某数据中心用集装箱发电机组多方案流动传热优化分析

数据中心是国家产业转型,释放经济潜力的重要基础设施。而数据中心用集装箱型发电机组具有保障数据中心电力可靠安全重要设备。本文对某集装箱型发电机组进行数值模拟研究,并提出三种改善散热和流动措施,分别为油箱电缆箱优化,改变进气角度,侧边进气方案。结果表明,改善流动对散热作用较好,不论是优化油箱和电缆箱布局,还是改变进气角度,侧边进气方案,都能改善流动,改善散热。此外,研究侧边进气位置对散热影响,结果表明,尾部侧边进气方案效果最好。对散热和流动的改善能够有效降低高温风险,减少耗油率,提升柴油机以及发电机寿命。     

已建成数据中心的温控散热痛点分析及改造策略

随着国家“双碳”政策的提出与实施,对数据中心的节能减排提出了新的要求。受当时社会发展和科技水平的制约,早期建成的数据中心存在设计不合理,空调系统冷量无法得到充分利用等问题。而随着设备扩容、功耗上升,使得空调系统冗余功率下降并将进一步恶化其内部热环境。通过对已建成机房散热痛点问题的分析归纳,认为导致散热问题的主要因素在于送风过程中的冷量损失、气流短路以及机房设备布局的不合理性。针对上述原因,提出了优化机房布局、采用精确送风技术及冷通道封闭技术的改进措施,其优点在于不影响机房连续平稳运行,在不额外增加制冷功耗的前提下,提高机房冷量的利用效率,改善机房热环境。     

数据中心空调系统节能技术分析

通过分析数据中心能源消耗结构,得出空调系统节能是降低数据中心能耗的关键。并介绍分析了自然冷却利用、气流组织优化、中央空调系统变频、蓄冷空调和热回收利用等五方面节能技术,为数据中心空调系统的节能设计与改造提供参考和依据。     

浅谈上海地区数据中心空调系统节能技术

基于数据中心较大的耗能,上海市出台了相关政策对本市互联网数据中心能效水平提出了更高要求。数据中心能耗中,制冷空调系统占比最大。通过介绍上海地区数据中心制冷空调系统的相关节能技术,以期为本市数据中心节能减排提供技术参考。     

数据中心服务器水冷散热器的数值模拟与实验验证

水冷散热器在数据中心服务器CPU芯片冷却技术中发挥着重要的作用。如何获得高性能的散热效率成为了该领域关注的重点。针对一种翅柱式水冷散热器,用数值模拟的方法,通过改变翅柱的结构参数来优化散热器的散热性能以及流动特性。在相同的翅柱间距下,改变翅柱的直径和高度,在不同的入口流量下,研究其温度,努塞尔数,压降,摩擦系数,分析比较其综合系数对散热性能的影响,并对结果进行了实验验证。结果表明翅柱高度3.9mm,直径为0.9mm的散热器其综合系数最大     

基于CO2热泵的产消型数据中心能效联动优化

  目的  随着数字经济的发展,数据中心的“规模”将不断扩大,“算力”不断提高,随之带来的“能耗”及“运行成本”也将不断攀升。为实现数据中心余热的有效利用,并实现能效的联动优化,构建了一种基于CO₂热泵的产消型数据中心能源系统。  方法  将数据中心视为产消者,耗电的同时将制冷系统的余热回收,用于住宅供暖。产消型数据中心能源系统采用空气直接冷却、直膨式地埋管冷却和建筑供暖末端冷却三种方式实现数据中心全年的冷却,最大程度利用自然冷却,降低系统电耗。CO₂作为余热回收用热泵的工作介质,能够提高系统紧凑性与环境友好性。  结果  本系统可有效削减冷负荷,进而在平均占用率较低时,实现制冷电耗的降低。当平均占用率为0.6时,与常规房间级风冷空调机组相比,本系统可降低全年冷负荷108 MWh,节约电耗制冷电耗167 MWh,为建筑供热290 MWh,获得年收益4.23万元。  结论  本系统可实现数据中心余热回收用于建筑供暖,实现了数据中心非供暖期余热的有效利用。并通过地源热泵系统实现了数据中心余热与建筑热负荷的协调,为产消型数据中心的能效联动优化提供了借鉴。     

节能机器人在数据中心中的应用研究

随着数据中心的大量建设,如今的数据中心面临日益严重的高能耗和高电费问题。对于以往已建成投产的数据中心,如何实现有效安全的节能改造是一个巨大的挑战。提出了节能机器人在数据中心节能中的应用,描述了节能机器人系统的设计和工作原理,重点分析节能机器人系统在数据中心实际应用的案例。通过验证分析,该方法在早期的数据中心节能潜力巨大,优化策略的实施灵活方便,确保机房环境安全而且不影响生产系统。     

数据中心服务器水冷散热器的数值模拟及实验验证

水冷散热器在数据中心服务器CPU芯片冷却技术中发挥着重要的作用.如何获得高性能的散热效率成为了该领域关注的重点.针对一种翅柱式水冷散热器,用数值模拟的方法,通过改变翅柱的结构参数来优化散热器的散热性能以及流动特性.在相同的翅柱间距下,改变翅柱的直径和高度,在不同的入口流量下,研究其温度、努塞尔数、压降、摩擦系数,分析比...     

