包覆丁基甲氧基二苯甲酮固体脂质防晒粒的制备及性能研究

制备了包覆丁基甲氧基二苯甲酮的固体脂质防晒粒,其配方组成为2%氢化蓖麻油、3%聚氧乙烯(21)硬脂醇醚、0.2%聚氧乙烯(2)硬脂醇醚、2%辛酸癸酸三甘油酯及丁基甲氧基二苯甲酮的包覆量为2%时,脂质防晒粒平均粒径在204 nm左右。考察了乳化剂和脂质原料氢化蓖麻油用量对固体脂质防晒粒粒径大小及分布的影响,并比较了固体脂质防晒粒与普通乳状液体系的防晒性能。实验结果表明:适合的乳化剂用量有利于形成粒径较小且均一的固体脂质微粒;随脂质氢化蓖麻油用量的增加,固体脂质微粒的粒径大小及分布系数均增加;包覆防晒剂固体脂质微粒体系的紫外吸收性能及稳定性均明显优于普通乳状液体系。     

一种包覆维生素E醋酸酯的纳米固体脂质载体及其制备方法

<正>一种包覆维生素E醋酸酯的纳米固体脂质载体及制备方法,所述包覆维生素E醋酸酯的纳米固体脂质载体按重量百分比计,由3%~20%维生素E醋酸酯、0.5%~5%磷脂、3~20%固态乳化剂、2%~15%固体脂质、2%~10%液体脂质、5%~20%多元醇、0.01%~0.8%防腐剂和余量去离子水组成。其制备方法即将维生素E醋酸酯、磷脂、固态乳化剂、固体脂质及液     

转相乳化法制备氨基硅油乳液的研究

以中低黏度的氨基硅油为原料,选用异构十三醇聚氧乙烯醚系列非离子型表面活性剂(1305∶1307按质量比1∶ 1复配)为乳化剂,采用转相乳化法成功地制备了固体质量分数为10%的稳定性好的氨基硅油乳液,乳化剂用量为氨基硅油质量的30%,乳液最佳pH值为6～7.     

一种美白乳液的制备与稳定性研究

通过对含美白剂十一碳烯酰基苯丙氨酸和苯乙基间苯二酚的乳化体系稳定性研究,探讨了配方中乳化剂种类与用量、油脂溶解能力、增稠体系选择、均质乳化参数控制等主要影响因素,得出了稳定美白乳液配方和工艺参数为:乳化剂采用质量分数为2.00%的PEG-20甲基葡糖倍半硬脂酸酯、质量分数为1.00%的甲基葡糖倍半硬脂酸酯和质量分数为0.30%的硬脂酰谷氨酸钠(质量分数为1.50%的鲸蜡醇磷酸酯钾);油脂选用质量分数为3.00%的甲氧基肉桂酸乙基己酯和质量分数为7.00%的辛基十二醇;增稠剂选用质量分数为2.00%的硬脂酸、质量分数为0.40%的丙烯酸羟乙酯/丙烯酰二甲基牛磺酸钠共聚物和质量分数为0.10%的黄原胶,乳化温度85℃,均质速度9 000 r·min-1。     

固体纳米脂质微粒的制备及性能表征

采用EIP(相转变体积)转相法,以单甘酯为脂质原料,复配硬脂醇醚-25,制备了固体纳米脂质微粒(SLN)及其悬浮液,通过对乳化温度及固体纳米脂质微粒组成的研究,优化了制备条件,表征了固体纳米脂质微粒的形貌特征、粒径及Zeta电位分布,同时又研究了其离心、储存及稀释稳定性.结果表明,在乳化温度为60℃,脂质原料与乳化剂的质量比为1:1条件下制得的固体纳米脂质微粒平均粒径为169nm,粒子呈圆形,分布均一,Zeta电位为-6.18 mV,且具备良好的离心、储存及稀释稳定性.     

氨基硅油乳液中乳化剂的分析

将氨基硅油乳液用柱层析法分离后,采用红外光谱仪扫描了氨基硅油乳液中乳化剂的各组分,用碘代法结合气相色谱/质谱联用仪对脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚进行定性分析,采用邻苯二甲酸酐-吡啶法测定聚乙二醇的平均摩尔质量,并用质量法对各组分定量.结果表明,氨基硅油乳液中的乳化剂由非离子表面活性剂组成,主要成分为脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚[结构为C12H25O(CH2CH2O)H0的质量分数为9.25%;结构为EO=5.02,C12H26:C14H30=3:1的质量分数为37.24%;结构为EO=8.92,C12H26:C14H30=2:1的质量分数为1.80%;结构为EO=11.27,C16H34∶C18H38=2∶3的质量分数为44.15%]及聚乙二醇[质量分数为2.6%,结构为HO(CH2CH2O)7.44H].     

