五轴立加床身静动态特性分析与筋板拓扑优化

为减轻某五轴立加床身的质量并保证其静动态性能不降低,对其筋板进行改进。首先,对床身的静动态特性进行分析,发现床身的薄弱部位;其次,在此基础上,分别以刚度提高和固有频率提高为优化目标对床身进行拓扑优化;最后,考虑床身结构改变后铸造的难易程度,根据静动态分析结果以及两次拓扑优化材料去除区域重合部分对床身筋板进行改进。结果表明:改进筋板后,床身的铸造难度没有增加,最大变形量减小了14.9%,质量减轻了4.4%,前4阶固有频率也有不同程度的提高,为床身筋板结构的改进提供了一种思路。     

树脂矿物复合材料加工中心床身静动态特性的研究

以某加工中心床身为研究对象,分别对由树脂矿物复合材料和铸铁材料制造的加工中心床身进行静动态特性分析。利用ABAQUS软件对两种床身在承受相同载荷条件下的变形进行了分析,研究了两种床身的固有频率和固有振型,并分析比较了是否考虑阻尼特性时两种床身的谐响应分析结果。结果显示：两种材料床身在静刚度接近的情况下,使用树脂矿物复合材料制作加工中心床身能有效提高床身的固有频率,并明显降低床身在受到外界激励时的动态响应。分析结果证明：采用树脂矿物复合材料制作的加工中心床身具有更好的动态特性,用树脂矿物复合材料作为机床床身有其独特的优点。     

基于ICM拓扑优化的加工中心床身轻量化设计

为实现高速卧式加工中心床身的轻量化设计,以床身的质量最小化为目标,提出了基于ICM方法的拓扑优化模型。分别对床身进行了二维、三维拓扑轻量化设计,并对设计结果进行了可制造化处理,给出了床身优化后的仿真模型。基于有限元理论对新床身进行静动态性能分析。结果表明,在新床身具有良好的静动态性能的前提下,新床身比原床身质量减少了13%,实现了加工中心床身的轻量化设计。     

高刚性轻量化研球机床身结构优化设计

为提高研球机床身的静动刚度并减少床身质量,建立床身结构的有限元模型,通过有限元分析获得机床床身的静动态特性以及低阶固有频率。在此基础上利用尺寸优化和拓扑优化设计方法,对其进行了以减轻质量和提高结构刚度为目标的结构优化设计,最终完成对床身的综合优化。将优化后的床身与原床身进行比较,结果显示:综合优化后的床身最大变形量减少了19.45%,最大应力减小了12.24%,床身的质量下降了3.52%,并且前5阶固有频率均有明显提高。通过综合优化,提高了床身的工作性能,减轻了床身质量,该研究结果对提升机床床身刚度提供参考。     

直驱机床矿物质材料龙门框架优化设计及分析

为了加工直径320 mm,高度250 mm的工件,在保证各类相关尺寸的情况下设计了一种床身和龙门框架为矿物质材料的五轴直驱复合加工中心。为了减轻机床的质量并降低其重心,对矿物质材料龙门框架进行以提高模态性能和柔度最小化为目标的拓扑优化设计,再用多目标遗传算法对拓扑优化后的龙门框架进行尺寸优化,并前后多次对其动、静态性能进行仿真分析和比较。对比市场现有铸铁龙门框架与最终优化后的矿物质材料龙门框架,结果显示：矿物质材料龙门框架质量上降低了15.03％,最大变形降低了8.7％,最大应力降低56.68％,一阶固有频率增大了23.45％。优化后的矿物质材料龙门框架在静、动态特性以及轻量化方面都要明显优于铸铁龙门框架支承件。     

复合材料磨床床身的动态特性分析与优化

为了检验复合材料磨床床身的动态特性是否符合要求。用ANSYS对树脂矿物复合材料床身与铸铁材料床身进行模态分析和谐响应分析,得到其前六阶固有频率、振型及谐响应结果。对比两种材料床身的分析结果发现,复合材料床身的动态特性更好。在模态分析的基础上对复合材料床身进行拓扑优化分析,针对其拓扑优化密度云图提出了强化方案,并将强化后结构的分析结果与原结构分析结果进行了对比。对比发现,优化后床身的第一阶固有频率相比原床身提高了5.6%。     

