ZrO2+SiC颗粒强韧化MoSi2复合材料的显微组织和性能

通过显微组织观察和力学性能测试 ,初步探讨了ZrO2 SiC颗粒对MoSi2 基体材料的强韧化效果和机制。结果表明 ,材料复合具有较好的强韧化协同效应 ,复合材料中ZrO2 相和少量SiC颗粒在基体的间层作用 ,可抑制MoSi2 晶粒长大 ;断口呈现晶粒细小、裂纹扩展曲折和沿晶与穿晶混合型断裂等特征 ;ZrO2 SiC颗粒通过弥散强化和细化晶粒使复合材料强度提高 ,通过晶粒细化、裂纹偏转和分支、微裂纹形成等机制的综合作用使复合材料增韧     

ZrO2＋SiC颗粒强韧化MoSi2复合材料的显微组织和性能

通过显微组织观察和力学性能测试,初步探讨了ＺｒＯ２＋ＳｉＣ颗粒对ＭｏＳｉ２基本材料的强韧化效果和机制。结果表明,材料复合具有较好的强韧化协同效应,复合材料中ＺｒＯ２相和少量ＳｉＣ颗粒在基体的间层作用,可抑制ＭｏＳｉ２晶粒长大;断口呈现晶料细小、裂纹扩展曲折和沿晶与穿晶混合型断裂等特征：ＺｒＯ２＋ＳｉＣ颗粒通过弥散强化和细化晶粒使复合材料强度提高,通过晶粒细化、裂纹偏转和分支、微裂纹形成等机制的综合作用使复合材料增韧。     

SiC晶须强韧化MoSi2复合材料的金相分析

热压合成制备MoSi2、SiCw+MoSi2材料.显微硬度测试和金相显微观察表明SiC晶须的加入可使MoSi2基复合材料晶粒细化、裂纹扩展受阻、显微硬度和断裂韧度提高;MoSi2基复合材料中SiC晶须偏聚和孔隙率过高以及不均匀分布,会导致材料晶粒大小不等,降低材料的强韧化效果.     

SiC晶须强韧性MoSi2复合材料的金相分析

热压合成制备MoSi2、SiCw＋MoSi2材料。显微硬度测试和金相显微观察表明：SiC晶须的加入可使MoSi2基复合材料晶粒细化、裂纹扩展受阻、显微硬度和断裂韧度提高;MoSi2基复合材料中SiC晶须偏聚和孔隙率过高以及不均匀分布,会导致材料晶粒大小不等,降低材料的强韧化效果。     

原位反应热压SiCp/MoSi2复合材料的组织与性能

以Mo粉、Si粉和C粉为原料,采用原位反应热压一次复合工艺制备不同含量SiC颗粒增强的SiCp/MoSi2试样,并研究其室温抗弯强度、断裂韧性、相对密度以及显微组织。结果表明,原位反应热压一次复合工艺制备的SiCp/MoSi2复合材料的强韧性比纯MoSi2有了大幅度的提高,当SiC含量为40vol%时,SiCp/MoSi2复合材料的抗弯强度达到最大,为475.2MPa,当SiC含量为50vol%时,复合材料的断裂韧性达到最大,为5.45MPa.m1/2。原位形成的SiC使MoSi2基体晶粒得到明显细化,并减少和消除了脆性的SiO2玻璃相。SiCp/MoSi2复合材料强韧性的提高主要是由于晶粒细化、SiC颗粒弥散强化以及脆性SiO2玻璃相的减少和消除。     

原位反应热压复合SiCP/MoSi2的显微结构与力学性能

以Mo粉、Si粉和C粉为原料，采用湿法混合和原位反应高温热压一次复合工艺制备了不同配比的SiCp/MoSi2复合材料，研究了该种工艺原位生成的SiC颗粒对MoSi2基体显微结构和室温力学性能的影响。结果表明：原位反应生成的适量SiC颗粒可以细化基体晶粒，改善其力学性能，与同样工艺下制备的纯MoSi2相比，含40vol%SiCp的SiCp/MoSi2复合材料室温抗弯强度是其3.4倍，含50vol%SiCp的SiCp/MoSi2复合材料室温断裂韧性是纯MoSi2的1.5倍；该种工艺的强化机制为细晶强化和弥散强化，韧化机制为细晶韧化。     