漆蜡乳液制备工艺的研究及其应用

漆蜡用乳化剂乳化制备水包油型(O/W)漆蜡乳液,考察了乳化剂类别及用量、水用量、乳化温度、乳化设备等工艺条件对乳液性能的影响。结果表明,制备漆蜡乳液的优化工艺条件为:乳化剂脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚羧酸(AEC-9H)、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚(AEO-3)、辛基酚聚氧乙烯醚(OP-4)质量比8∶1∶1,用量8%～10%(质量分数),水用量80%～85%(质量分数),温度85℃,搅拌速度3 000 r/min,时间3 min(或超声波功率400 W,时间2 min)。在此工艺条件下,制备的漆蜡乳液液滴形状较规则,表面较光滑,粒径较小且分布较均匀,色泽自然洁白,气味自然,粘稠度较好,外观均匀细腻,离心稳定性一级,分散性二至三级,可无限稀释并长期贮存。在此基础上,还制备了一种基础的润肤乳液。该乳液通过了感官、pH、耐热、耐寒、离心稳定性等指标检测,为后续研发具有专一功用性能漆蜡乳液产品提供参考。     

漆蜡乳液制备工艺的研究及其应用

漆蜡用乳化剂乳化制备水包油型(O/W)漆蜡乳液,考察了乳化剂类别及用量、水用量、乳化温度、乳化设备等工艺条件对乳液性能的影响。结果表明,制备漆蜡乳液的优化工艺条件为:乳化剂脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚羧酸(AEC-9H)、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚(AEO-3)、辛基酚聚氧乙烯醚(OP-4)质量比8∶1∶1,用量8%～10%(质量分数),水用量80%～85%(质量分数),温度85℃,搅拌速度3 000 r/min,时间3 min(或超声波功率400 W,时间2 min)。在此工艺条件下,制备的漆蜡乳液液滴形状较规则,表面较光滑,粒径较小且分布较均匀,色泽自然洁白,气味自然,粘稠度较好,外观均匀细腻,离心稳定性一级,分散性二至三级,可无限稀释并长期贮存。在此基础上,还制备了一种基础的润肤乳液。该乳液通过了感官、pH、耐热、耐寒、离心稳定性等指标检测,为后续研发具有专一功用性能漆蜡乳液产品提供参考。     

环保型可聚合乳化剂在丙烯酸酯乳液压敏胶中的应用

配合使用环保型可聚合阴/非离子乳化剂烯丙氧基脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚硫酸铵(LR-10)和烯丙氧基脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚(LG-20)作为乳化剂,通过种子预乳化半连续聚合工艺制备了丙烯酸酯乳液压敏胶(PSA)。探讨了乳化剂的配比、用量及种类对丙烯酸酯乳液性能的影响。结果表明,当m(LR-10)∶m(LG-20)=3∶1且复合乳化剂的质量分数为3%时(以混合单体总质量计),所制备的乳液综合性能最佳,此时,乳胶膜的稳定性、耐水性和粘接性最优,其吸水率为2.78%;GPC分析结果表明,随着复合乳化剂用量的增加,压敏胶溶胶部分的相对分子质量及其分布指数逐渐减小;FTIR结果表明,可聚合乳化剂参与了乳液聚合反应;与传统乳化剂体系相比,通过环保可聚合乳化剂LR-10/LG-20所制备的乳胶膜粘接性能最佳,其持粘力大于72 h。。     

乳香提取物固体纳米脂质微粒的制备与性能研究

采用高剪切超声乳化法制备乳香提取物固体纳米脂质微粒(BCBE-SLN),通过改变剪切速率、乳化温度和配方组成,得出适宜的制备条件;对所得产品的粒径、Zeta电位及形貌进行了表征;研究了其离心、储存及稀释稳定性;并对其进行体外经皮试验。结果表明:在乳化温度为60℃,乳化剂鲸蜡醇聚醚-20(BC-20)和硬脂醇聚氧乙烯醚-25(A-25)的质量分数均为0.5%,脂质原料和乳香提取物的质量分数均为1.0%,剪切速率为13 000 r/min,剪切时间为3 min时,制备的BCBE-SLN的平均粒径为70.6 nm,多分散指数(PDI)为0.388,Zeta电位为-20.0 m V,产品有很好的皮肤渗透性,并具备良好的离心、储存及稀释稳定性。     

乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品废水的治理技术

乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)是十分重要的化工中间体,其下游产品较多。江苏某化工厂开发生产乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品三十多个,年生产规模三万多吨,是国内以乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)为中间体生产精细化学品的综合骨干企业。针对乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品废水特点,该厂结合企业实际,开展了产品优化,结构调整,清洁生产,资源循环利用,节水降耗等工作,从源头削减了污染物的生产。同时投资二千多万元新建预处理装置三套,6000m3/d废水生化处理装置一套,使全厂乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品的废水得到了有效的治理。     

