一种基于超材料的极化无关超宽带吸波器

提出了一种新的基于氮化钽金属膜和多孔泡沫介质的具有超宽带吸收特性的超材料吸波器.吸收率大于80％的频段为15.5～47.2 GHz(在18.3 GHz,达到最大吸收率99.89％),相对带宽约为101％,完全覆盖了K波段、Ka波段,部分覆盖了U波段.对于斜入射的横电波、横磁波具有较宽角度的吸波性能.由于吸波单元的金属图案设计为5个同心圆环结构,具有全向旋转对称性,因而是极化无关的.该吸波器结构简单.容易制作,在电磁隐身、电磁兼容等领域具有重要应用价值.     

双各向异性Meta材料矩形波导中的导波模分析

将开口谐振环(SRR)作为加载单元,分析了含有Meta材料矩形波导的新型传输特性.由于SRR所引起的双各向异性效应,横电波将出现传播常数随频率增高而减小的异常TEm0模式以及单模传输频带范围增大的TE0n 模式.特别地,当Meta材料成为单轴双各向异性介质时,横电波和横磁波在此新型介质波导中的相速度能够减慢,甚至达到零速度传播.     

单壁纳米管薄膜在THz波段的电导性质

利用有效介质模型,理论上计算了单壁纳米管薄膜的太赫兹(THz)波段的光导.理论的计算解释了最近的实验结果并发现了纳米管薄膜的电导随入射光频率增加而减小.同时也计算了不同填充因子下单壁纳米管薄膜材料在太赫兹波段的电导函数曲线.     

CNT 在THz 波段散射特性的研究

本文研究了单壁碳纳米管在THz 波段的散射特性。首先,建立了金属性碳纳米管散射体模型。通过严格的级数展开,给出了单壁碳纳米管散射场和透射场的表达式。其次,以TM 波为例,分别在平面波正入射及斜入射的条件下,研究其散射场及散射宽度的特性。通过散射场、感应电流、散射宽度,有效地描述了碳纳米管在THz 的散射特性。研究结果对利用碳纳米管进行THz 的探测具有一定意义。     

SRR异向介质特性研究及其在导波结构中的应用

将SRR异向介质引入导波结构.研究表明:含有SRR异向介质的平行平板波导和矩形波导将出现无截止频率传播和单模传输频带增大的横电波和横磁波.而对于含有异向介质的非辐射介质波导和H波导,纵剖面磁(LSM)波型和纵剖面电(LSE)波型的相速度能够减慢,并且会引起功率流动的增强.另外,LSM波型和LSE波型有时会出现传播常数随频率增高而减小的异常高次模式.利用异向介质的双各向异性效应可以有效减少LSM和LSE波型的高次模漏波现象.尤其当异向介质取单负参数时,高次模漏波将可以被完全抑制.     

一种新型频率选择表面单元研究

以圆环单元为基础提出了一种新型的频率选择表面(FSS)结构单元,即在圆环单元内部设置一偶极子单元,运用谱域Galerkin方法对这种单元结构的传输特性进行了数值分析。结果表明该新单元结构在平面电磁波30°和45°倾斜入射的情况下,横电波(TE波)、横磁波(TM波)在11.5 GHz的透射比较高,而在14 GHz附近,TE、TM波的透射特性完全相反,实现了极化分离的特点。     

利用小型化频率选择表面实现宽带电磁透明

为了实现微波宽带高透明性材料,采用了小型化频率选择表面的方法,设计了一种由一层容性贴片和一层S形感性网栅构成的电磁透明材料,结果表明,这种电磁透明材料-1 dB相对带宽可达99.4%,实验结果与仿真结果吻合。同时,斜入射实验结果显示,该结构在横电波和横磁波偏振入射波40°角入射条件下仍具有较好的角度稳定性。     

中红外区基质折射率对碳化硅颗粒散射强度的影响

基于Mie散射理论,对不同基质中的碳化硅材料散射强度进行数值计算与理论分析,得到了中红外波段反常色散区和正常色散区中散射强度的分布特征,揭示了入射波长、基质折射率与散射强度分布的内在规律。研究结果为该材料在中红外区的开发和应用提供了理论依据。     

单壁纳米管薄膜在THz波段的电导性质

利用有效介质模型 ,理论上计算了单壁纳米管薄膜的太赫兹 (THz)波段的光导。理论的计算解释了最近的实验结果并发现了纳米管薄膜的电导随入射光频率增加而减小。同时也计算了不同填充因子下单壁纳米管薄膜材料在太赫兹波段的电导函数曲线。     

