棒状纳米ZnO的制备及其光催化性能研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法,以醋酸锌、草酸为主要原料,乙二胺为添加剂制得棒状结构的纳米ZnO,通过XRD和TEM对产物的结构和形貌进行了表征,并以有机染料亚甲基蓝溶液为光催化反应模型降解物,考察了样品的光催化活性。结果表明,ZnO纳米棒为纤锌矿结构的六方相ZnO,对亚甲基蓝溶液具有良好的光催化活性,且乙二胺的添加量对产物的形貌和光催化活性具有显著影响。     

二氧化钛溶胶日光下降解亚甲基蓝的研究

以自制TiO2溶胶为光催化剂,采用日光作为光源,研究了亚甲基蓝水溶液被光催化降解的各种影响因素.实验结果表明,TiO2溶胶光催化活性较高,在选定的实验条件下,对一定浓度的亚甲基蓝溶液降解率可达到80%以上.     

Nd/ZnO制备及其光催化性能研究

以六水合硝酸锌、六水合硝酸钕和氨水为原料,采用直接沉淀法制备了纯净的氧化锌、掺杂钕的Nd/ZnO光催化剂,分别以甲基橙、亚甲基蓝、苯酚为光催化反应的模型化合物,考察了ZnO、Nd/ZnO光催化剂的紫外光催化活性。结果表明,当Nd在ZnO中掺杂质量百分数为0.5%时,三种模型化合物光催化降解率最大(甲基橙光催化降解率为85.9%,苯酚光催化降解率为27.8%,亚甲基蓝光催化降解率为71.2%);在相同条件下,三种模型化合物光催化降解率大小顺序为:甲基橙!亚甲基蓝!苯酚。     

溶胶-凝胶法制备ZnO纳米微球及光催化性能研究

以Zn(Ac)2·2H2O和二苷醇(DEG)为原料,采用溶胶-凝胶法,将晶核形成和生长分开,合成了由纳米晶粒聚集的类球形微球碱式醋酸锌前驱体.然后在400℃下焙烧2h得到ZnO样品.采用XRD、FT-IR、SEM、EDS和UV-vis进行表征,结果表明产物为六方纤锌矿ZnO,表面呈多孔结构.分别以ZnO纳米微球和商用ZnO纳米颗粒为光催化剂,对甲基橙进行了光催化降解研究.结果表明,溶胶-凝胶法制备的ZnO纳米微球在紫外条件下处理0.01 g·L-1的甲基橙溶液,20 min时脱色率为89％,而商用ZnO纳米颗粒处理60 min时才达到82％,前者表现出较好的光催化活性.     

单壁碳纳米管显著增强的ZnO可见光催化活性

利用醋酸锌为原料,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了单壁碳纳米管(SWMTs)和氧化锌的纳米复合物(ZnO/SWNTs)。用X射线衍射光谱(XRD)、拉曼光谱、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、热重分析(TGA)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)以及紫外-可见吸收光谱(UV-Vis)对复合物进行了表征。结果显示,粒径为10~20 nm的ZnO粒子均匀地负载在SWNTs表面,且在可见光区具有很好的光吸收性能。研究了ZnO/SWNTs光催化剂在太阳光照射下对甲基橙和亚甲基蓝的光催化降解情况。结果表明,复合物的催化活性明显高于ZnO。对于甲基橙,光照200 min后,降解率为99.8%,是纯ZnO(4.8%)的20倍;对于亚甲基蓝,仅光照20 min,降解率就达到了98.4%,是纯ZnO(4.0%)的25倍。     

单壁碳纳米管显著增强的ZnO可见光催化活性

利用醋酸锌为原料,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了单壁碳纳米管（SWMTs）和氧化锌的纳米复合物（ZnO/SWNTs）。用X射线衍射光谱（XRD）、拉曼光谱、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、透射电子显微镜（TEM）、热重分析（TGA）、傅里叶变换红外光谱（FT-IR）以及紫外-可见吸收光谱（UV-Vis）对复合物进行了表征。结果显示,粒径为10～20 nm的ZnO粒子均匀地负载在SWNTs表面,且在可见光区具有很好的光吸收性能。研究了ZnO/SWNTs光催化剂在太阳光照射下对甲基橙和亚甲基蓝的光催化降解情况。结果表明,复合物的催化活性明显高于ZnO。对于甲基橙,光照200 min后,降解率为99.8%,是纯ZnO（4.8%）的20倍;对于亚甲基蓝,仅光照20 min,降解率就达到了98.4%,是纯ZnO（4.0%）的25倍。     

