动力装置主动隔振系统硬件设计

随着人们对工作环境、设备可靠性及耐用度、加工精度和设备隐蔽性的要求不断提高,对于振动控制的要求也越来越高。单纯的被动隔振系统无法削弱船体浮筏200 Hz以下的低频振动。主动隔振系统利用作动器产生与激振力相反的作用力可以有效地削弱低频振动。以船体浮筏为控制对象,针对削弱200 Hz以下的低频振动开发了一套主动隔振系统。系统中采用加速度信号作为系统输入和反馈,以DSP+FPGA双核处理架构作为控制核心,最终以电磁作动器作为执行机构,分别通过对150 Hz、100 Hz、50 Hz三种频率振动控制的测试,分析发现该系统可以达到预期隔振效果,削弱自身200 Hz以下的低频振动。     

动力装置主动隔振系统硬件设计

随着人们对工作环境、设备可靠性及耐用度、加工精度和设备隐蔽性的要求不断提高,对于振动控制的需求越来越多。单纯的被动隔振系统无法抑制船舶电机频率1.414倍频以下的振动。主动隔振系统利用作动器产生与激振力相反的作用力可以有效地抑制低频振动。本文以船舶电机为控制对象,针对抑制200 Hz以下的低频振动开发了一套主动隔振系统。系统中采用加速度信号作为系统输入或反馈,以DSP+FPGA双核处理架构作为控制核心,最终以电磁作动器作为执行机构,通过实验验证,该系统可以达到预期隔振效果,抑制自身频率1.414倍频以下的振动。     

飞机操纵系统载荷机构原位测试仪的设计

针对目前飞机操纵系统载荷机构离位性能检测带来的工作量大、周期长的问题,基于现代测控理论与技术,综合运用传感器、PLC和便携式计算机,设计了"飞机操纵系统载荷机构原位测试仪",根据检测到的驾驶杆纵向、横向杆力-杆位移信号,通过软件实时生成驾驶杆实际的操纵特性曲线,在此基础上与标准特性曲线对比进行性能评判。试用表明:该设备检测准确、使用方便,实现了载荷机构的原位、自动性能测试,能够满足机务人员的使用需求。     

基于心流理论的娱乐产品创新设计

目的通过研究心流的相关理论及成果,提出适用于娱乐产品设计的创新设计方法,为娱乐产品设计寻求一种新的开发研究思路。方法以心流理论为基础,结合娱乐产品的使用人群、使用环境以及产品功能等特性,建立一种娱乐产品创新设计方法,包括具有明确的目标、准确而及时的反馈、行为与意识的统一、潜在的控制感、对时间的错觉以及符合用户审美的外观等6个要素,从而指导娱乐产品设计研究者进行更为深层的设计探索。结论基于心流理论的创新设计理念揭示了用户对于娱乐产品的需求,深刻了解用户需求从而才能通过设计提供给用户获得更极致的娱乐体验,并带来不同于其他产品的愉悦感和满足感。基于心流理论的创新设计理念,是一种从单方面的功能需求上升到精神需求层面的全新的设计方法。     

基于Deep Web数据集成系统的预取系统的设计

现有的搜索引擎无法搜索出Deep Web信息,针对这样的情况本文提出了基于Deep Web数据集成系统的预取系统,建立了基于多项式回归的预取模型,描述了预取队列的生成过程,并且给出了缓存替换策略及缓存一致性策略。     

大空间智能型主动喷水灭火系统的设计与应用

结合烟台地质博物馆大空间智能型主动喷水灭火系统设计与应用,论述在大空间智能型主动喷水灭火系统设计与应用中应注意的问题,以及对几处与其它规范不一致条文的探讨。     

一种汽车主动悬架系统模糊控制器设计及试验

设计了一种在线可调整的模糊控制器，其模糊控制规则表可以用解析的方法进行计算。不仅体现了模糊控制算法对非线性系统具有的明显优势，而且利用LMS自适应模块调整模糊控制器的修正因子，改善单一模糊控制算法对专家先期经验的依赖缺陷。针对简化的汽车模型，在以单频信号作为激励源的仿真研究过程中，该算法对悬架系统的振动控制收到了较好的效果。在两自由度的悬架系统试验台架上进行了试验研究，结果进一步证明该算法的有效性。     

浅论机电一体化系统方案创新设计理论

随着科学技术的发展,机械制造技术逐步结合其他高新技术,机电一体化成为现代机械系统的基本特征。机电一体化系统和传统机械系统相比,在功能、设计方法等方面产生了极大的变化。面对日益激烈的市场竞争,单纯仿制成熟的产品已不能满足企业发展的要求,只有进行产品创新才能从本质上改变企业的生存状态。文章主要探讨了机电一体化系统方案创新设计理论,以供相关企业和人员参考。     