微米镍粉在太赫兹波段的Mie散射特性研究

为研究微米镍粉对太赫兹波的屏蔽效果,本文运用Mie氏散射理论,数值计算了微米镍粉在太赫兹波段的散射特性。研究获得了光学截面与粒子半径和入射波长、散射强度与散射角和粒子尺寸参数x的关系曲线。结果表明,微米镍粉在太赫兹波段的消光作用以散射为主;粒径对镍粉的消光效果有很大影响,可以通过控制粒径来设计具有太赫兹屏蔽效果的材料。随粒径的增大,消光截面先增加再振荡降低最终趋近于一定值;粒径越小散射强度越低且散射光强集中分布在散射角较小的范围内。     

FDTD simulation of TE and TM plane waves at nonzero incidence in arbitrary Layered media

Plane wave scattering is an important class of electromagnetic problems that is surprisingly difficult to model with the two-dimensional finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method if the direction of propagation is not parallel to one of the grid axes. In particular, infinite plane wave interaction with dispersive half-spaces or layers must include careful modeling of the incident field. By using the plane wave solutions of Maxwell's equations to eliminate the transverse field dependence, a modified set of curl equations is derived which can model a "slice" of an oblique plane wave along grid axes. The resulting equations may be used as edge conditions on an FDTD grid. These edge conditions represent the only known way to accurately propagate plane wave pulses into a frequency dependent medium. An examination of grid dispersion between the plane wave and the modeled slice reveals good agreement. Application to arbitrary dispersive media is straightforward for the transverse magnetic (TM) case, but requires the use of an auxiliary equation for the transverse electric case, which increases complexity. In the latter case, a simplified approach, based on formulating the dual of the TM equations, is shown to be quite effective. The strength of the developed approach is illustrated with a comparison with the conventional simulation based on an analytic incident wave specification with half-space, single frequency reflection and transmission for the edges. Finally, an example of a possible biomedical application is given and the implementation of the method in the perfectly matched layer region is discussed.     

纳米管中极化子的性质

利用求解能量本征方程、幺正变换及变分相结合的方法,研究了纳米管中极化子的性质.数值计算结果表明:极化子基态和第一激发态能量随纳米管内径的增大或外径的减小而增大,说明纳米管具有明显的量子尺寸效应;随电子-声子间耦合强度的增大而减小.电子-声子之间的相互作用导致电子和声子相互作用能的绝对值增大,进而导致极化子的能量减小;随纳米管方向波矢的增大而增大.该方向波矢增大,电子的动能增大,则极化子能量增大.     

用电镜照片定量描述多壁碳纳米管的曲折状态

碳纳米管的形貌受制备方法以及各种后处理过程的影响.为了清楚地描述碳纳米管的形貌特征,本文建立了一种用电镜照片对碳纳米管曲折状态进行定量表征的方法.将一定数量多壁碳纳米管的高分辨透射电镜或扫描电镜照片进行观察和统计分析后,通过引入曲折因子（tortuosity factor TF）和计算标尺（calculating scale CS）两个参数,可以定量表征多壁碳纳米管的曲折程度.本文用该方法对三种不同的多壁碳纳米管进行了表征：纳米聚团流化床反应器制备的多壁碳纳米管、浮游法制备的超长阵列多壁碳纳米管以及静电纺聚环氧乙烷纳米纤维中的多壁碳纳米管.结果显示在所统计的计算标尺范围内,不同多壁碳纳米管的曲折因子有着显著的差异,进而根据多壁碳纳米管曲折因子的差异深入分析了制备方法以及处理过程对其形貌的影响.     

水包冰球包层粒子散射特性的研究

基于Mie散射和Aden-Kerker散射理论,利用Matlab仿真模拟工具,分析了水包冰球包层粒子在红外波段、太赫兹波段及毫米波段的散射特性。研究表明,水包冰球包层粒子在这三个波段的散射能力与包层粒子的内外径比有很大关系,水包冰球粒子的复折射率在三个波段随着频率的增大呈线性变化,但在毫米波段的实部变化不大;随着包层粒子的内外径比的不断增大,其散射强度、散射参数在红外波段和太赫兹波段不断增大,在毫米波段则减小。研究结论可对红外波、太赫兹和毫米波的气象应用以及相关检测技术提供参考。     

各向异性矩形掺杂光子晶体的缺陷模及量子效应

为了研究1维各向异性矩形掺杂光子晶体中缺陷模及量子效应,采用特征矩阵法研究了光波在其中出现的模式量子效应,并计算了TE波和TM波各模式缺陷模的变化规律,得出了1维各向异性矩形掺杂光子晶体缺陷模的新结构.结果表明,缺陷模的频率和透射角都随模式量子数的增加而增大,同一模式缺陷模的频率随矩形边长的增加而减小.     