SiC(w)-ZrO2改性MoSi2复相陶瓷的组织与性能

通过热压烧结制备SiC(W)-ZrO2-MoSi2复相陶瓷,利用X射线衍射仪、图像分析仪、透射电镜对复相陶瓷试样组织结构进行了研究,探讨了SiC(W)-ZrO2协同作用对MoSi2陶瓷性能的影响.结果表明:纳米ZrO2颗粒的加入对材料的细化作用较SiC晶须明显,复相协同作用细化效果更好.SiC(W)-ZrO2协同作用的综合机制有利于提高复相陶瓷的抗弯强度和断裂韧性,ZrO2量的增加对提高复相陶瓷断裂韧性的作用更明显;ZrO2粒子钉扎位错,导致可动位错绕过,强化材料基体.弥散分布的SiC晶须阻碍位错运动,使位错缠结、交割,阻碍晶界迁移;粒子周围出现孪晶以及SiC晶须引起的层错,阻碍其晶粒长大.     

La2O3-Mo5Si3/MoSi2复合材料的力学性能和高温氧化行为

通过自蔓延高温合成了稀土协同Mo5Si3复合强韧化MoSi2的复合粉末,研究了La2O3-Mo5Si3/MoSi2复合材料的室温力学性能和高温氧化特性。结果表明:与纯MoSi2相比,稀土和Mo5Si3细化了材料的晶粒,提高材料的室温弯曲强度和断裂韧性,其强化机制为细晶强化,韧化机制为细晶韧化、裂纹偏转、裂纹分支和微桥接;当Mo5Si3含量不超过30%(摩尔分数)时,随着Mo5Si3含量的增加,材料的抗氧化性能降低,而RE-40%Mo5Si3/MoSi2(摩尔分数)复合材料出现粉化现象;RE-Mo5Si3/MoSi2复合材料抗氧化性的降低,主要是由于Mo5Si3较差的抗氧化性、材料致密度的降低以及晶粒细化的结果;0.8%稀土(质量分数)协同5%Mo5Si3(摩尔分数)的RE-Mo5Si3/MoSi2复合材料具有较好的综合力学性能和高温抗氧化特性。     

纳米ZrO2颗粒增强MoSi2基复合材料的显微组织和力学性能

利用放电等离子烧结法(SPS)制备了MoSi2-ZrO2复合材料,研究了纳米ZrO2颗粒数量对MoSi2基复合材料显微组织和力学性能的影响.结果表明,在MoSi2基体中加入纳米ZrO2颗粒,能细化基体晶粒,改善力学性能;随着ZrO2含量的增加,复合材料的抗压强度随之增加,硬度和断裂韧性先增后减;当ZrO2含量为20%时,室温抗压强度、硬度以及断裂韧度分别为1857 MPa、1235 HV0.5和6.8 MPa·m1/2,与纯MoSi2相比,分别提高102%、19.8%和116%;经500℃氧化300 h后,复合材料氧化后的质量增加量是纯MoSi2的1/10左右.     

ZrO2/MoSi2纳米复合陶瓷显微结构和性能

热压合成制备ZrO2/MoSi2纳米复合陶瓷.显微结构和力学性能测试分析表明复合陶瓷中ZrO2粒子沿着MoSi2晶界偏聚,抑制MoSi2晶粒长大;复合陶瓷断口晶粒细小,裂纹扩展曲折,呈现出沿晶与穿晶的混合型断裂特征.ZrO2/MoSi2纳米复合与MoSi2陶瓷相比综合力学性能较好.     

Thermodynamics and phase diagrams in the binary systems Na2O-SiO2, Na2O-GeO2, Na2O-B2O3, Li2O-B2O3, CaO-B2O3, SrO-B2O3, and BaO-B2O3

We applied our model to the enthalpy of mixing data of the binary systems Na₂O-SiO₂, Na₂O-GeO₂, Na₂O-B₂O₃, Li₂O-B₂O₃, CaO-B₂O₃, SrO-B₂O₃, and BaO-B₂O₃. The most stable composition in the liquid, that is where the enthalpy of mixing is most negative, is with a metal-oxygen ratio of 4 to 3, for monovalent metals (Na and Li) and 3 to 4 for divalent metals (Ba and Ca) in liquid silicates or borates. The same applies to the CaO-SiO₂, CaO-Al₂O₃, PbO-B₂O₃, PbO-SiO₂, ZnO-B₂O₃, and ZnO-SiO₂ systems. The oxygen to metal ratio, its constant value in various types of systems, reflects and describes the structure of the liquid. Using the analyzed enthalpies of mixing data and the available phase diagrams, we calculated the enthalpies of formation of the various binary compounds. The results are in excellent agreement with data in the literature that were obtained from direct solid-solid calorimetry.     

