基于场论聚类的集成分类器隐写分析算法

针对目前隐写分析中特征空间有待提高的问题,提出一种基于场论聚类的隐写分析算法。算法提取共生矩阵特征、差分特征等多维特征用以描述图像,再利用场论进行聚类,从中选择代表性特征用以训练个体分类器,最后通个加权融合法完成对个体分类器进行集成。实验表明,该算法能够有效提高隐写分析的检测率。     

基于多样性特征的JPEG图像隐写分析

随着隐写分析技术的发展,新的特征提取算法不断出现,但目前还没有一种较好的通用特征能对JPEG图像进行有效的隐写分析。针对上述问题,提出一种从多域空间提取特征的通用隐写分析算法。采用残差共生矩阵与直方图统计函数计算DCT域、空域、小波域各域系数(像素)之间的依赖性关系,并结合校准方式从中提取特征。对多样性特征维数高的问题,采用前向选择与穷举结合的方法对其降维,以提高分类精度与节约分类时间。对4种典型的JPEG隐写算法在小嵌入率下进行实验,结果表明,与已有的检测方法相比,多域空间提取的多样性特征检测准确率能提高2%以上,适应性更广。     

基于异常点检测的通用无监督隐写取证算法

针对图像隐写分析时存在的载体来源失配问题,提出一种结合图像检索和异常点检测的通用无监督隐写取证算法。对待测图像,从图像数据集中检索具有相似统计特性的载体图像构造辅助图像集,而载密图像可视为载体图像中的异常点,通过异常检测的方法实现载密图像的无监督通用盲检测,避免失配问题和复杂的分类器设计过程。对于低维检测特征和富模型特征,分别使用针对基于密度和基于高维空间的异常检测算法进行隐写检测。实验结果表明,与典型的空域隐写算法相比,该算法具有更高的检测效率。     

基于颜色梯度矩阵的通用型RGB图像隐写分析

针对隐写所导致的RGB彩色图像颜色梯度的改变,提出一种基于颜色梯度矩阵的RGB图像隐写分析算法。算法计算RGB图像颜色梯度方向矩阵及梯度和矩阵,提取梯度能量、梯度均值、梯度方差、梯度熵等16维向量构造隐写分类特征,采用支持向量机（SVM）分类器进行隐写判别。实验结果表明,该算法可以较为准确地检测彩色图像JSteg、F5、OutGuess、Steghide、MB1等隐写,适用于RGB图像隐写的检测,具有较好的通用性     

基于权值分配的隐写分析算法

SRM算法是目前隐写分析中广泛使用的方法,但未能有效检测自适应隐写算法。为提高针对自适应隐写算法的检测率,该文通过改进SRM算法,利用不同区域的像素对隐写检测贡献的差异性,提出了一种基于权值分配的隐写分析算法。理论证明了权值分配能够提高隐写检测特征的分类能力,并设计了一种基于权值分配的特征提取框架。首先依据像素失真代价确定优先像素集,之后设计合理的权值函数对不同区域的像素噪声残差分配权值,最后提取四阶共生矩阵作为隐写检测特征。实验结果表明,在检测以HILL为代表的自适应隐写算法时,与SRM和PSRM检测算法相比,所提算法的平均错误率分别降低了2.09%和1.53%,说明能够有效实施针对自适应隐写算法的检测。     

基于多小波统计特征的通用隐写分析算法

针对现有隐写分析算法检测性能较差的问题,提出一种基于多小波统计特征的通用隐写分析算法。该算法采用多小波变换对样本图像进行多尺度分解,在各子带中提取广义高斯模型和多小波高阶统计特征,通过结合支持向量机分类器对大量图像样本进行隐写分析。结果表明,与经典的Farid算法相比,该算法提取的多小波统计特征更有效,且具有更高的检测率。     

F5隐写算法及其隐写分析研究

图像隐写分析是检测、提取和破坏隐写图像中秘密信息的技术,是信息安全领域的研究热点之一.由Westfeld提出的F5隐写算法是一种重要的图像隐写算法.分析了F5隐写算法及其隐写系统,讨论了一种针对F5隐写算法的隐藏检测方法,并给出了具体实现的算法.实验结果表明,F5算法采用矩阵编码,提高了嵌入效率.     

基于图像相邻像素相关性的LSB匹配隐写分析

LSB匹配隐写是图像隐写分析中的重点研究问题。根据图像相邻像素的相关性, 提出了一种新的隐写分析算法。通过图像复原算法计算出复原图像, 利用高阶Markov链模型分别对待检测图像和复原图像建模, 根据LSB匹配隐写对高阶Markov链模型经验矩阵的影响, 提取复原图像和待检测图像的统计特征组合成新的27维特征向量对支持向量机进行训练。实验表明提出的算法对LSB匹配隐写有较好的分析效果, 特别在嵌入率低的情况下, 算法具有较好的分析能力。     

一种基于多域特征的JPEG图像隐写分析算法

为实现对以JPEG图像为载体的隐秘图像的高效检测,提出了一种基于多域特征的通用隐写分析算法。该算法结合两种不同校准方法在图像不同域中对原始载体图像的估计能力,分别从图像DCT域、空域和DWT域中提取特征向量,提高了特征向量对隐秘信息的敏感性,达到了隐秘图像的高效检测。实验结果表明,与现有几种典型的通用隐写分析算法相比,所提算法具有很好的检测效果且稳定性好、运算速度快。     

基于双边转移概率矩阵的JPEG图像隐写检测

针对当前基于JPEG图像的典型隐写算法,基于离散余弦变换(DCT)域分块内及分块间相邻系数之间的相关性进行分析,通过将相邻三个系数的中间位置的系数作为条件,统计两边系数的条件分布概率矩阵,将提取的所得矩阵作为隐写检测敏感特征,提出了一种基于DCT系数双边转移概率分布的JPEG图像隐写检测算法。实验结果表明,在不同嵌入率下,该算法的检测性能均优于已有检测算法。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

基于QTE的蒙古文显示机制研究与实现

蒙古语言是中国蒙古族使用的通用语言,由于蒙古文区别于其他文字的书写方式和其自身变形机制等特点,在很多通用的文字处理引擎中都不被支持。在嵌入式产品开发与应用领域中Linux加QTE已经成为流行方式。该文给出了一种在QTE环境上实现基于标准Unicode的蒙古文点阵显示和变形算法, 并自定义了支持蒙古文的QTE组件,扩展了QTE功能,为在Linux加QTE方式的嵌入式体系结构中处理蒙古文提供了一种解决方法。