城市公共设施设计的系统创新研究

目的探索城市公共环境设施的创新设计方法。方法通过系统分析、数学矩阵模型、问题归纳等方法,对城市公共设施的创新问题进行系统分层,对公共设施的需求、环境、对象进行矛盾分析、资源分析、功能分析。结论城市公共环境设施设计的创新是系统创新,是研究需求、对象、环境的矛盾,实现矛盾求解,降低综合成本实现社会价值最大化,创新城市公共设施功能,提升城市公共设施的艺术品质。     

复杂系统的设计认知和创新

目的研究复杂系统设计过程中设计师的设计认知和设计创新行为。方法通过国内外相关文献的研究和分析,总结归纳复杂系统设计问题界定和解决方案构思的认知过程、复杂系统创新设计构思的生成机制、复杂系统的创新设计策略,分析复杂系统设计认知和创新研究领域将发生的变革和未来发展的趋势。结论系统探讨了复杂系统设计认知与创新过程中的设计问题界定和解决方案构思的联合演化机制、给定和自发性解决方案示例,给设计师带来的认知固化和类比推理创新启发作用、结构化和机会主义的创新设计策略,发现当下的复杂系统创新设计理论和实践研究,还需要进一步开展跨学科知识融合激励的复杂系统创新设计研究,与此同时,加强关于设计师主观认知不确定性的定量建模研究,从而更好、更有针对性地探究复杂系统创新设计中认知过程的自然本质。     

Innovative design of active insulation system for in-situ fidelity coring in deep strata

The in-situ insulation of deep strata is the key technology of deep drilling and deep resource exploitation, but at present, this technology is still a difficult problem in the study of in-situ fidelity coring in deep strata. Taking into account the complex geological conditions of deep strata, the strong disturbance and high cost caused by large-scale mining activities limit the working space of deep drilling. At the same time, the fidelity cabin is too far from the ground surface during deep drilling operations, which will cause great difficulty in power supply, temperature control and data collection. For this reson, the function-behavior-structure (FBS) model was used to define and describe the function of the active insulation system for in-situ fidelity coring in deep strata, and the functional requirements and functional structure layout of the active insulation system were initially proposed. Combining the TRIZ, the technical conflicts in the preliminary design scheme of active insulation system were analyzed and improved. In addition, a high-efficiency active insulation system consisting heat pipes, Peltier cooler and graphene heating coating was proposed. By setting different temperature gradients and performing constant temperature control, the insulation simulation of in-situ temperature at different depths was realized, which verified the feasibility of the proposed active insulation system. The realization of the active insulation system for in-situ fidelity coring in deep strata can provide research ideas and methods for the later research of passive insulation and temperature pressure coupling.     

Innovative design of a magnetocaloric system

In the present paper we consider the problem of optimizing the cooling of a magnetocaloric refrigerator. In this work we first theoretically and then experimentally study the performance of a single material regenerator under different operating conditions. The basic principles of the design and implementation of our magnetic refrigerator prototype are presented as well as a new magnetic assembly of NdFeB permanent magnets.

The design of the equipment uses a movement of relative displacement optimized for the phases of activation and inactivation of the magnetic field. Each part of the equipment is implemented in order to be controlled separately and to allow a large variety of the tests: gear pumps with individual control, sequence of programmable magnetocaloric cycle, unit control by programmable controller and application programming interface by color LCD touch screen, real-time processing data acquisition using a National Instruments System implemented on Independent PC, expelled heat using different standard heat exchangers.     

Swept frequency reflectometer design for in-situ permittivitymeasurements

A prototype, broadband vector reflectometer for in-situ field measurements of permittivity is presented. The system was designed primarily to measure permittivity of sea ice in the 2-18-GHz frequency range but works equally well on other materials. The reflectometer design is based on FM-CW radar concepts. A linear frequency-modulated waveform is generated, and a portion of it is coupled off and passed through a delay line to serve as the local oscillator for the incident and reflected channels which receive most of the generated waveform. The reflectometer measures the complex reflection coefficient of a short monopole antenna probe. Permittivity is obtained by constructing a normalized input impedance of the probe. The impedance measured in a standard medium is based to construct a fourth-order rational function for the normalized input impedance, which is used with the measured impedance in the medium under test to obtain the permittivity. Measured permittivity data for air, 1-Butanol, and Teflon are presented     

结构主动控制的一体化多目标优化研究

基于Pareto多目标遗传算法提出了结构主动控制系统的一体化多目标优化设计方法,对作动器位置与主动控制器进行同步优化设计.外界激励采用平稳过滤白噪声来模拟,在状态空间下通过求解Lyapunov方程,得到结构响应和主动控制力的均方值.主动控制器采用LQG控制算法来进行设计.以结构位移和加速度均方值最大值与相应无控响应均方值的最大值之比,以及所需控制力均方值之和作为多目标同步优化的目标函数.优化过程还考虑了结构与激励参数对优化结果的影响.最后以某6层平面框架有限元模型为例进行了计算机仿真分析,结果表明所提出的主动控制系统多目标一体化优化方法简单,高效,实用,具有较好的普适性.     