Numerical investigation on integrated thermal management for lithiumion battery pack with phase change material and liquid cooling

为满足3 C放电倍率下电池组散热要求,提出了PCM\液冷复合式散热方案,利用有限元分析了液体流速、流道排列方式、铝制框架鳍宽和环境温度对电池组温度的影响。结果表明,增加流速可优化电池组散热性能,但当流速大于0.08 m/s时,流速的增加对散热系统无明显优化;各流速下Type I散热方式效果均为最优且电池组满足散热要求;鳍宽为2 mm时可将电池组最高温度进一步降低1.6℃;当环境温度从38℃增至42℃时,复合式散热系统体现了良好的热稳定性能。     

电网企业数据中心能效测量与计算方法研究

  [目的]  在国内,电网企业数据中心的能耗正日益提高。为有效地计算出数据中心的整体能源效率状况,提出了一种可行的电网企业数据中心能效测量标准与计算方法。  [方法]  通过研究国内外数据中心能效的测评方法,针对电网企业数据中心多与办公楼公用部分基础设施的特点,提出了准确计算IT负载、优化机柜配电单元耗电量估算、优化冷却水系统耗电量估算等3种优化方法,给出了优化的能效测量计算方法。  [结果]  研究成果表明:应用该方法,可将非数据中心区域消耗的能源在计算中分离出来,比常规的计算方法更准确,更贴近于国际通用的数据中心能效定义,能更真实地反映电网企业数据中心的能效水平。  [结论]  所提方法简单有效,可为电网企业不同数据中心之间的能源效率比较和节能水平评估提供依据。     

热处理炉改造与能源梯级利用研究

我国金属热处理行业设备相对落后,存在能源不能高效利用的问题,因此通过改造设备、应用新技术来达到节能目的有着广阔的发展空间。在此背景下提出了一套天然气热处理炉系统改造方案,并通过计算、比较改造前后系统热耗、气耗、热效率,表明新方案在节能方面的优越性,并定性地分析在火用效率方面该方案具有更明显的优势。     

Exergetic optimization for solar heat receiver with heat loss and viscous dissipation

The exergetic efficiency of heat receiver in solar thermal power system is optimized by considering the heat loss outside the receiver and fluid viscous dissipation inside the receiver. The physical models of heat loss and pumping power consumption for solar heat receiver are first proposed, and associated exergetic efficiency is further induced. As the flow velocity rises, the pumping power consumption and heat absorption efficiency significantly rises, and the maximum absorption efficiency and optimal incident energy flux also increase. Along the flow direction of solar receiver, the exergy flux increment and the flow exergy loss almost linearly increase, while the exergetic efficiency varies very slowly at high flow velocity. According to the exergetic efficiency loss from flow viscou’s dissipation, the exergetic efficiency of solar heat receiver will first increase and then decrease with the flow velocity. Because of the coupling effects of heat absorption efficiency and exergetic efficiency from fluid internal energy, the exergetic efficiency of solar heat receiver will approach to the maximum at proper inlet temperature. As a result, the exergetic efficiency of solar heat receiver will reach the maximum at optimal inlet temperature, incident energy flux and flow velocity.     

An entransy dissipation-based optimization principle for building central chilled water systems

The recently developed entransy theory is introduced in this paper to tackle the heat transfer processes in building central chilled water systems so as to improve their energy efficiency. We first divide the irreversible heat transfer processes into four categories: (1) air mixing processes; (2) heat transfer processes between chilled water and air; (3) chilled water mixing processes; and (4) heat transfer processes between chilled water and refrigerant. The formulas of entransy dissipation rates for each irreversible process are derived, and then the total entransy dissipation rate in the whole chilled water systems is obtained, which connects the geometrical structures of each heat exchanger and the operating parameters of each fluid directly to the demands of users and the supply of refrigerating unit. Based on the formula of entransy dissipation rate together with the conditional extremum method in mathematics, two optimization equation groups are deduced theoretically. Simultaneously solving such equation groups will easily find the optimal central chilled water system with the highest energy efficiency. Finally, a simple building central chilled water system with two users is taken as an example to illustrate the applications of the newly proposed optimization principle.     