High-resolution electron microscopy of multi-wall carbon nanotubes in the subcutaneous tissue of rats

The atomic structure of multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) implanted in the subcutaneous tissue of rats was examined by means of high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). Clusters of the MWCNTs implanted in the subcutaneous tissue were well recognized by the TEM observations. It was indicated that some nanotubes were taken in phagocytes after the 1-year implantation. The deterioration of crystalline structure of the nanotubes in phagocytes was shown by the HRTEM observation. It was suggested that the deterioration of the nanotubes was due to the peeling of the outer graphene layers in the phagocytes.     

Scalar BPM analyses of TE and TM polarized fields in bent waveguides

We have applied the effective index method to reduce the two-dimensional (2-D) refractive index profile into the 1-D refractive index structure and modified the wave equations to obtain the paraxial wave equations. Then, transverse electric (TE) and transverse magnetic (TM) polarized fields in the curved single-mode planar waveguides are analyzed by using the scalar beam-propagation method (BPM) employing the finite-difference method with a slab structure. The bending loss in bent waveguides is analyzed for optical fields obtained from the BPM and comparisons are made between the loss for the waveguides with various radius of curvature and refractive index difference. The outward shift of the optical field, which is generated at the connection between a straight and a bent waveguide, is obtained from the results of calculation of location of the maximum optical intensity. The transition loss can be reduced by introducing an optimized inward offset at a straight-to-bend junction. The birefringence for TE and TM polarized fields in bent waveguides is calculated from the phase difference of the optical fields. The wavelength shift due to the birefringence of TE and TM polarized fields in bent waveguides is also calculated.     

Growth of multi-wall carbon nanotubes with three-dimensional network microstructure

Multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were grown by spray pyrolysis of acetylene as the carbon source in the presence of Au-Co as catalyst precursors. A high yield of network-shaped carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with further purification has been obtained in the optimal conditions. The optimum synthesis parameters included a synthesis temperature of 700degC, growth time of 30 min, and a flow rate of acetylene and hydrogen of 40 and 300 sccm, respectively. The morphology and structure features of the MWCNTs are characterised using scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectra, Raman spectroscopy and thermogravimetry analyses.     

复合周期特异介质光子晶体异质结的谐振模

一维异质结光子晶体包含两个基本单元结构,其中每个单元都由一种特异介质和常规介质层叠构成.利用传输矩阵法,通过数值模拟得出两种不同异质结光子晶体的透射谱.在1.0 ～ 10.0 GHz频率范围内,(AB)6(CD)4结构的透射谱中出现了三个光子带隙,但带隙中没有谐振模;而在(《AB)6(CD)4)2结构的透射谱中,在三个光子带隙内均出现谐振模.在第一带隙内,随着入射角的增大,TE波和TM波的谐振模数目均减少且谐振模发生频移.其中对于TE波,在2.40 GHz附近出现了全向谐振模.     

Guided Waves in Inhomogeneous Focusing Media Part I: Formulation, Solution for Quadratic Inhomogeneity

This work is a theoretical study of waves in a circular-cylindrical radially inhomogeneous guiding medium. A vector theory based upon Maxwell's equatious is used to derive linear homogeneous fourth-order equations satisfied by the longitudinal electric and magnetic field components for a medium in which the permittivity decreases monotonically from the propagation axis. The percentage change of permittivity from the guide axis to some radius a is assumed small. For modes with propagation constants approximately equal to the wave number at guide center, all field components are shown to satisfy second-order differential equations. In particular, all transverse field components are proportional to a single scalar function. In a Iossless system with no containing boundary, a new class of polynomial-Gaussian solutions describes the longitudinal fields for the case of a quadratically decreasing permittivity, while the transverse fields are Gaussian-Laguerre. Mode patterns, propagation constants, and orthogonality relations are given. It is shown analytically that the modes tend to TE or TM as the mode order increases. Moreover, the transverse fields become dominant at large wave numbers, and the fields become tightly bound to the guide axis as the wave number and/or inhomogeneity increases. Studies of more general permittivity variations and wall effects will be reported shortly.