发动机缸盖用铸造铝合金的成分与性能研究

在ZL107合金的基础上,添加Mg元素,并通过调整Cu、Mg的含量来优化合金成分。试验结果表明:Al-Si-Cu-Mg合金具有良好的铸造性能,能满足缸盖成型的需求;相比ZL107合金,添加Mg的合金中弥散析出强化相的种类和数量都明显增加,从而能提高合金的强度;Cu含量为3.5%,Mg含量为0.3%~0.4%时,合金的室温和高温强度达到最大值。     

CU、Mg对Al-Si-CU-Mg合金力学性能的影响

通过调整Cu(3.0%～3.8%)、Mg(0～0.4%)的含量,研究了在砂型铸造条件下Cu、Mg含量对Al-Si-Cu-Mg合金力学性能的影响.结果表明,少量的Mg(0.2%～0.3%)能有效提高合金的强度,Cu为3.5%、Mg为0.3%时合金的性能最佳,室温抗拉强度和伸长率分别为355 MPa和5%.     

Cu、Mg含量对Al-Cu-Mg-Fe-Ni铝合金组织性能的影响

采用光学显微镜(OM)、扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)、拉伸力学性能测试及热力学计算等手段,研究了Cu、Mg成分对Al-Cu-Mg-Fe-Ni合金中形成S(Al2Cu Mg)相的数量及其室温力学性能的影响,为优化Al-Cu-Mg-Fe-Ni合金中Cu、Mg成分奠定基础。结果表明:Al-Cu-Mg-Fe-Ni合金中S(Al2Cu Mg)相的数量主要取决于Cu元素的含量;增加合金中的含Cu量,可获得较大数量的S(Al2Cu Mg)相,大大提高了合金的室温强度;Mg元素在形成S(Al2Cu Mg)相后仍有富余,过量的Mg溶于α(Al)中产生固溶强化作用,使合金室温强度得到提高。     

Nd对2519铝合金组织与耐热性能的影响

利用力学性能测试、金相、X射线衍射、扫描电镜与透射电镜等研究微量Nd对2519铝合金组织与力学性能的影响.结果表明:添加0.14% Nd提高合金的强度,硬度最适宜;Nd元素与Cu和Al 元素主要形成Al8Cu4Nd金属间化合物,并沿晶界分布.这些金属间化合物有效地阻碍高温时基体的变形和晶界的迁移,从而提高了合金的高温强度.Nd能细化合金的时效强化相,提高合金力学性能.添加0.14% Nd时,合金在300 ℃时的抗拉强度提高15.4%,室温抗拉强度提高4.4%;当Nd含量进一步增加时,合金室温及高温力学性能降低.     

Mg含量对Al-Cu-Mg-Ag合金组织与力学性能的影响

通过室温拉伸、疲劳裂纹扩展速率测试及透射电镜等实验手段,研究Mg含量对Al-Cu-Mg-Ag合金时效析出过程与力学性能的影响。结果表明:随着Mg含量的增加,合金的时效响应速率加快,而强度则先上升后下降,当Cu/Mg比为6时,合金强度最高;Mg含量的提高为主要析出相?相提供了更多的形核位置,使得合金基体中的析出相细小弥散,分布均匀;Cu/Mg比接近4的合金经165℃时效30min处理后,晶内析出大量的Cu-Mg原子团簇,疲劳性能最佳。     

Cu和Mg对Al-Cu-Mg-Ag-Mn合金的组织与力学性能的影响

通过铸锭熔炼及形变热处理,制备了不同Mg含量与Cu含量的Al-Cu-Mg-Ag-Mn合金.采用拉伸测试、差热分析（DSC）、扫描电镜（SEM）及透射电镜（TEM）,研究了Cu与Mg的含量对合金的组织与力学性能影响.结果显示,增加Cu与Mg的含量,能提高基体合金的时效硬化与抗拉强度.提高Cu的含量不仅能提高合金的固溶强化作用,而且过量Cu生成的θ（CuAl2）相能起到第二相强化的作用,有助于合金高温耐热性能的提高.185 ℃峰时效时,Al-Cu-Mg-Ag-Mn合金的主要强化相由片状Ω相和少量θ′ 相组成.随着Cu含量的增加,峰时效态合金中的Ω相体积分数增大.增加Mg的含量,能加速合金的时效硬化过程,降低Ω相的尺寸.     