几种乙炔加压设备性能的比较

阐述并比较了几种加压设备在乙炔加压清净过程中的性能和特点。     

三种煤样燃烧热的测定

本文通过三个厂家提供的三种煤样燃烧热的测定,由测定结果综合得出3号煤样燃烧最完全、燃烧热也最大,是三个煤样中最好的一种。     

Semi-empirical equation of state of metals. Equation of state of aluminum

A semi-empirical equation of state for metals is described. Its capabilities are demonstrated by the example of the equation of state for aluminum. New experimental data are presented on the location of the isentrope of aluminum for unloading from the state at p = 229.71 GPa on the shock adiabat to an aerogel (SiO₂) of density 0.08 g/cm³. __________ Translated from Fizika Goreniya i Vzryva, Vol. 44, No. 2, pp. 61–75, March–April, 2008.     

水泥水化热测定方法综述

水泥水化热是中、低热水泥和核电工程用水泥的一项关键的技术指标。全球范围内测定水泥水化热的方法有溶解法、直接法/半绝热法、等温传导量热法三种。本文总结了中、美、欧相关方法标准,对其测试原理、仪器设备、试验过程等方面进行了比对,并对其在领域的应用做了简单的概括。     

小议汽车涂装工艺设计对涂装成本的影响

论述了涂装工艺设计对涂装设备投资、涂装生产成本的影响。     

Measurement of the gradient of viscosity with composition of mixtures of non-ideal gases

A perturbation viscometer is a differential capillary viscometer that measures the logarithmic viscosity gradient of the viscosity-composition curve for gas mixtures. Measurements are made at different gas mixture compositions. Integration of the logarithmic viscosity gradients measured over the full composition range gives the mixture viscosity relative to the viscosity of one of the pure components of the gas mixture. This method is attractive because, for measurements of equal precision, integration of the gradients is potentially an order of magnitude more precise than measurement of the viscosities directly. It can also work at high and low temperatures and perhaps high pressures.The perturbation viscometer has been used to make measurements on ideal gas mixtures at ambient and elevated temperatures. The situation is more complicated when the gas mixtures are non-ideal. Extra effects due to density differences, molar volume change on mixing and differential thermal expansion may be measured in addition to the desired viscosity change producing systematic errors in the results. Thus, a more sophisticated apparatus is required. The standard perturbation viscometer has been modified to separate out the extra effects to permit measurement of the true change in viscosity. In addition, the theoretical operation of the modified apparatus has been revised to account for the design changes to permit calculation of the viscosity-composition profiles from the results.The apparatus has been tested using helium-HFC-125 mixtures and two new viscosity-composition profiles are presented for these mixtures at 23 and . Internal consistency tests have been used to confirm that the data produced are of high quality with an estimated uncertainty in the viscosity ratio data at of 0.9% and at of 1.5%.     

Calorimetric and Computational Study of Enthalpy of Formation of Diperoxide of Cyclohexanone

A thermochemical rather simple experimental technique is applied to determine the enthalpy of formation of Diperoxide of ciclohexanone. The study is complemented with suitable theoretical calculations at the semiempirical and ab initio levels. A particular satisfactory agreement between both ways is found for the ab initio calculation at the 6–311G basis This set level. Some possible extensions of the present procedure are pointed out.     

塔设备改造选型的分析

就当前扩产增容中塔设备设计和改造时板式塔和填料塔的选型问题加以分析。在评述目前国内常用的几种塔板和新型填料之后，着重介绍一种新型塔板（导向梯形浮阀塔板）和一种新型填料（波环填料——乾隆帕克）。     

Effect of degree of deacetylation of chitin on the properties of chitin crystallites

In the present article, chitin from crab shell was systematically deacetylated using a NaOH treatment with control of the reaction time. The degree of deacetylation, monitored using solid-state NMR, revealed that the reaction was pseudo-first order. Based on this, swollen and NaOH-saturated particles are proposed as the reaction system. The weight loss of the partially saponified and neutralized samples after HCl hydrolysis increased linearly with the degree of deacetylation. The crystallinity of the samples was found to increase after acid hydrolysis. According to conductimetric titration, the surface charge density of the crystallites, after acid hydrolysis, was found to increase with base treatment time. The effect of surface charge on the formation of a chiral nematic phase, due to the rodlike nature of the crystallites, was explored. These results show that because the contribution of charged particles to the ionic strength was significant the double layer compression was affected, especially since the surface charge density was close to the Manning limit. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 65:373–380, 1997