquid aromatic hardener and multifunctional epoxy resin should be used to decrease the viscosity to <1 Pa·s at 40°C. Moreover, the addition of a proper reactive diluent decreased the viscosity and simultaneously minimized the deterioration of T_g. Mechanical properties of the composite produced with the optimized blend were evaluated at both room‐temperature and high‐temperature conditions. According to the results, the composite showed comparable mechanical properties with that of the current commercial resin. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013     

热处理对MMT填充PP的力学性能影响

研究了热处理对聚丙烯(PP)/钠基蒙脱土(MMT)复合材料力学性能的影响。结果表明:适当地对共混体系进行热处理,可有效改善材料的拉伸性能、弯曲性能及冲击性能,拉伸强度及弯曲强度最大增幅分别可提高2 MPa和4 MPa。PP/MMT共混体系力学性能的增加在于体系中聚合物结晶结构的完善及热应力的消除。     

长玻璃纤维增强聚丙烯复合材料热模压成型工艺的研究

为了提高LGFRP模压制品的基本力学性能及其性能的稳定性,把热模压成型过程细分为预热工序、模压工序和成型操作三个部分,分别对应片材加热温度、保温时间、成型压力、模具温度、保压时间、坯料转移时间以及模压排气次数七个热模压成型工艺参数,运用正交试验和单因素试验方法,分析和讨论了各工艺参数对LGFRP复合材料热模压件力学性能的影响,并优化出了较佳的工艺参数组合。结果表明,工艺参数对力学性能的影响度大小受工艺条件的影响,并且细化成型工艺可提高LGFRP热模压制品的力学性能与热模压工艺的稳定性。     

Ablation and mechanical properties of ZrC-reinforced PBI resin matrix composites

With the rapid development of laser technology, there is an increasing demand for laser protective materials. Thus, the mechanical and ablation properties of composite materials need to be further enhanced. Herein, solution impregnation and hot-press molding were used to develop composites containing various mass ratios of ZrC to polybenzimidazole (PBI) resin (thickness = 3 mm) for laser ablation applications. The results showed that adding short carbon fiber (SCF) to ZrC/PBI composites improves the ablation and mechanical properties. The ZrC/PBI/SCF composites were ablated using a high-energy continuous laser (7 kW cm⁻²), and the composites did not burn through. The composites did not peel off or split as the ablation process progressed. With the increase in the ZrC content in the composites, dense oxide layers are formed, enhancing the ablation properties of the composites. The ZrC/PBI/SCF composite (the ZrC/PBI mass ratio = 2:1) exhibited the lowest mass loss (2.24%), mass ablation rate (0.119 mg s⁻¹) and linear ablation rate (0.032 mm s⁻¹). This indicates that ZrC/PBI/SCF composites can be used as protective materials in high-energy continuous laser applications.