电沉积法制备ZrO_2薄膜的工艺研究

研究了水溶液中电沉积ZrO2薄膜的工艺,系统分析了镀液成分、pH值、电流密度及沉积时间对电沉积ZrO2薄膜的影响规律,并分析了薄膜的厚度、成分和形貌等。研究结果表明,在硝酸锆水溶液中加入一定量的络合剂和添加剂,可以得到与基体结合好、分布均匀的ZrO2薄膜。     

Electrodeposition of chitosan-hemoglobin films

Electrochemical method has been developed for the fabrication of chitosan-hemoglobin films. The proposed deposition mechanism involved pH changes at the electrode surface attributed to electrochemical reactions, electrophoretic motion of cationic chitosan and hemoglobin macromolecules, coagulation and film formation at the electrode surface. The results of deposition yield measurements, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and circular dichroism spectroscopy studies showed the formation of composite films containing hemoglobin in a chitosan matrix. Electron microscopy studies showed that the film thickness can be varied in the range of 0-2 μm by the variation of deposition time at a constant deposition voltage. The films were investigated for applications in biosensors.     

不同分散剂中碳纳米管的定向操控技术

利用介电电泳可以实现悬浮液中碳纳米管的定向操控．碳纳米管可以用表面活性剂和有机溶剂进行分散．对比了表面活性剂（十二烷基苯磺酸钠,黏滞系数为1.312mPa·s）和有机溶剂（二甲基甲酰胺,黏滞系数为0．802mPa·s）,发现表面活性剂悬浮液中碳纳米管的溶解和分散效果好于有机溶剂中的溶解和分散效果,能实现单根分散．根据介电电泳原理,悬浮液中的碳纳米管在外加电场诱导下产生极化从而被驱动;分析了表面活性剂悬浮液和有机溶剂中碳纳米管的定向效果,发现有机溶剂中碳纳米管的定向效果好于表面活性剂悬浮液中的效果,表面活性剂悬浮液的黏滞系数大是阻碍外加电场有效定向操控碳纳米管的原因．     

碳纳米管掺杂对聚二甲基硅氧烷薄膜相对介电常数的影响

聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS)薄膜是基于静电效应的驻极体基微振动传感器和能量采集器中常用的弹性材料,但其相对介电常数偏低,严重阻碍了相关器件工作效率的提高.针对这一问题,本研究提出了一种添加碳纳米管(CNT)提高其相对介电常数的方法.制备了一系列CNT质量分数不同的PDMS薄膜,采用平板电容器原理测量了其相对介电常数,同时...     

Surfactant Assisted Dispersion and Adhesion Behavior of Carbon Nanotubes on Cu-Zr and Cu-Zr-Al Amorphous Powders

Carbon nanotubes （CNTs） were dispersed in gas atomized Cu47.5Zr47.5Al5 （CZA） and CusoZrso （CZ） amorphous powders, in an effort to elucidate the mechanisms of adhesion of CNTs onto amorphous metallic powders. CNTs were homogenously dispersed in water using a zwitterionic （ZW） surfactant. Then CZA and CZ powders were submersed in the ZW-CNTsuspensions with varying amounts of dwell time in an ultrasonic bath. The ZW-CNT- metal powder suspensions were dried, and CNT-metal composite powders were obtained after decomposition of the surfactant by calcination. Zeta potential measurements on ZW-CNT-metal powder suspensions and scanning electron microscopy investigation into the CNT-metal composite powders both indicated an ideal dwell time, for a specific alloy composition, of metallic powders in ZW-CNT suspension to achieve optimal adhesion of CNTs onto amorphous metallic powder surfaces. The results are rationalized on the basis of hydrolysis of metal ions into suspension creating a net positive charge on the metallic powder surfaces, and the interaction between the charged powder surfaces and the charged hydrophilic head groups of ZW, which has the other end attached to CNTs.     

Electrical properties of Poly(ethylene glycol dimethacrylate-n-vinyl imidazole)/Single Walled Carbon Nanotubes/n-Si Schottky diodes formed by surface polymerization of Single Walled Carbon Nanotubes

In this paper we report the electrical characteristics of the Schottky diodes formed by surface polymerization of the Poly(ethylene glycol dimethacrylate-n-vinyl imidazole)/Single Walled Carbon Nanotubes on n-Si. The Single Walled Carbon Nanotubes were synthesized by CVD method. The main electrical properties of the Poly(ethylene glycol dimethacrylate-n-vinyl imidazole)/Single Walled Carbon Nanotubes/n-Si have been investigated through the barrier heights, the ideality factors and the impurity density distribution, by using current-voltage and reverse bias capacitance voltage characteristics. Electrical measurements were carried out at room temperature. Poly(ethylene glycol dimethacrylate-n-vinyl imidazole)/Single Walled Carbon Nanotubes/n-Si Schottky diode current-voltage characteristics display low reverse-bias leakage currents and average barrier heights of 0.61 ± 0.02 eV and 0.72 ± 0.02 eV obtained from both current-voltage and capacitance-voltage measurements at room temperature, respectively.     