玉门炼化总厂节能潜力及节能途径分析

玉门炼化总厂拥有常减压、催化裂化、柴油加氢改质、酮苯脱蜡(脱油)、催化重整等多套装置,总加工能力达300×104t/a。由于装置加工流程长,产品加工深度大等问题,虽然实施了一些节能措施,但创新性和高技术含量的节能新技术应用较少,2008年全厂综合能耗仍高达85.33kg标油/t原料,与国内先进企业相比差距较大。为此,提出改造催化装置余热锅炉、提高加热炉热效率、开展热联合、综合优化动力系统、充分利用低温余热等节能改造方案。其中,催化装置余热锅炉采用模块化新型结构,以消除露点腐蚀,减少烟气阻力,强化传热能力,消除炉体振动,确保能量回收为主要改造目的;提高加热炉热效率主要从优选加热炉燃烧器,完善烟气热能回收、完善加热炉吹灰、降低散热损失以及调整工艺流程等方面入手。同时,应实现装置间的能量集成优化,采取热电联产工艺,减少低温热能耗损失。预计上述节能改造实施后,全厂综合能耗可降低11~21kg标油/t原料。     

延迟焦化装置用能分析及节能措施

分析了中国石化九江分公司延迟焦化装置的能耗构成特点及其影响的主要因素,通过采取加大装置处理量、提高原料换热终温和加热炉热效率、实施低温热回收综合利用、机泵增设变频和削级处理、提高水的回用率等工艺操作优化和设备改造措施,减少了燃料气、蒸汽、电和水的消耗。与设计值相比,装置能耗下降了468.16MJ/t,由此2008年1~10月份可增加2335万元以上的经济效益。     

传热传质过程和设备的有限时间热力学优化

1前言能源的短缺与高效利用问题是当代世界各国面临的重大社会问题之一。随着世界人口和经济的迅速增长,能源的消耗急剧地增加,并导致能源的严重短缺。因此,研究充分、高效利用现有能源的方式成为我们目前的重要任务。蒸馏作为全球范围内耗能量最大的工业,引起了很多工程界和物     

长春市新建民用建筑采用热电联产的效果评价

本论文探讨了长春市新建民用建筑采用热电联产时的节能、环保和经济效果。由长春和东京气候条件的相似性,以东京能源消耗强度为基础,利用修正系数推算长春能源消耗强度。根据不同建筑用途的建筑面积和能源消耗强度,计算了长春市新建民用建筑的能源需要量。本研究设立了空调系统、锅炉系统、热主电从和电主热从系统。同时,设定了设备效率和价格、能源价格和二氧化碳排放强度等参数。计算四种能源供给系统的一次能源消费量、二氧化碳排放量、初期投资、运行费用和单纯回收年数。计算结果为:与空调系统相比,锅炉系统、热主电从和电主热从的热电联产系统的节能率分别为-2.1%、21.2%和6.0%;二氧化碳排放量的消减率分别为-0.7%、24.1%和9.4%;单纯回收年数分别为8.0,5.2和3.5年。     

Optimization model analysis of centralized groundwater source heat pump system in heating season

The ground-water heat-pump system (GWHP) provides a high efficient way for heating and cooling while consuming a little electrical energy. Due to the lack of scientific guidance for operating control strategy, the coefficient of performance (COP) of the system and units are still very low. In this paper, the running strategy of GWHP was studied. First, the groundwater thermal transfer calculation under slow heat transfixion and transient heat transfixion was established by calculating the heat transfer simulation software Flow Heat and using correction factor. Next, heating parameters were calculated based on the building heat load and the terminal equipment characteristic equation. Then, the energy consumption calculation model for units and pumps were established, based on which the optimization method and constraints were established. Finally, a field test on a GWHP system in Beijing was conducted and the model was applied. The new system operation optimization idea for taking every part of the GWHP into account that put forward in this paper has an important guiding significance to the actual operation of underground water source heat pump.     

A review on solar energy-based indirect water-splitting methods for hydrogen generation

The distinguish generation methods regarding hydrogen generation using solar energy as a triggering agent are discussed in this paper, specifically indirect techniques. Two broadly classified processes are direct and indirect. The Direct processes exhibit high thermal efficiency, but their low conversion efficiency, maximum heat dissipation, and the lack of readily available heat resistive materials in abundance put the indirect processes relatively on the higher rank. The indirect methods include bio photolysis, thermochemical, photolysis, and electrolysis. There are promising features of indirect ways. Bio-photolysis provides zero pollution; the photolysis method reduces the carbon footprint in the environment; Thermochemical is meritorious in low electricity consumption due to high heat generation in the process; Electrolysis proves its worth in negligible pollution and considerable efficiency. The energy and exergy efficiency for hydrogen yielding are compared, and it is found that electrolysis has the highest energy and exergy efficiency. In terms of raw material availability, thermochemical ranks very low as compared to photolysis (abundant solar energy), bio-photolysis (a readily available bio-agent), and electrolysis (electrolytic agents to carry out the process).