漂浮型纳米TiO2/EP的制备及其光催化性能

以膨胀珍珠岩为载体,钛酸四丁酯为原料,用溶胶-凝胶法制备漂浮型纳米TiO2光催化剂,并用该光催化剂在太阳光下对亚甲基蓝进行光催化降解实验.结果表明,在450℃焙烧2h,负载3次的条件下制备的漂浮型催化剂光催化活性较好.150 mg漂浮型纳米TiO2/EP在30 mL亚甲基蓝溶液(4 mg/L)液面平铺,经120 min太阳光照射,亚甲基蓝的降解率为97.6％.XRD和SEM分析结果表明,二氧化钛为结晶良好的锐钛矿型,粒径大约为8nm.漂浮型纳米TiO2/EP有较广阔的工程应用前景.     

ZnO/石墨烯复合材料的制备及性能研究

本文将采用溶胶-凝胶法制备纳米ZnO和通过Hummers法制备的石墨烯进行简单的一步超声复合,得到ZnO/石墨烯复合材料。利用XRD、TEM以及紫外可见分光光度计对所制备的ZnO和石墨烯样品进行测试表征,并以亚甲基蓝的降解效率来评价ZnO/石墨烯复合材料的光催化活性能。研究表明:ZnO/石墨烯的光催活性较纯氧化锌提高了4倍有余,当石墨烯质量比为15%时,ZnO/石墨烯的光催化活性最强。     

稀土元素Pr掺杂对ZnO材料结构及光催化性能的影响

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了稀土元素Pr掺杂的纳米ZnO光催化剂,利用XRD、SEM、EDS及亚甲基蓝降解实验对样品的结构与性能进行了表征和测试。研究表明,与纯ZnO相比,掺杂Pr能有效促进ZnO的晶粒细化,稀土元素Pr以Pr_2O_3化学态形式高度分散在ZnO表面,增加了催化剂表面氧空位,改变了ZnO的晶格缺陷和光吸收范围,明显提高了ZnO的光催化性能。在摩尔比n(Pr)∶n(ZnO)=0.03∶0.97时,制得样品Zn_(0.97)Pr_(0.03)O的光催化性能最好,紫外灯照射150 min后,对亚甲基蓝的降解率为94.5%,比纯ZnO的降解效率提高了32.5%,对苯酚溶液和间苯二酚溶液的降解效率分别为82.2%,91.5%。     

稀土元素Pr掺杂对ZnO材料结构及光催化性能的影响

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了稀土元素Pr掺杂的纳米ZnO光催化剂,利用XRD、SEM、EDS及亚甲基蓝降解实验对样品的结构与性能进行了表征和测试。研究表明,与纯ZnO相比,掺杂Pr能有效促进ZnO的晶粒细化,稀土元素Pr以Pr_2O_3化学态形式高度分散在ZnO表面,增加了催化剂表面氧空位,改变了ZnO的晶格缺陷和光吸收范围,明显提高了ZnO的光催化性能。在摩尔比n(Pr)∶n(ZnO)=0.03∶0.97时,制得样品Zn_(0.97)Pr_(0.03)O的光催化性能最好,紫外灯照射150 min后,对亚甲基蓝的降解率为94.5%,比纯ZnO的降解效率提高了32.5%,对苯酚溶液和间苯二酚溶液的降解效率分别为82.2%,91.5%。     

