中国采煤工作面瓦斯涌出规律及其控制研究

将采煤工作面瓦斯来源划分为煤壁、采落煤和采空区３部分,并给出了各部分瓦斯涌出量的计算公式,研究了回采过程,煤层群不同的开采顺序以及厚煤层分层开采时的瓦斯涌出 述了中国煤矿采矿工作面采用不同的通风系统、脉冲通风以及瓦斯抽放等控制瓦斯涌出的原理与技术的新成果,介绍了瓦斯涌出量达１５０ｍ＾３／ｍｉｎ的综采放顶煤工作面瓦斯控制技术实例。     

高瓦斯综采工作面下行通风技术实践

针对潘三1542(3) 高瓦斯缓倾斜煤层综采工作面瓦斯涌出量大、回风流瓦斯超限的现实条件,分析了工作面瓦斯来源及其比例,查明工作面上行通风时瓦斯治理效果差的原因;研究并实施下行通风方式,及时调整工作面风量,配合顶板高位走向钻孔抽采瓦斯措施,提高了瓦斯治理效果,消除了工作面风流瓦斯超限,实现了工作面的安全高产高效.     

阳泉三矿大采长综放工作面瓦斯涌出特征分析

大采长综放工作面单位时间内瓦斯涌出量增大,经常造成工作面回风隅角和回风巷瓦斯质量浓度超限.通过分析综放工作面瓦斯涌出源,可以了解其瓦斯涌出特征.对阳泉三矿大采长K8206综放工作面初采期和回采期的瓦斯涌出规律的分析可知,初采期瓦斯涌出量具有大幅度波动性,其原因主要为采空区瓦斯不断地、周期性地涌入.正常回采期,只要高抽巷的抽放负压足够大,邻近层瓦斯涌入工作面的问题就能解决;而大采长综放工作面本煤层瓦斯涌出量增大,则需要增加通风量或者采用新的通风方式.     

阳泉三矿大采长综放工作面瓦斯涌出特征分析

大采长综放工作面单位时间内瓦斯涌出量增大,经常造成工作面回风隅角和回风巷瓦斯质量浓度超限.通过分析综放工作面瓦斯涌出源,可以了解其瓦斯涌出特征.对阳泉三矿大采长K8206综放工作面初采期和回采期的瓦斯涌出规律的分析可知,初采期瓦斯涌出量具有大幅度波动性,其原因主要为采空区瓦斯不断地、周期性地涌入.正常回采期,只要高抽巷的抽放负压足够大,邻近层瓦斯涌入工作面的问题就能解决;而大采长综放工作面本煤层瓦斯涌出量增大,则需要增加通风量或者采用新的通风方式.     

漳村煤矿设瓦斯巷综放面瓦斯分布及涌出特征

由于综放工作面开采强度大,引起瓦斯涌出量成倍增加,严重制约着工作面的安全生产．针对瓦斯涌出强度大的问题,通过在山西潞安矿务局漳村煤矿综放工作面布置测点、测线,进行现场观测和研究,分析论述了工作面设置排放瓦斯巷解决瓦斯严重超限问题时,综放工作面的瓦斯分布状况及涌出特征．     

回采工作面下行通风的研究

本文在现场对比实验和相似模型实验的基础上，采用理论分析与实践相结合的方法，研究了下行通风时沼气涌出和分布的规律、降尘和降温的效果与机理、发生外因火灾时风流的逆转规律以及能够抑制采空区自然发火的原因，并全面分析了下行通风的优缺点和存在问题。提出了下行通风的合理使用条件，得出了下行通风时断面最高沼气浓度比上行通风低、沼气层长度比上行通风短、吹散沼气层所需风速也比上行通风小，而且倾角愈大它们之间的差异也愈大的重要结论。研究结果表明，采面使用下行道风后，煤尘浓度可降低２０～６０％，倾角愈大，降尘效果愈好；在相同火势的情况下下行通风本侧风路比上行通风旁侧风路风流发生逆转时所需的温度低、时间短；下行通风能有效地降低采面温度１～５℃，工作面愈长、走向长度愈长、倾角愈大、原岩温度梯度愈大、机械化程度愈高，其降温的效果也愈好。建议修改《煤矿安全规程》时，取消对下行通风的限制。     

低瓦斯煤层工作面瓦斯涌出量预测与防治

利用瓦斯地质数学模型法建立了工作面瓦斯涌出量数学模型,预测了未采区工作面瓦斯涌出量.瓦斯涌出量等值线大体上沿北东方向展布,并具有随煤层埋深增加而增大的总体趋势.依据工作面瓦斯涌出量构成及瓦斯涌出量预测结果,提出了工作面瓦斯治理的两套措施,即采空区瓦斯抽放和下行风加专用排瓦斯巷.     