Innovative insulation technology for the reduction of thermal transmission losses in cavity walls

The German energy‐saving regulations (EnEV) are continuously revised to make the statutory requirements for thermal insulation of new buildings more stringent, which results in an increased need for highly effective insulation systems. The objective of a research project being carried out at the TU Dresden, Faculty of Architecture, Chair of Structural Design is to solve the problem of reducing thermal losses from masonry buildings through the development of an innovative insulation and fixing system for cavity wall building. The newly developed insulation system should fulfil the essential requirements regarding geometry, loadbearing capacity, flexibility, lifetime and capability of dismantling as well as current requirements for energy saving to ensure the zero energy standard. The research project is mainly based on the use of vacuum panels (VIP vacuum insulated panels) as the central insulation layer in cavity masonry walls and the development of a linear tie system [1], [2].     

An in-situ temperature measurement system for DUV lithography

Spatial uniformity of temperature across a silicon wafer is an important requirement during the post-exposure bake step of the deep-ultra-violet lithography process. Closed-loop temperature control provides a means by which the stringent temperature specifications can be achieved, provided that accurate feedback signal is available. As each new wafer is loaded for processing, its level of thermal contact with the temperature sensor may vary, leading to erroneous measurement of the wafer temperature. Such variation in thermal contact manifests itself as changes in the time constant of the sensor. This paper describes a method for in-situ estimation of the sensor parameters, and proposes an algorithm for post-processing the sensor output to improve measurement accuracy. Experimental results are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the algorithm in improving the accuracy of the feedback signal, thereby reducing the undesirable influence of poor thermal contact on the performance of the closed-loop temperature control system.     

UHV RHEED system for in-situ studies of sputtered films

An all-metal, bakeable, ultra-high vacuum reflection high-energy electron diffraction (UHV RHEED) system has been developed for in-situ studies of films during deposition on surfaces by processes such as r.f. sputtering, where pressures in the region of the specimen may be as high as 3–4 Pa. The design separates the 50 kV gun vacuum from that of the specimen chamber with a single differential pumping aperture, which also serves as the beam-defining aperture. The electron optics enable a focussed spot of about 50 μm to be produced on the detector at a distance of 50 cm from the end of the magnetic lens housing, with adequate current for RHEED studies. The RHEED system has been installed in an UHV r.f. magnetron sputter-deposition chamber and has been successfully applied to (i) monitor, in the presence of the sputter discharge, the surface of a chemically cleaned n-type Si(100) wafer and (ii) study the subsequent growth of Pt films on the silicon surface under different conditions of sputtering pressure and r.f. power.     

High fidelity multidisciplinary design optimization of a wing using the interaction of low and high fidelity models

This paper presents an efficient metamodel building technique for solving collaborative optimization (CO) based on high fidelity models. The proposed method is based on a metamodeling concept, that is designed to simultaneously utilize computationally efficient (low fidelity) and expensive (high fidelity) models in an optimization process. A distinctive feature of the method is the utilization of interaction between low and high fidelity models in the construction of high quality metamodels both at the discipline level and system level of the CO. The low fidelity model is tuned in such a way that it approaches the same level of accuracy as the high fidelity model; but at the same time remains computational inexpensive. In this process, the tuned low fidelity models are used in the discipline level optimization process. In the system level, to handle the computational cost of the equality constraints in CO, model management strategy along with metamodeling technique are used. To determine the fidelity of metamodels, the predictive estimation of model fidelity method is applied. The developed method is demonstrated on a 2D Airfoil design problem, involving tightly coupled high fidelity structural and aerodynamic models. The results obtained show that the proposed method significantly reduces computational cost, and improves the convergence rate for solving the multidisciplinary optimization problem based on high fidelity models.     

电子倍增CCD相机制冷绝热设计

对电子倍增CCD(EMCCD)相机制冷的必要性以及热电制冷器(TEC)的特点进行了说明,阐述了真空绝热的优势,分析了真空绝热失效条件,提出了真空绝热的难点及真空保持方案,分析了相机芯片发挥其性能所需的制冷温度,对制冷相机漏热途径进行了分析,计算了克服漏热所需的制冷功率,并设计了制冷绝热方案,对相机进行了稳态热分析建模,将多级热电制冷器进行了参数化转化并将其带入模型边界中,经过迭代拟合得到了相机杜瓦及芯片温度分布,分析了绝热制冷方案的可行性。