ZnO/碳纳米管复合光催化材料对抗生素的光催化降解

采用溶胶法合成了ZnO/碳纳米管复合光催化材料,采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、紫外-可见漫反射吸收光谱(UV-Vis)等手段对复合催化剂进行了表征。以氙灯(250～800 nm)为光源,盐酸四环素为降解对象,评价样品的光催化活性。比较ZnO/CNTs复合材料和纯ZnO对抗生素的降解能力,并考察光催化剂的重复利用能力。结果表明,通过溶胶法得到了在碳纳米管表面均匀、致密包覆ZnO颗粒的复合材料。由于ZnO/CNTs材料良好的吸附性能,其光催化活性高于纯ZnO,在300 W氙灯光源下反应2 h,对盐酸四环素的降解率达82.38%,同时复合材料显示了抑制ZnO光蚀的能力。     

Semiconductor‐assisted self‐cleaning polymeric fibers based on zinc oxide nanoparticles

Self‐cleaning polymeric fibers have been successfully prepared by depositing ZnO nanoparticle onto wool and polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fibers with good compatibility and significant photocatalytic self‐cleaning activity using the sol‐gel process at ambient temperature. scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, Brunauer‐Emmett‐Teller surface area analysis, and thermogravimetric analysis have been adopted as the characterization techniques. Transmission electron microscopy studies revealed presence of zinc oxide nanoparticles with 10–15 nm in size. Brunauer‐Emmett‐Teller measurement showed surface area of 48 m²/g for the ZnO nanoparticles. Photocatalytic activity of the self‐cleaning materials were tested by measuring the photo‐assisted degradation of methylene blue (MB) and eosin yellowish (EY) under ultraviolet‐visible illumination. The results indicate that both of the ZnO‐coated polyacrylonitrile and ZnO‐coated wool fibers acquire photocatalytic activity toward dyes degradation. The photocatalytic activity of the treated fibers is maintained upon several numbers of photodegradation cycles. This facile and cheap preparation technique can be also applied to new polymeric fabrics to produce self‐cleaning materials for industrial application. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011     

TiO_2溶胶光催化降解活性橙K-GN

以钛酸正丁酯为前驱体,乙醇为溶剂,盐酸为催化剂在20℃制备具有光催化活性的TiO2溶胶。在40 W,波长253.7 nm紫外光灯照条件下,研究了活性橙K-GN染料溶液被TiO2溶胶光催化降解的可能性。研究了水的摩尔比、pH值、光照时间、染料初始浓度对降解率的影响,并且比较了TiO2溶胶与添加H2O2的溶胶的光催化活性。结果表明,当溶胶中钛酸丁酯∶水(摩尔比)为1∶100,pH值为1.0,光照时间80 min,染料初始浓度为20 mg/L时,降解率达到98%。HO可以促进TiO溶胶的处理效果,添加量为0.03%时促进效果明显。     

制备条件对纳米TiO2溶胶结构和性能的影响

以四氯化钛和氨水为原料,在低温下制备锐钛矿型纳米TiO2溶胶。通过XRD测试与对亚甲基兰和甲基橙的光催化降解实验,探讨了制备过程中酸的种类、酸的浓度、回流温度和回流时间对TiO2结构和光催化性能的影响。并得出具有高光催化活性纳米TiO2溶胶的最佳制备条件:硝酸浓度为0.08mol/L,回流温度为80℃,回流时间为2h。此条件下产物在太阳光照下对甲基橙和亚甲基蓝的催化降解率大于95%。     

Electrospun dendritic ZnO nanofibers and its photocatalysis application

A simple and efficient procedure has been developed to fabricate ZnO nanofibers with dendritic structure via electrospinning and subsequent calcination. The spinning solution is prepared by mixing polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and zinc acetate into methanol. From SEM images, it can be observed that the ZnO product has a tendency of dendritic structure. The diameter of the dendritic branch is ～137 nm. The structure and physicochemical property of the prepared nanofibers are elucidated by TGA, SEM, XRD, FTIR, and PL, respectively. The photoluminescene measurement of the ZnO samples exhibit a broad visible emission band concentrate on around 430–580 nm. Meanwhile, the intensity is related to the content of surface oxygen vacancies, which probably influence photocatalytic activity of ZnO samples. Whereafter, the photocatalytical activity of the ZnO nanofibers is evaluated by quantifying the degradation of methyl blue. The result indicates that ZnO nanofibers annealed at 650°C show an excellent photocatalytic activity. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015 , 132, 41627.     