MJ7116人造花岗岩及铸铁床身动态性能的实验研究

本文通过对ＭＪ７１１６平面磨床人造花岗岩材料及铸铁床身的动态性能测试，分析研究了人造花岗材料床身的阻尼特性及动刚度提高的原因，得出了结构相似，重量相近的人造花岗岩与铸铁材料床身的动态性能对比结果，为该材料的应用提供了依据。     

五轴数控磨床床身结构分析与优化

在ANSYS软件平台上建立五轴数控磨床有限元模型,对其床身结构进行静、动态特性分析与优化,通过对比提出两种优化方案,分析结果表明:综合改进后的床身相比原床身在静态特性上得到极大提高,且动态特性也有相应的增强.     

基于灵敏度分析的机床床身多目标优化研究

为了找到对某卧式加工中心床身结构性能影响较大的尺寸参数,对床身结构尺寸进行灵敏度分析,确定了对床身质量及一阶固有频率灵敏度较大的尺寸参数。以灵敏度较大的尺寸参数作为设计变量,考虑床身的质量及一阶固有频率,利用响应面法对床身进行多目标优化求解,得到了一组最优的尺寸参数。对优化后的床身结构进行有限元分析,结果表明,优化后的床身质量减轻了171kg,并且其静、动力学性能得到了明显改善。对优化前后的整机进行谐响应分析,发现参考点的最大振幅得到了大幅下降,极大地改善了机床的动态性能。     

钢纤维聚合物混凝土高阻尼性及其在机床制造业中的应用

本文对纲纤维聚合物混凝土的阻尼机理进行了理论分析。研究温度、频率、纤维体积及界面对钢纤维聚合物混凝土阻尼性能的影响。通过对钢纤维聚合物混凝土试件的阻尼实验，我们得出钢纤维聚合物混凝土具有高阻尼性，其阻尼比为铸铁的5～6倍。与铸铁和其他传统材料相比，其作为机床部件具有显著的减震降噪效果，是机床制造业一个新的发展课题。     

Mo-Si-B系材料的性能及制备

综述了Mo-Si-B系材料的研究进展。主要就材料在各种环境中的氧化性能、单相和多相材料的力学性能、材料的电学性能和热学性能等方面的研究进展进行了介绍。通过无压烧结方法,在1600℃合成了7种不同原料配比的Mo-Si-B系材料。用X射线衍射仪分析了材料的物相组成,确定了最佳的B与Si的原子比为0．865。但是无压烧结法得到的材料致密度不够,还需要对合成工艺作进一步的研究。     

(0.96Bi_(0.5)Na_(0.5)TiO_3~-0.04BaTiO_3)-(0.98K_(0.5)Na_(0.5)NbO_3~-0.02LiTaO_3)无铅压电陶瓷的结构分析与性能研究

研究了(1-x)(0.96Bi_0.5Na_0.5TiO_3-0.04BaTiO_3)-x(0.98K_0.5Na_0.5NbO_3-0.02LiTaO_3)(BNTBT-KNNLT)体系在0≤x≤0.07这一组分区域的结构和性能.X射线衍射谱发现,这一系列组分在室温下形成纯钙钛矿型固溶体,没有其他杂相产生.(111)峰的峰位和峰形随组分的变化有规律的变化.随着KNNLT组分的加入,压电及介电等性能有比较明显的改变.压电性能随KNNLT的加入出现最大值.当x=0.02时,压电常数d_(33)=125 pC/N.介电常数在室温下随组分的增加而增加.电滞回线的结果显示,尽管在BNTBT中掺杂了KNNLT,这一系列的压电陶瓷仍然具有较大的矫顽场.当x=0.02时,室温下介电常数和剩余极化强度分别为:ε_r=1455,P_r=32.3 μC/cm~2.实验结果表明适量的KNNLT掺杂进BNTBT中可以改善BNTBT的压电和介电性能.     