Cu对Al-Si-Cu-Ni合金组织和力学性能的影响

通过力学性能分析、硬度测试、金相观察以及能谱分析等手段,研究了Cu对砂型铸造Al-Si-Cu-Ni合金组织和力学性能的影响.结果表明,随着Cu含量的增加,合金中Al-Ni-Cu相和CuAl2相增加,同时合金的室温、高温(250 ℃)强度提高,伸长率下降.     

Cu对Mg-Zn-Y合金组织和力学性能的影响

以Mg93Zn6Y1合金作为研究对象,主要研究了Cu对铸态Mg93Zn6Y1合金组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明,Cu的引入使得Mg93Zn6Y1合金的铸态组织得到显著细化。铸态Mg91.5Zn6Y1Cu1.5合金中的共晶组织[α-Mg+I-Mg3Zn6Y相+MgZnCu相(Laves相)]呈连续网状分布在枝晶和晶界间。合金的室温和高温(200℃)力学性能均得到提高。室温和高温下,铸态Mg91.5Zn6Y1Cu1.5合金的抗拉强度和伸长率分别为178 MPa、3.8%和153 MPa、10.6%,相比基本合金,分别提高了10.5%、40.7%和26.4%、49.3%。     

机械球磨法制备AZ31合金及组织与性能研究

采用机械球磨法制备了不同Ti含量的AZ31+xTi合金粉末,研究了Ti含量对包套挤压AZ31+xTi合金显微组织、室温和高温力学性能的影响,并对断口形貌进行了观察。结果表明,随着Ti含量的增加,粉末中Mg相的晶粒尺寸呈逐渐细化的趋势;AZ31合金中添加不同含量的Ti可以起到提高室温拉伸强度和伸长率,但是过高的Ti会降低合金的伸长率;添加不同含量的Ti可以提高合金的高温强度,而对高温塑性影响不大。     

Ca对挤压AZ91镁合金组织及性能的影响

利用OM,SEM,XRD及力学性能测试等手段,研究了添加Ca元素的AZ91 XCa(X=0,0.5,1.0,1.5,wt%)合金挤压管材的显微组织及室温和高温力学性能。结果表明,Ca元素可以明显细化合金组织,使Mg17Al12相的形貌及分布发生改变;合金中加入少量Ca时,Ca主要溶入Mg17Al12相中,随着合金中Ca含量的增加,一部分Ca溶入Mg17Al12相,另一部分与Al化合形成Al2Ca相。Ca的加入提高了合金的高温强度和伸长率,但降低了合金的室温强度。少量的Ca有助于提高合金的高温力学性能,挤压AZ91 0.5Ca合金200℃时的力学性能可以达到σb=218.0MPa,σs=182.0MPa和δ5=24.0%,比挤压AZ91合金分别提高了27.0%,66.2%和16.5%。     

Effect of Cu addition on microstructure and properties of Mg-10Zn-5Al-0.1Sb high zinc magnesium alloy