低瓦斯煤层工作面瓦斯涌出量预测与防治

利用瓦斯地质数学模型法建立了工作面瓦斯涌出量数学模型,预测了未采区工作面瓦斯涌出量.瓦斯涌出量等值线大体上沿北东方向展布,并具有随煤层埋深增加而增大的总体趋势.依据工作面瓦斯涌出量构成及瓦斯涌出量预测结果,提出了工作面瓦斯治理的两套措施,即采空区瓦斯抽放和下行风加专用排瓦斯巷.     

回采工作面下行通风的研究

本文在现场对比实验和相似模型实验的基础上，采用理论分析与实践相结合的方法，研究了下行通风时沼气涌出和分布的规律、降尘和降温的效果与机理、发生外因火灾时风流的逆转规律以及能够抑制采空区自然发火的原因，并全面分析了下行通风的优缺点和存在问题，提出了下行通风的合理使用条件，得出了下行通风时断面最高沼气浓度比上行通风低、沼气层长度比上行通风短、吹散沼气层所需风速也比上行通风小，而且倾角愈大它们之间的差异也     

前进式预埋管法抽放采空区瓦斯的试验研究

以采空区瓦斯涌出规律为基础，探讨了采空区瓦斯的治理原则；并以平煤（集团）公司十矿２０１３０综采面为试验点，进行了前进式预埋管法抽放采空区瓦斯的试验研究．研究结果表明：该技术不仅对解决采空区上隅角瓦斯积聚问题具有重要作用，而且还为采空区瓦斯资源的开发利用提供了实用技术．     

Effect of single dead end entry inclination on DPM plume dispersion

Diesel particulate matter(DPM) is a by-product from operating diesel engines. Since diesel powers are one of the major sources of energy for mobile underground mining equipment, the adverse health effects of DPM are of a great concern. This paper used computational fluid dynamics(CFD) method to study the effect of entry inclination on DPM plume distribution in a dead end entry. An upward mining face and a downward mining face were built with a truck and a loader in loading operation close to the face area. A species transport model with incorporated buoyancy effect was used to examine the DPM dispersion pattern for the above steady-state scenarios. High DPM and temperature regions were identified for the two different faces. The model was used to assess the role of auxiliary ventilation in reducing DPM exposures of underground miners working in those entries. In this study, it is suggested to provide local ventilation at least three times of the diesel exhaust rate to be able to lower the average DPM level for the mining upward face. The requirement for local ventilation is much less for the mining downward face. This can provide guidelines for good working practices and selection of diesel emission reduction technologies underground.     

Numerical simulation to determine the gas explosion risk in longwall goaf areas: A case study of Xutuan Colliery

Underground gassy longwall mining goafs may suffer potential gas explosions during the mining process because of the irregularity of gas emissions in the goaf and poor ventilation of the working face, which are risks difficult to control. In this work, the 3235 working face of the Xutuan Colliery in Suzhou City, China, was researched as a case study. The effects of air quantity and gas emission on the three-dimensional distribution of oxygen and methane concentration in the longwall goaf were studied. Based on the revised Coward’s triangle and linear coupling region formula, the coupled methane-oxygen explosive hazard zones (CEHZs) were drawn. Furthermore, a simple practical index was proposed to quantitatively determine the gas explosion risk in the longwall goaf. The results showed that the CEHZs mainly focus on the intake side where the risk of gas explosion is greatest. The CEHZ is reduced with increasing air quantity. Moreover, the higher the gas emission, the larger the CEHZ, which moves towards the intake side at low goaf heights and shifts to the deeper parts of the goaf at high heights. In addition, the risk of gas explosion is reduced as air quantities increase, but when gas emissions increase to a higher level (greater than 50 m³/min), the volume of the CEHZ does not decrease with the increase of air quantity, and the risk of gas explosion no longer shows a linear downward trend. This study is of significance as it seeks to reduce gas explosion accidents and improve mine production safety.     