Preparation and properties of C/C−ZrB2−SiC composites by high-solid-loading slurry impregnation and polymer infiltration and pyrolysis (PIP)

Ultrahigh-temperature ceramics were added to C/C composites to meet their application requirement in a high-temperature oxidizing environment. C/C−ZrB₂−SiC composites were fabricated by high-solid-loading slurry impregnation with polymer infiltration and pyrolysis. The dispersion and rheological behavior of ZrB₂ slurry and the microstructural, mechanical, and ablation properties of the C/C−ZrB₂−SiC composites were investigated. Results indicated that a well-dispersed and low-viscosity ZrB₂ slurry was obtained using 0.40 wt.% polyethyleneimine as a dispersant at pH 5. Ceramics were uniformly distributed in the short-cut fiber layer and needle-punched area. The flexural strength of the C/C−ZrB₂−SiC composites was 309.30 MPa. The composites exhibited satisfactory ablation resistance under the oxyacetylene flame of 2500 °C, and the mass and linear ablation rates were 0.40 mg/s and 0.91 μm/s, respectively. A continuous and compact ZrO₂ layer, which could effectively reduce the diffusion rate of oxygen and protect the composites from being ablated, was formed.     

Superconductivity and ferromagnetism in Pd doped Y9Co7

The ferromagnetic superconductor Y₉Co₇ was chemically doped to yield the solid solution Y₉Co_7-xPd_x for 0 < x < 0.4. The lattice parameter a does not depend on x, whereas c increases with increasing Pd content up to x = 0.2, the palladium solubility limit. The transition from ferromagnetism (T_C = 4.25 K) to superconductivity (T_sc = 2.4 K) was observed only for the parent Y₉Co₇ compound. For the lowest tested Pd doping level (x = 0.05), ferromagnetism is enhanced strongly (T_C = 9.35 K) and superconductivity is not seen above 1.8 K. The Curie temperature rapidly increases from 4.25 K to about 10 K for a Pd concentration of x = 0.1 and remains almost unchanged for Y₉Co_6.8Pd_0.2.     

Synthesis and thermoelectric properties of the quaternary type-I Si clathrates K8-δGaxAlySi46-x-y

The effects of substituting Ga atoms with Al on the thermoelectric properties of the ternary Si clathrate K₈Ga₈Si₃₈ were assessed over the temperature range of 10–700 K. For this purpose, the series of quaternary Si clathrates K_8-δGa_xAl_ySi_46-x-y (x + y ≈ 8; 0 ≤ y < 8) was synthesized by heating mixtures of K, Ga, Al and Si at temperatures between 1223 and 1353 K. The lattice constant of K_8-δGa_xSi_46-x was found to increase with the Al content, y, and Al substitution also significantly changed the transport properties of the clathrate, even though Al and Ga are isovalent. Electrical resistivity measurements showed that the conduction mechanism changed from variable range hopping conduction to metallic conduction with increasing y. The Seebeck coefficient, S, was negative for all of the samples, indicating that the dominant carriers were electrons, while the absolute value of S decreased with y. All specimens had approximately the same value of thermal conductivity, κ, on the order of 1.4 W/Km at 300 K, except for K_7.7Al_7.5Si_38.8. K_7.5Ga_4.8Al_3.0Si_38.7 exhibited the largest power factor, and therefore the highest thermoelectric dimensionless figure of merit, ZT, with a value of 0.066 at 550 K. This value is approximately six times that of the ternary Si clathrate K_7.4Ga_7.7Si_38.9.     

FeCuNbSiB非晶纳米晶带材软磁性能和压磁性能研究

本文主要研究了Fe73.5Cu1Nb3Si13.5B9纳米晶带材在不同的热处理工艺和压应力条件下的软磁性能变化情况.结果表明:带材在550℃×1h热处理工艺时将晶化成纳米晶材料,此时带材软磁性能最好;纳米晶带材的|μ|,受压应力影响大,尤其是在小于0.2MPa压应力作用下,软磁性能变化非常敏感,|μ|随压力增加而迅速下降;带材Q值在小于0.2MPa压应力作用下变化非常敏感,Q值随压力增加而迅速下降.当压应力大于0.2MPa时,Q值随压应力变化不明显,压应力不影响带材Q值随频率的变化规律.     