To improve the strength,hardness and heat resistance of Mg-Zn based alloys,the effects of Cu addition on the as-cast microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg-10Zn-5Al-0.1Sb high zinc magnesium alloy were investigated by means of Brinell hardness measurement,scanning electron microscopy (SEM),energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS),XRD and tensile tests at room and elevated temperatures.The results show that the microstructure of as-cast Mg-10Zn-5Al-0.1Sb alloy is composed of α-Mg,t-Mg32(Al,Zn)49,φ-Al2Mg5Zn2 and Mg3Sb2 phases.The morphologies of these phases in the Cu-containing alloys change from semi-continuous long strip to black herringbone as well as particle-like shapes with increasing Cu content.When the addition of Cu is over 1.0wt.%,the formation of a new thermally-stable Mg2Cu phase can be observed.The Brinell hardness,room temperature and elevated temperature strengths firstly increase and then decrease as the Cu content increases.Among the Cu-containing alloys,the alloy with the addition of 2.0wt.% Cu exhibits the optimum mechanical properties.Its hardness and strengths at room and elevated temperatures are 79.35 HB,190MPa and 160MPa,which are increased by 9.65%,21.1% and 14.3%,respectively compared with those of the Cu-free one.After T6 heat treatment,the strengths at room and elevated temperatures are improved by 20% and 10%,respectively compared with those of the as-cast alloy.This research results provide a new way for strengthening of magnesium alloys at room and elevated temperatures,and a method of producing thermally-stable Mg-10Zn-5Al based high zinc magnesium alloys.     

温度和应变速率对Mg61Cu20.3Ag8.7Er10非晶合金力学行为的影响

采用XRD、SEM等技术分析了Mg61Cu20.3Ag8.7Er10合金的结构和断口形貌,研究了Mg61Cu20.3Ag8.7Er10非晶合金在不同温度和不同应变速率条件下的力学行为。结果表明,室温下非晶合金的断裂强度随应变速率的增加而降低。-100℃时,非晶合金不仅具有较高的强度,同时还表现出一定的塑性行为,此时,应变速率对于非晶合金的强度和塑性几乎没有影响。     

原位反应自发渗透法TiC／AZ91D镁基复合材料及AZ91D镁合金的拉伸变形与断裂行为

利用原位反应自发渗透技术合成了47．5％碳化钛TiC（体积分数，下同）增强AZ91D镁基复合材料，对比研究了该复合材料与铸态镁合金AZ91D基体的室温与高温拉伸变形行为，观察了拉伸断口微观组织形貌，并分析了这两种材料的断裂特征。结果表明，TiC／Mg复合材料具有良好的高温力学性能，在拉伸变形速率为0．001s^-1以及温度为723K，时其拉伸强度可达91．1MPa，而此时相同变形条件下的铸态AZ91D镁合金拉伸断裂强度只有41．1MPa，增幅达120％。而在室温下，镁基复合材料的拉伸断裂强度仅高出基体铸态镁合金23．4％。镁基复合材料的断裂应变较低，高低温时均表现为脆性断裂；而镁合金则由室温下的脆性断裂向高温下的韧性断裂过渡。     

Effects of combined addition of Y and Ca on microstructure and mechanical properties of die casting AZ91 alloy

A series of die casting heat-resistant magnesium alloys based on Mg-Al system were developed for automotive application by adding Y and various amounts of Ca. The mechanical properties and microstructures of die casting AZ91 alloy with combined addition of Y and Ca were investigated by optical microscopy, scanning electronic microscopy, X-ray diffractometry and mechanical property test. The results show that the combined addition of Y and Ca can refine the as-die-cast microstructure, result in the formation of Al2Ca phase and Al2Y phase, and inhibit the precipitation of Mg17Al12 phase. The combined addition of Y and small amount of Ca has little influence on the ambient temperature tensile properties, but increasing the content of Ca can improve significantly the tensile strength at both ambient and elevated temperatures. It is found that for AZ91-1Y-xCa alloy, the hardness and the elevated temperature tensile strength increase, while the elongation decreases with increasing the addition of Ca. The mechanism of mechanical properties improvement caused by the combined addition of Y and Ca was also discussed.     

Effect of Cu addition on overaging behaviour,room and high temperature tensile and fatigue properties of A357 alloy

The aims of the present work are to evaluate the overaging behaviour of the investigated Cu-enriched alloy and to assess its mechanical behaviour, in terms of the tensile and fatigue strength, at room temperature and at 200 °C, and to correlate the mechanical performance with its microstructure, in particular with the secondary dendrite arm spacing (SDAS). The mechanical tests carried out on the overaged alloy at 200 °C indicate that the addition of about 1.3 wt.% Cu to the A357 alloy enables to maintain ultimate tensile strength and yield strength values close to 210 and 200 MPa, respectively, and fatigue strength at about 100 MPa. Compared to the quaternary (Al−Si−Cu−Mg) alloy C355, the A357−Cu alloy has greater mechanical properties at room temperature and comparable mechanical behaviour in the overaged condition at 200 °C. The microstructural analyses highlight that SDAS affects the mechanical behaviour of the peak-aged A357−Cu alloy at room temperature, while its influence is negligible on the tensile and fatigue properties of the overaged alloy at 200 °C.     