Photocatalytic Decolorization of Dye Effluent Using Radiation Developed Polymeric Nanocomposites

In this study [acrylic acid/p(N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone)] (AAc/PVP) hydrogel was prepared using gamma irradiation technique. The prepared hydrogel was used as a template for in situ preparation of ZnO photocatalyst up to three deposition cycles. The structure, the thermal property, and the surface morphology of (AAc/PVP/ZnO) nanocomposite were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), transmission electron microscope (TEM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) techniques. The photocatalytic activity of the obtained nanocomposite was tested for the degradation of methyl blue dye (MB) in the aqueous medium using UV-light. The effect of operational parameters on the degradation of MB such as UV irradiation time, pH, and initial dye concentration were examined. It was found that complete decolorization of MB dye was achieved after 45 min at pH 4. The degradation rate fitted the pseudo-first-order model and the rate of the photocatalytic reaction of the first preparation cycle of ZnO was higher than that of the third preparation cycle.     

低温下制备纳米Ti02溶胶及其光催化性能研究

以TiCl4为钛源。以异丙醇和去离子水为溶剂,采用水解法在低温下制备了纳米TiO2溶胶。利用紫外可见吸收光谱（UV-Vis）表征了溶胶的光学性质;利用透射电子显微镜（TEM）及X-射线衍射仪（XRD）对溶胶中TiO2的形貌和结构进行了表征;以甲基橙为模拟污染物,考察了紫外光下溶胶的光催化性能。结果表明,溶胶中TiO2为锐钛矿型,晶粒为球形,粒径为20nm左右;溶胶中TiO2的UV-Vis吸收光谱发生明显蓝移,表现出量子尺寸效应;制备的Ti02溶胶在紫外光下具有很高的光催化活性,光照150min,10mg·L-1甲基橙溶液的降解率达到95％。     

Enhanced visible‐light‐driven photocatalytic activities of LiInO2 by Mo6+‐doping strategy

A novel visible‐light‐driven photocatalyst of Mo‐doped LiInO₂ nanocomposite was successfully synthesized through a sol‐gel method. The effect of Mo‐doping concentrations on the microstructures and properties of LiInO₂ was characterized by X‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, photoluminescence, and ultraviolet‐visible absorption spectra. The photocatalytic properties of the as‐prepared samples were evaluated by the photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue (MB) dye under visible‐light irradiation. The results demonstrated that the photocatalytic activity of 6% Mo‐LiInO₂ reached to 98.6%, which was much higher than that of the undoped photocatalyst LiInO₂ (only 46.8%). The enhanced photocatalytic activity is ascribed to Mo‐doping strategy. The holes play an important role in the process of the photodegradation of MB. The superior photocatalytic activity of the as‐prepared Mo‐LiInO₂ nanocomposites suggests a potential application for organic dye degradation of wastewater remediation. This work provides a further understanding on tailoring the band structure of semiconductor photocatalyst for enhancing visible‐light absorption and promoting electron‐hole separation by Mo‐doping strategy.     

La掺杂ZnO的制备及其光催化降解孔雀石绿

采用溶胶?凝胶法制备了不同La掺杂量的La/ZnO催化剂,分析了其组成和性质,以孔雀石绿溶液为染料模型,研究了催化剂的光催化降解性能. 结果表明,ZnO为六角纤锌矿结构,La3+以小La2O3簇的形式均匀分布在ZnO纳米颗粒上. 摩尔比La:Zn=0.05时La/ZnO具有良好的催化活性,用300 W汞灯照射2 h,孔雀石绿的降解率可达98.8%,300 W氙灯照射2 h降解率达90.4%,比ZnO的降解率提高了51.2%.     

锐钛矿结构TiO_2/glass膜光催化作用的研究.紫外灯照射下水中苯酚的光催化降解

以溶胶 -凝胶法制得锐钛矿型结构的 Ti O2 /glass膜。在紫外灯照射下研究了膜对水中苯酚的光催化降解作用 ,研究证明 ,灯距控温反应器 1 0 cm时的液外照射 ,可使苯酚降解率达 70 %以上 ;在 H2 O2 存在下效果更佳 ;若通入空气可使苯酚降解几近完全