Crystal structures and structural relationships of KFe2(SeO2OH)(SeO3)3 and SrCo2(SeO2OH)2(SeO3)2

The new phases KFe₂(SeO₂OH)(SeO₃)₃ and SrCo₂(SeO₂OH)₂(SeO₃)₂ have been synthesized under low-hydrothermal conditions and their structures were determined by single-crystal X-ray methods. Both compounds are monoclinic; KFe₂(SeO₂OH)(SeO₃)₃: space group P2, A = 9.983(4), B = 5.270(1), C = 10.614(4) Å, β = 97.42(2)°, V = 553.7 ų, Z = 2; SrCo₂(SeO₂OH)₂(SeO₃)₂: space group P2ln, A = 14.984(2), B = 5.286(1), C = 13.790(2) Å, β = 94.72(1)°, V = 1088.5 ų , Z = 4. The refinements converged to R-values of 2.9 and 3.6% respectively.

The atomic arrangement in KFe₂(SeO₂OH)(SeO₃)₃ and SrCo₂(SeO₂OH)₂(SeO₃)₂ is based on isolated MO₆ octahedra (M = Fe³⁺, Co²⁺), which are corner-linked via trigonal pyramidal selenite groups to a framework structure. Interstitials are occupied by potassium or strontium atoms in ten- or eight-coordination respectively, and by the lone-pair electrons of the Se⁴⁺ atoms. Both compounds are not isotypic but are closely related and may be interpreted as different distortions of an idealized structure type in space group P2/m, which was modelled for a theoretical compound SrFe₂(SeO₃)₄ by distance least squares refinement (program ).     

MoS2 coated with Al2O3 for Ni-MoS2/Al2O3 composite coatings by pulse electrodeposition

The MoS₂ powders were coated with Al₂O₃ (5 wt.%) through controlling hydrolysis of Al (NO₃)₃·9H₂O. MoS₂ powder coated with Al₂O₃ was written as MoS₂/Al₂O₃ hereinafter. MoS₂/Al₂O₃ powders were put into Ni plating electrolyte bath. Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) — the surfactant was also put into the bath. The experiment proves that MoS₂/Al₂O₃ particles were absorbed onto the Ni plate. The amount of MoS₂/Al₂O₃ deposited on Ni plate rises with the increasing concentration of MoS₂/Al₂O₃ in the bath. The microhardness, micro-surface, phase and the tribological property of the MoS₂/Al₂O₃ multi-plating coating were measured and analyzed. The performances of microhardness and wear resistance of the Ni-MoS₂/Al₂O₃ composite are better than those of Ni-MoS₂ composite.     

Corrosion characteristics of LiBH4 film exposed to a CO2/H2O/O2/N2 mixture

LiBH₄ films were prepared by pulsed laser deposition using a LiB target in a background pressure of hydrogen. The corrosion characteristics of LiBH₄ films were measured by exposing them to a gas mixture of CO₂/H₂O/O₂/N₂ at ambient temperature for 1–24 h. Scanning electron microscopy images show some cracks on the surface of corrosion films, which could act as easy paths for H₂O and CO₂ to further react with Li⁺ and B³⁺. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy results and theoretical analysis show that LiBH₄ tends to react with H₂O and CO₂ to form Li₂B₄O₇, Li₂CO₃ and LiOH during the corrosion process.     

Synthesis and properties of CaCd2Sb2 and EuCd2Sb2

High density polycrystalline CaCd₂Sb₂ and EuCd₂Sb₂ intermetallics are synthesized by Spark Plasma Sintering and their thermoelectric properties are investigated. X-ray diffraction measurements reveal both materials have a structure in space group, containing a small amount of CdSb as a second phase. Thermoelectric measurements indicate both are p-type conductive materials. The figure of merit value of CaCd₂Sb₂ is 0.04 at 600 K and that of EuCd₂Sb₂ is 0.60 at 617 K. Theoretical calculations show that CaCd₂Sb₂ is a degenerate semiconductor with a band gap of 0.63 eV, while EuCd₂Sb₂ is metallic with DOS of 13.02 electrons/eV. For deeper understanding of the better thermoelectric properties of EuCd₂Sb₂, its low temperature magnetic, transport and heat capacity properties are investigated. Its Nèel temperature is 7.22 K, convinced by heat capacity anomaly at 7.13 K. Hall effect convinced that it is a p-type conductive material. It has high Hall coefficient, high carrier concentration and high carrier mobility of +1.426 cm³/C, 4.38 × 10¹⁸/cm³ and 182.40 cm²/Vs, respectively. They are all in the magnitude of good thermoelectric materials. The Eu 4f level around Fermi energy and antiferromagnetic order may count for the better thermoelectric properties of EuCd₂Sb₂ than that of CaCd₂Sb₂.     