Mg-Bi合金的显微组织和力学性能

采用挤压铸造和挤压变形工艺制备了Mg-Bi二元合金,通过金相显微镜分析,室温拉伸性能测试,X射线衍射分析,SEM和EDS等手段,研究了Mg-Bi合金在铸态和热挤压态的显微组织和力学性能.结果表明:铸态Mg-Bi合金随着Bi含量的增加,伸长率逐渐降低,抗拉强度逐渐增加,当Bi含量达10wt.％以上,抗拉强度降低;Mg-Bi合金铸锭经450℃、3h保温,挤压比为12.76热挤压后,随Bi含量的增加,抗拉强度与伸长率均逐渐增加,当Bi含量达12wt.％时,抗拉强度为219.68 MPa,伸长率为13.43％,Bi含量继续增加,合金抗拉强度及伸长率呈下降趋势;挤压态Mg-Bi合金的力学性能是晶粒细化与Mg3Bi2综合作用的结果,当Bi含量大于12wt.％后,形成较多粗大的Mg3Bi2相是导致合金力学性能下降的主要原因.     

Al2O3/Cu复合材料强化机理研究

采用内氧化法制备了Al2O3／Cu复合材料，进行了高温电子拉伸实验，并通过微观组织观察，分析了该复合材料的强化机理。拉伸实验结果显示：Al2O3／Cu复合材料不仅室温强度很高，而且高温时仍保持较高的强度。微观组织观察分析表明：细小的Al2O3颗粒的弥散分布是该复合材料具有高强度的主要原因，表现在：Al2O3颗粒存在能够抑制Cu基再结晶的进行；Al2O3颗粒的存在阻碍晶界亚晶界运动，从而阻碍晶粒长大；Al2O3颗粒的阻碍位错运动，增加位错密度；Al2O3颗粒的存在提高材料的蠕变抗力。     

Microstructural characterisation and mechanical properties of Mg–xSn–5Al–1Zn alloys

Abstract

In this study, the microstructure and mechanical properties of as cast Mg–x Sn–5Al–1Zn alloys were investigated. The microstructures of the alloys were characterised by the presence of Mg₂Sn and Mg₁₇Al₁₂ precipitates. The greatest tensile strength and elongation were obtained at the alloy containing 5 wt-%Sn at room temperature. Microhardness of the alloys and volume fraction of the Mg₂Sn precipitates increased with increasing Sn content. Fractographic analysis demonstrated that dimple and cleavage facet were dominant mechanisms of these alloys tested at room and elevated temperature. The portion of cleavage facet was increased with the increment of Sn at the room and elevated temperatures.     

Effect of Cu on microstructure and mechanical properties of 2519 aluminum alloy

The effect of Cu on the microstructure and mechanical properties of 2519 aluminum alloy was investigated by means of tensile test, microhardness test, transmission electron microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. The results show that when the content of Cu is less than 6.0%, the strength of 2519 aluminum alloy increases with the increase of Cu eontent; when the content of Cu is more than 6.0%, the strength of the alloy decreases. The hardening effect of the aged alloy is accelerated at 180℃ and the time to peak age is reduced, but the plasticity of the alloy gradually decreases with the increase of Cu content. However, the hardening effect of the aged alloy decreases with the increase of Cu as the content of Cu is over 6.0%. The optimal content of Cu of 2519 aluminum alloy is 6.0%, at which the alloy has best tensile strength and plasticity.     

Mechanical properties and creep resistance of Mg-Li composites reinforced by MgO/Mg_2Si particles

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