Fe-Co软磁合金磁性能及机械性能的研究

Fe-Co合金是重要的软磁材料,应用广泛.本文综述了化学成分、合金元素、有序度、晶粒尺寸、磁场、杂质和应力对其磁性能和机械性能的影响.并分析了Fe-Co合金的应用前景和发展趋势.     

Sn改性Ti-Zr-Cu-Ni钎料的微观组织和力学性能

采用自制Ti-Zr-Cu-Ni-Sn钎料钎焊TA2钛合金,研究了不同Sn元素含量改性Ti-Zr-Cu-Ni钎料的熔化特性、微观组织及物相、润湿及熔蚀性、接头拉伸强度。研究表明,Sn含量增加,Ti-Zr-Cu-Ni-Sn钎料固、液相线温度基本升高,但温度差值基本变窄,可更好地抑制钎焊界面脆性化合物形成。Ti-Zr-Cu-Ni-5Sn钎料组织由Ti、Zr基体和晶体相构成,Sn倾向与Ti、Zr结合形成Ti₂Sn₃、Ti₆Sn₅、Zr₅Sn₃等低熔点共晶相。Sn≤1.5%时,随Sn含量增加,钎料对TA2钛合金的润湿性逐渐变差;继续增加Sn,钎料润湿性改善,添加5%Sn的钎料对基体润湿最佳。添加5%Sn并降低Cu、Ni总量的改性钎料对TA2钛合金熔蚀减弱。相同钎焊工艺下,添加5%Sn接头的强度和塑性均有提升。钎焊温度升高,Ti-Zr-Cu-Ni钎料产生更多强化物相,致接头强度大幅提升,而Ti-Zr-Cu-Ni-5Sn钎料产生的含Sn物相强化作用对接头强度提升有限;相...     

Strengthening of transparent spinel/Si3N4 nanocomposites

In response to a need for improving the mechanical properties of optically transparent ceramics, the nanocomposites approach is used to strengthen transparent magnesium-aluminate spinel with Si₃N₄ nanodispersoids. The as-processed nanocomposites are found to be >70% transparent in the critical infrared wavelength range of 3-4.5 μm. Mie scattering combined with absorption by the Si₃N₄ nanodispersoids explains quantitatively the IR transmission behavior of these nanocomposites. The nanocomposites are also found to be transparent in the visible region. Upon heat treatment (1000 °C for 4 h in air), the optical properties of the nanocomposites remain unchanged. However, the heat treatment results in a 29% increase in the average strength, accompanied by almost doubling of the Weibull modulus, and an 85% increase in the indentation toughness. The improvements in mechanical properties after the heat treatment in these nanocomposites are explained qualitatively, based on generally accepted arguments involving surface-oxidation-induced surface compression and flaw-healing. While further work is needed to fully understand and exploit these effects, this first report on transparent nanocomposites could have broad implications for the creation of mechanically robust, transparent ceramics of the future.     

Elastic and optical properties of zinc-blende CrSb and its effective mass

The elastic, optical, and effective mass properties of CrSb in zinc-blende（ZB） phase were investigated.The calculations were carried out using the full-potential linearized augmented plane wave plus local orbital according to the density functional theory. The results of elastic calculations by generalized gradient approximation and local density approximation approximations indicate that ZB CrSb is a ductile material and its Debye temperature is rather low. Band structure and density of state calculations introduce the ZB CrSb as a half-metal with spin polarization of100 %. In metal state, 16 th and 17 th bands cut off the Fermi level. Calculations study the effective mass, Fermi velocity,and Fermi surface at 16 th and 17 th bands. In continue,optical quantities such as dielectric function, energy loss function, and optical conductivity were investigated.