New Zr6CoAs2-type compounds: Y6CoBi2, Ho6CoBi2 and Tm6CoBi2

Results of a powder X-ray diffraction investigation of new ternary compounds are reported. The compounds Y₆CoBi₂ [a=0.8312(1) nm, c=0.4144(1) nm], Ho₆CoBi₂ [a=0.8246(2) nm, c=0.4095(1) nm], and Tm₆CoBi₂ [a=0.8155(2) nm, c=0.4066(1) nm] crystallize in the hexagonal Zr₆CoAs₂-type structure (space group P6b2m No. 189). The Zr₆CoAs₂-type structure is a superstructure of the Fe₂P-type structure.     

Gd Mössbauer effect and magnetic properties of GdNi2Sb2, GdCu2Sb2 and GdAl2Ga2

We have investigated the magnetic properties and the ¹⁵⁵Gd Mössbauer spectra of the ThCr₂Si₂-type compounds GdNi₂Sb₂, GdCu₂Sb₂ and GdAl₂Ga₂. These three compounds were found to order antiferromagnetically, with T_N=6.5 K, 15.8 K, and 42.4 K respectively. The electric field gradient V₂₂ derived from the quadrupole splitting of the Mössbauer spectra gives rise to a sign change at the end of the T3d series in GdT₂Sb₂, as was observed previously also for the corresponding compounds with Si and Ge. This behaviour was explained in terms of decreasing hybridization between the Gd valence electron states and the d electron states of the T atoms.     

等离子球化制备球形CaF2/BaF2共晶粉末*

探究了使用大气等离子喷涂设备制备适合热喷涂使用的球形CaF2/BaF2共晶粉末的可能性。68%BaF2、32%CaF2粉末(质量分数)经过1 100℃真空烧结后,形成致密的块状氟化物共晶。机械破碎后的氟化物共晶经过等离子焰流重熔后得到了球形的氟化物共晶。使用F14-1流动性和松装密度测定仪测量球化前后粉末的流动性和松装密度。采用扫描电子显微镜,XRD表征球化前后粉末的形貌和物相组成。结果表明:球化后的粉末呈现较好的球形,球化后粉末的流动性和松装密度较球化前也有较大的改善:球化后共晶粉末的流动时间为55.20s/50g,松装密度为1.89g/cm3;另外,球化后共晶粉末还表现出良好的高温润滑性能:含有10%CaF2/BaF2共晶(质量分数)的镍基涂层在600℃和800℃的平均摩擦因数都小于0.3。     

Thermal cycle behavior of plasma sprayed La2O3, Y2O3 stabilized ZrO2 coatings

The effects of La₂O₃ addition on thermal conductivity, phase stability and thermal cycle life of Y₂O₃ stabilized ZrO₂ plasma sprayed coatings were investigated. Although low thermal conductivity as well as high resistance to sintering was achieved by La₂O₃ addition, it tended to also result in lower phase stability and thermal cycle life of the coatings. Optimization of the composition and structure of the coatings improved these properties, and the optimized coatings showed prolonged thermal cycle life.     

Crystal structures of VSn2, NbSn2 and CrSn2 with Mg2Cu-type structure and NbSnSb with CuAl2-type structure

Several binary stannides of the early transition metals T have been reported with the composition T₂Sn₃ previously. However, the present structure refinements from single-crystal X-ray data show that they have the compositions VSn₂, NbSn₂ and CrSn₂ (R = 0.028, R = 0.018 and R = 0.021 with 17 variable parameters and 828, 512 and 440 structure factors respectively). Their orthorhombic Mg₂Cu-type structure is closely related to the structures of MoSn₂ (Mg₂Ni type) and CuAl₂. The latter structure type was confirmed for NbSnSb by a structure refinement from single-crystal data (R = 0.010 for eight variables and 254 F values). Electrical conductivity measurements show CrSn₂ and MoSn₂ to be metallic conductors.