煤矿采区瓦斯抽放系统设计及应用

当工作面瓦斯浓度较高,采用通风方法无法解决时,必须建立瓦斯抽放系统实施瓦斯抽放.针对郑煤集团芦沟煤矿的32101采煤工作面瓦斯浓度较高的情况,设计了采煤工作面瓦斯抽放系统,具体包括管路敷设路线、管径、瓦斯抽放泵、抽放孔布置和参数以及相应安全技术措施.应用表明,该瓦斯抽放系统有效地降低了32101工作面瓦斯涌出量,保证了该采煤工作面的安全生产.     

Characteristics of Gas Emission at Super-Length Fully-Mechanized Top Coal Caving Face

Characteristics of gas emission at the K8206 working face in the Third mine of the Yangquan Coal Group were investigated.The effects of strata movement, advancing velocity of working face, production capacity of working face and gas extraction capability of strike high-level entry on gas emission at K8206 working face were analyzed.A regression equation, reflecting the relationship between relative gas emission rate and the production capacity of working faces, was established.Another regression equation showing the relationship between the gas emission rate from adjacent layers when the working face was advancing for one metre and advancing velocity was derived.It can be concluded that, 1) the amount of gas emitted at the K8206 working face is far greater than that of ordinary top coal caving faces with a dip length of 180-190 m; 2) the dynamic process of gas emission from adjacent layers during the initial mining stage is controlled by the movement of key strata; 3) the amount of gas emitted that needs to be forced out by air is greatly affected by the capability of gas extraction; 4) when the advancing velocity is between 3.5-5.5 m/d or when the output is up to 8-12 kt/d, the gas emission from adjacent layers is almost constant.     

“三软”低透气突出煤层瓦斯综合治理研究

＂三软＂低透气性突出煤层瓦斯抽放工作是目前国内瓦斯治理的难题.通过对永华公司二矿＂三软＂低透气性高瓦斯煤层影响因素的分析,提出了详细的煤巷掘进瓦斯抽放、采煤工作面瓦斯抽放及煤体注水的瓦斯综合治理方案,并进行了工业性试验.结果表明,采用此瓦斯综合治理方案后,掘进工作面及回风流的瓦斯体积分数保持在0.1%以下,工作面瓦斯抽放率达40%以上,工作面瓦斯体积分数控制在0.5%以下,工作面煤壁强度得到了强化,瓦斯涌出得到了控制,不仅提高了工作面的单产水平,而且煤巷掘进速度也达到了每月90 m以上,实现了工作面及煤巷的安全、快速推进.     

大采高、高瓦斯综采面瓦斯综合治理技术

针对潘三煤矿综采工作面大采高、瓦斯涌出量大的现实条件,研究并并实施以顶板高抽巷抽采瓦斯为主,风排管理并重的综合瓦斯治理技术,杜绝了大采高、高瓦斯综采工作面瓦斯超限现象,提高了工作面的单产,实现了煤与瓦斯共采,取得了显著的经济效益和社会效益.研究成果对类似条件下的煤炭开采具有指导价值.     

瓦斯分布与风量及瓦斯涌出量关系的数值模拟

煤矿瓦斯事故频发,危害严重,用计算机模拟矿井掘进巷道中的瓦斯分布与积聚是优化通风方案的重要手段.本文根据流体动力学理论,对局部通风掘进巷道中的瓦斯分布与积聚进行数值模拟,分析了在风量和瓦斯涌出量变化的情况下瓦斯体积分数的分布规律.结果表明,当风量和瓦斯涌出量成比例变化时,低体积分数区域的瓦斯大致按比例变化,高体积分数区域的瓦斯体积分数并不是成比例变化.     

综放采场J型通风系统治理高瓦斯涌出的研究

根据潞安王庄煤矿5201综放工作面实际条件，在成功实施沿空小断面留巷的基础上，提出了综放采场J型通风系统治理高瓦斯涌出的方法及其调控技术．J型通风系统本质上是以通风方法按工作面瓦斯来源分别治理高瓦斯涌出的一种新型“一进两回(排)”通风系统，现场应用表明，利用该系统能从根本上消除工作面和上隅角局部瓦斯积聚，实现高产高效综放开采．