The Influence of Structural Defect on Mechanical Properties and Fracture Behaviors of Carbon Nanotubes

Due to the limitation of fabrication technologies nowadays, structural or atomistic defects are often perceived in carbon nanotubes (CNTs) during the manufacturing process. The main goal of the study aims at providing a systematic investigation of the effects of atomistic defects on the nanomechanical properties and fracture behaviors of single-walled CNTs (SWCNTs) using molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. Furthermore, the correlation between local stress distribution and fracture evolution is studied. Key parameters and factors under investigation include the number, type (namely the vacancy and Stone-Wales defects), location and distribution of defects. Results show that the nanomechanical properties of the CNTs, such as the elastic modulus, ultimate strength and ultimate strain, are greatly affected by the defects and also their percentage and type. It is also found that the CNTs present a brittle fracture as the strain attains a critical value, and in addition, the fracture crack tends to propagate along the high tensile stress concentration area. Moreover, the distribution pattern of defects is another driving factor affecting the nanomechanical properties of the CNTs and the associated fracture evolutions.     

纳米管场发射的电场计算

利用电磁场理论计算出单根纳米管场发射时其尖端附近的电势和电场分布。结果表明 ,纳米管尖端表面电场非常强 ,随着距离尖端表面的距离的增加 ,电场迅速下降 ;尖端附近的场强与纳米管场发射有低的阈值电压相符合。计算还给出在保持极板间距离和电压不变的情况下 ,纳米管长径比越大 ,尖端电场越强 ,因此 ,具有更低的阈值电压     

Thermopower of Carbon Nanotubes in a Magnetic Field

Abstract

The thermopower of a quantum nanotube in magnetic field was investigated. We obtained the convenient analytic formula for the thermopower. The temperature dependence of the thermopower is studied and the influence of the magnetic field on the thermopower is examined. Oscillations in the thermopower were investigated.     

Increasing the Tensile Property of Unidirectional Carbon/Carbon Composites by Grafting Carbon Nanotubes onto Carbon Fibers by Electrophoretic Deposition

Although in-situ growing carbon nanotubes(CNTs) on carbon fibers could greatly increase the matrix-dominated mechanical properties of carbon/carbon composites(C/Cs),it always decreased the tensile strength of carbon fibers.In this work,CNTs were introduced into unidirectional carbon fiber(CF) preforms by electrophoretic deposition(EPD) and they were used to reinforce C/Cs.Effects of the content of CNTs introduced by EPD on tensile property of unidirectional C/Cs were investigated.Results demonstrated that EPD could be used as a simple and efficient method to fabricate carbon nanotube reinforced C/Cs(CNT—C/Cs) with excellent tensile strength,which pays a meaningful way to maximize the global performance of CNT—C/Cs.     

化学气相沉积法制备碳纳米管

碳纳米管（CNTs）是一种具有独特理化性能和结构的一维纳米材料,也是当今纳米材料研究的焦点之一．在化学、生物、医药、能源、电子元件等诸多领域具有极高的应用价值．本文以有机溶剂环己烷为碳源．利用化学气相沉积法（CⅥ））在管式电阻炉内,以氩气为栽气,二茂铁为催化剂,一定温度条件下,制备了直径约为50nm,长度达几十微米以上的多壁碳纳米管（MWNTs）．采用拉曼光谱、扫描电镜、透射电镜、X-射线粉末衍射等测试手段,表征了碳纳米管的微观形貌和结构特征．通过对实验结果的分析和讨论,对CVD制备法中碳纳米管的生长机理进行了尝试性探讨。     

聚合物接枝碳纳米管的研究进展

本文综述了线性聚合物及超支化聚合物接枝碳纳米管的研究现状,着重介绍了直接引入法、表面引发聚合法、分步增长法及与点击化学技术相结合的方法,并指出了其发展前景.     

碳纳米管的制备及研究

介绍了在直流电弧放电法制备富勒烯过程中，从阴电极表面收集到大量的碳纳米管及巴基葱，产生率达到５０％，并用电子显微镜对其进行了观察和初步研究。     

Mechanical Reinforcement of Polymers Using Carbon Nanotubes

Owing to their unique mechanical properties, carbon nanotubes are considered to be ideal candidates for polymer reinforcement. However, a large amount of work must be done in order to realize their full potential. Effective processing of nanotubes and polymers to fabricate new ultra‐strong composite materials is still a great challenge. This Review explores the progress that has already been made in the area of mechanical reinforcement of polymers using carbon nanotubes. First, the mechanical properties of carbon nanotubes and the system requirements to maximize reinforcement are discussed. Then, main methods described in the literature to produce and process polymer–nanotube composites are considered and analyzed. After that, mechanical properties of various nanotube–polymer composites prepared by different techniques are critically analyzed and compared. Finally, remaining problems, the achievements so far, and the research that needs to be done in the future are discussed.     

Contactless Tip-Selective Electrodeposition of Palladium onto Carbon Nanotubes and Nanofibers

Palladium was electrodeposited onto the tips of isolated carbon nanofibers and carbon nanopipes using an electric field. The amount of Pd deposited on the tips was controlled by varying the field application time. The morphology obtained varied from agglomerate of small particles that just covers the end of the nanotube to large ramified deposits that grow off the tip of the nanotube. The influence of the orientation of the carbon nanostructures with respect to the applied electric field and the quantity of the metal deposited is discussed. Electron microscopy was used to characterize the morphology and location of the deposits.