共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 62 毫秒
1.
《中国测试》2019,(10):10-15
针对振动信号的非线性、非平稳性和早期故障特征信号难以提取的特点,提出一种基于改进经验小波变换的故障特征提取方法。通过包络分析和对包络曲线进行阈值分割修整的方法来确定经验小波变换分解的模态数和频率边界,解决传统经验小波变换需要预先设置分解模态数和难以对信号频谱进行适当分割问题,以实现对振动信号故障信息更准确的描述。实验表明,该频谱分割方法能够有效检测信号最佳模态分解数,使得信号的频谱分割更为容易、可靠。相比传统EWT和EMD,改进经验小波变换的滚动轴承内圈、外圈Hilbert变换时频图对振动信号的故障相关特征描述更为清晰,在滚动轴承故障特征提取方面表现更为优越。 相似文献
2.
针对齿轮或轴承在局部故障损伤状态下的振动信号,提出一种基于时频谱相似性度量的故障特征提取方法,用于齿轮或轴承相关故障的诊断。该方法首先利用比例因子可调的S变换对振动信号进行时频变换;然后在S变换时频谱中,选取一个显著的冲击特征,保持其频率不变,令其沿时间轴方向,从初始时间平移至终了时间,同时计算冲击特征与所遮掩时频区块之间的余弦相似度和相关系数;平移结束后获得余弦相似度和相关系数的曲线。仿真信号和齿轮、轴承故障振动信号的处理结果表明,余弦相似度曲线和相关系数曲线均可展现出故障冲击特征的周期性变化规律,且两者的频谱均能够提取出故障特征频率,实现齿轮或轴承相关故障的识别。 相似文献
3.
变转速工作模式使得本来就互相干扰、彼此联系的滚动轴承复合故障特征的提取更加困难。为此提出了基于迭代广义解调算法的变转速滚动轴承复合故障特征提取方法。该方法根据复合故障轴承信号包络时频谱中代表故障特征频率的时频曲线的突出性,结合迭代广义解调算法可以将特定时频曲线转换成平行于时间轴的直线这一特点,直接对滚动轴承振动信号中的特定成分进行分析和提取。整个算法由以下四部分组成:对同步测取的故障轴承转速脉冲信号进行处理得到转频曲线,根据转频曲线以及目标轴承的故障特征系数确定迭代广义解调算法需要的相位函数;其次,对故障轴承信号进行包络分析获取包络信号;根据计算的相位函数对故障轴承包络信号进行迭代广义解调;对解调信号进行频谱分析,通过分析频谱中独立峰的位置对滚动轴承的健康状况进行判断。仿真与实验结果表明,该算法可以消除转速变化对滚动轴承复合故障特征的影响,有效实现复合故障特征的识别和提取。 相似文献
4.
5.
基于同步平均与倒频谱编辑的齿轮箱滚动轴承故障特征量提取 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
《振动与冲击》2015,(21)
在齿轮箱振动信号中,由于滚动轴承早期故障信号相对较弱,传统的齿轮箱滚动轴承故障诊断方法通常难以有效地提取轴承故障信息。为实现滚动轴承故障特征的准确提取,本文提出了一种基于同步平均和倒频谱编辑的齿轮箱滚动轴承故障分离诊断方法。所提方法首先利用时域同步平均实现齿轮成分增强,并通过倒频谱获得齿轮成分对应的倒频谱线准确位置,然后对原信号的倒频谱进行编辑实现对其中齿轮成分的或削弱以突出信号中的滚动轴承故障特征,提高齿轮箱滚动轴承故障诊断的准确性。仿真和试验结果验证了该方法的有效性。 相似文献
6.
S变换时频谱SVD降噪的冲击特征提取方法 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为了从滚动轴承故障振动信号中提取出冲击特征,以进行轴承故障诊断,提出基于S变换时频谱奇异值分解(SVD)的信号降噪方法。S变换是一种信号时频表示方法,适合于处理与分析非平稳的冲击特征信号。在SVD降噪过程中,数据矩阵由信号的S变换谱系数构成;奇异值序列的置零阈值位置坐标可由奇异值差分谱最前面部分峰值群的最后一个峰值点序号来确定。最后对降噪的数据矩阵进行S逆变换,获得信号的时域冲击特征。仿真研究表明,基于S变换时频谱的SVD降噪方法可以成功地从低信噪比信号中提取出周期性的冲击特征。将本方法用于处理与分析滚动轴承故障振动信号,根据所提取出的冲击特征出现频率,能够方便有效地实现轴承相关故障的诊断。 相似文献
7.
《振动与冲击》2015,(16)
针对双树复小波变换传统软阈值降噪方法对实、虚部树系数分别进行阈值处理时提取的强背景噪声下轴承故障特征信号效果不理想,且实、虚部分离的阈值处理方法会引起局部相位失真问题,利用故障信号小波变换系数具有周期性与双树复小波系数模震荡小等特点,提出双树复小波变换与非线性时间序列方法相结合的强背景噪声下轴承故障特征提取方法。对故障信号进行双树复小波变换,获得各层小波系数并求模,选择系数模周期性较强层系数进行非线性时间序列处理,增强系数中周期性成分,抑制随机噪声;对增强后系数进行软阈值处理消除直流成分对提取结果的影响;将处理后系数还原为复数形式进行双树复小波重构,可成功提取弱故障特征信号。仿真、试验信号处理结果表明,该方法能有效提取强背景噪声下的故障特征信号。 相似文献
8.
9.
《振动与冲击》2017,(11)
峰值冲击是轴承故障信号中的重要特征之一,明显的峰值冲击有利于其故障诊断,而低转速工况下轴承故障由于振动能量小,峰值冲击微弱,导致故障特征容易被噪声淹没,通常无法通过包络分析等方法提取。为了增强微弱故障信号中的峰值冲击,提取低转速轴承故障特征,提出了基于Teager峰值能量的故障特征提取方法。采用移动窗口截取原信号,计算截取信号段的峰峰值,从而构造峰峰值特征波形,增强故障信号中的峰值冲击;利用Teager能量算子对峰峰值特征波形进行解调,抑制噪声干扰,提取瞬时冲击成分;根据提取的Teager能量频谱判断轴承的运行状态。实验结果表明,该方法有效提取了低转速轴承的冲击特征,实现了故障的诊断。 相似文献
10.
风电机组齿轮箱结构复杂,当齿轮、轴承存在多故障时,由于各故障强弱不同、故障间相互耦合及噪声干扰,造成故障诊断准确率低及漏诊问题。提出了一种基于多点最优最小熵解卷积(multipoint optimal minimum entropy deconvolution adjusted,MOMEDA)和增强倒频谱的风电机组齿轮箱多故障诊断方法。依据齿轮和轴承不同部位的故障特征频率设置合理的解卷积周期,利用MOMEDA对原始信号进行预处理;再通过增强倒频谱进一步抑制噪声干扰和增强故障特征;将增强倒频谱中的突出成分与齿轮箱故障特征频率对比,判断故障类型。实际风电机组齿轮箱多故障振动试验数据分析结果表明,该方法可以有效地提取出齿轮箱多故障特征信息。 相似文献
11.
A recurring theme in recent design theory has been a desire to relate design method to scientific method: to create the ‘science of design’ or a ‘design science’. There is an inherent paradox in such a desire since design and science are clearly very dissimilar kinds of activities. Further, the concept of ‘scientific method’ now seems to be in epistemological chaos. For these reasons, attempts to model design method on scientific method seem misplaced. It is proposed that it would be more fruitful to regard design as a technology, rather than as a science. The paper seeks to establish the basis for such a view, drawing especially on the idea that both design and technology involve the application of types of knowledge other than the purely ‘scientific’ kind. 相似文献
12.
13.
针对传统的空间圆弧拟合方法鲁棒性低、拟合精度不高等问题,提出了一种鲁棒性较强的空间圆弧拟合优化方法。首先,以拉格朗日乘子法为基础,基于平面条件约束建立目标函数,从而得出空间圆弧拟合方程;其次,采用RANSAC(random sample consensus,随机抽样一致)算法剔除错误跟踪点,将RANSAC算法的高稳定性应用到空间圆弧拟合的点云优化中,进而提高拟合精度。最后,通过实验分析验证了所提空间圆弧拟合优化方法的可行性,并与传统拟合方法进行比较,分析所提方法的拟合精度。实验结果表明:普通圆弧点云拟合的相对精度在0.003左右,复杂圆弧点云拟合的相对精度在0.01左右;相较于传统拟合方法,所提方法有效解决了拟合精度低及鲁棒性差等问题。研究结果表明提出的空间圆弧拟合优化方法一方面可运用拉格朗日乘子法增强鲁棒性,另一方面可通过采用RANSAC方法剔除错误点以提高拟合精度,具有广泛的工程实际应用价值。 相似文献
14.
15.
16.
Free mesh method: A new meshless finite element method 总被引:8,自引:1,他引:7
A new meshless finite element method, named as the Free Mesh Method, is proposed in this paper. Once nodes are arranged in the domain to be analyzed, some temporary triangular elements are set around a node, i.e. a current central node. The contributions from the element matrices of the above temporary elements are assemebled to the total stiffness matrix. The above processes are performed on all the nodes in the domain. Finally, the solution is obtained by solving the total stiffness equation system as the usual finite element method. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the method, a simple two-dimensional heat conduction problem is solved. 相似文献
17.
The natural element method (NEM) is a meshless method. The trial and test functions of the NEM are constructed using natural neighbor interpolations which are based on the Voronoi tessellation of a set of nodes. The NEM interpolation is linear between adjacent nodes on the boundary of the convex hull, which makes imposition of essential boundary conditions easy to implement. We investigate the performance of the NEM combined with the Newmark method for problems of elastodynamics in this article. Applications are considered for a cantilever beam with different initial load conditions. The NEM numerical results are compared with the finite element method. NEM shows promise for these applications. 相似文献
18.
Usually, the governing equations of the numerical manifold method (NMM) are derived from the minimum potential energy principle. For many applied problems it is difficult to derive in general outset the functional forms of the governing equations. This obviously strongly restricts the implementation of the minimum potential energy principle or other variational principles in NMM. In fact, the governing equations of NMM can be derived from a more general method of weighted residuals. By choosing suitable weight functions, the derivation of the governing equations of the NMM from the weighted residual method leads to the same result as that derived from the minimum potential energy principle. This is demonstrated in the paper by deriving the governing equations of the NMM for linear elasticity problems, and also for Laplaces equation for which the governing equations of the NMM cannot be derived from the minimum potential energy principle. The performance of the method is illustrated by three numerical examples. 相似文献
19.
Masaaki Yokoyama Tomohiro Zaita 《International journal for numerical methods in engineering》1992,35(6):1277-1288
In order to obtain accurate results and to reduce computation time, we have proposed in this paper a new strategic method, where quadratic elements are used at the corner points and linear elements at the points off the corner points. A computer program using this method has been developed and applied to several problems of various shapes. The usefulness of this method was illustrated by the application results. 相似文献