智能化船用锅炉焊接工艺评定系统设计与实现

船用锅炉焊接工艺具有极强专业性、经验性特点，一直采用传统人工工作模式，存在“数据孤岛”、重评、漏评、工艺编制工作量大且人工易出错、线下签审效率低等问题。该文针对以上问题，基于NB/T 47014焊接工艺评定标准，采用Spring MVC,MySQL等主流的web开发技术和数据库技术，开发包含焊接基础数据库、焊接性计算、工艺管理、工艺评定智能筛选等功能模块的焊接工艺评定系统。结果表明，系统可以智能编制预焊接工艺规程（pre-welding procedure specification, pWPS）、焊接工艺规程（Welding procedure specification, WPS）、焊接工艺评定报告（Welding procedure qualification report, WPQR）、精准自动筛选WPQR、在线签审工艺文件、共享焊接基础数据，提高了焊接工艺准备效率，降低生产成本，推动了船用锅炉焊接工艺制订模式革新。     

管道自由口连头自动焊接工艺

为了提高管道自由口连头的焊接质量和焊接效率，降低人工劳动强度，采用CPP900-W1A单焊枪管道自动焊进行自由口连头焊接试验。试验优化并设计了双V形复合坡口，根据相控阵超声波检测（Phased array ultrasound testing,PAUT）、射线检测（Radiographic testing,RT）结果和焊接缺陷的宏观金相形貌，对接头典型缺陷进行了分析，优化了施工方法和焊接工艺，进行了焊接工艺的焊接时效验证和焊接接头力学性能测试。结果表明，双V形坡口相比单V形坡口可减少金属填充量约30%；采用实心焊丝气体保护下向焊（根焊、热焊）+药芯焊丝气体保护上向焊（填充焊、盖面焊）工艺的焊接用时为2.8～3.5 h，相比传统连头工艺的焊接可节省时间约50%，采用该焊接工艺连续焊接5道口并检测合格，焊接接头力学性能均满足工艺规程的相关标准要求，试验得到了满足管道自由口连头的焊接施工方法和焊接工艺，为中俄东线管道自由口连头焊接提供了高效、可靠的焊接工艺。     

基于响应曲面法的玻纤增强PBT激光透射焊接工艺参数优化

对玻纤增强聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯（PBT）复合材料进行平顶光束激光透射焊接工艺参数优化，选取焊接工艺参数（激光功率、焊接速度、玻纤含量）为影响因素，选择焊接质量（焊缝抗剪强度、焊缝宽度）为响应值。通过方差分析表和残差概率图验证了模型的准确性，并探究不同焊接工艺参数组合对焊接质量的交互影响。结果表明，增大激光功率、提高焊接速度和增加玻纤含量，焊缝抗剪强度先升高后下降；降低激光功率，提高焊接速度，焊缝宽度下降；增大玻纤含量，焊缝宽度先增大后减小。焊接速度对焊缝抗剪强度影响较大，玻纤含量对焊缝宽度影响较大。分别以最佳焊接质量和最小焊接成本为目标确定了玻纤复合材料的最优焊接工艺参数。     

大直径薄壁15CrMo耐热钢管道的焊接工艺

本文依据广州某大型炼钢二期除尘工程实践，对大直径薄壁15CrMo耐热钢管道焊接工艺进行了研究，探索出大直径（2400mm）、薄壁（6mm）15CrMo耐热钢管道焊接工艺及措施，提出了焊接过程中预热、保温、层间温度控制、后热处理等措施的重要性。总结出了可行的焊接工艺并成功应用于该工程除尘管道的焊接。     

主蒸汽管道焊接裂纹防止方法

为提高大型火力发电厂主蒸汽管道（合金大径管）焊接质量，从热处理工艺，焊接材料，焊接方法及工艺方面研究了裂纹的防止方法。     

胶接及非金属材料的焊接

聚氯乙烯托辊焊接工艺研究，聚乙烯（PE）管道焊接质量的检验。     

胶接及非金属材料的焊接

聚氯乙烯托辊焊接工艺研究，聚乙烯（PE）管道焊接质量的检验。     

BB503钢的焊接工艺及其性能和组织

研究了不同焊接工艺对微合金化Ti-Nb钢BB503钢板的组织和陛能的影响，寻求最佳的焊接工艺参数。用中、小线能量输入的手工电弧焊（sMAw）、CO2气体保护焊（GMAW）以及埋弧自动焊（SAW）3种不同工艺对25mm厚度的BB503铜板进行多道焊接，对焊接接头进行拉伸、弯曲、冲击、硬度等力学性能测试，并对其中典型试样的焊缝和热影响区的显微组织进行了观察和分析。试验结果表明，BB503钢对中、小线能量焊接的适应性良好。试验参数为实际生产中最佳焊接工艺的制订提供了依据。     

焊接工艺裕度及其与焊接质量保证的关系

提出和建立一个新概念－焊接工艺裕度。焊接工艺裕度是指一种焊接工艺方法，在一定的焊接工艺条件下（包括焊接方法、焊接材料、焊接工艺参数和结构形式等），使焊接接头达到产品或结构质量标准之能力的富裕程度。这是在焊接性概念基础之上发展的将焊接工艺与产品质量标准紧密结合的一个新概念。此外，文中对影响焊接工艺裕度的因素进行了讨论，而且给出了焊接工艺裕度指数的定义和进行焊接工艺评定的思路。并就焊接工艺裕度在焊接质     

摩托车起动轴（齿）TIG焊工艺试验研究

摩托车起动轴（齿）ＴＩＧ焊工艺试验研究何文坤四川资阳钢厂焊接研究所（６４１３０４）摩托车起动轴（齿）组合焊接结构件是摩托车脚踏起动机构的重要组件之一。该件因材质的含碳量较高，焊接性能较差，又因其结构不规则（见图１），焊接难度较大。因此１９９６年以前，...     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Impedance,Modulus and Conductivity Properties of Multiferroic Composites:0.5(BiLa_xFe_(1-x)O_3)–0.5(PbTiO_3)

The Lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite–lead titanate compositions of 0.5(Bi LaxFe1-xO3)–0.5(Pb Ti O3)(x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)(BLxF1-x-PT) were prepared by mixed oxide method.Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and shows a tetragonal structure at room temperature.The lattice parameter c/a ratio decreases with increasing of La(x = 0.05–0.20) concentration of the composites.The effect of charge carrier/ion hopping mechanism,conductivity,relaxation process and impedance parameters was studied using an impedance analyzer in a wide frequency range(102–106Hz) at different temperatures.The nature of Nyquist plot confirms the presence of bulk effects only,and non-Debye type of relaxation processes occurs in the composites.The electrical modulus exhibits an important role of the hopping mechanism in the electrical transport process of the materials.The ac conductivity and dc conductivity of the materials were studied,and the activation energy found to be 0.81,0.77,0.76 and 0.74 e V for all compositions of x = 0.05–0.20 at different temperatures(200–300 °C).     

Quantitative Analysis of the Crystallographic Orientation Relationship Between the Martensite and Austenite in Quenching–Partitioning–Tempering Steels

The orientation relationships(ORs)between the martensite and the retained austenite in low-and medium-carbon steels after quenching–partitioning–tempering process were studied in this work.The ORs in the studied steels are identified by selected-area electron diffraction(SAED)as either K–S or N–W ORs.Meanwhile,the ORs were also studied based on numerical fitting of electron backscatter diffraction data method suggested by Miyamoto.The simulated K–S and N–W ORs in the low-index directions generally do not well coincide with the experimental pole figure,which may be attributed to both the orientation spread from the ideal variant orientations and high symmetry of the low-index directions.However,the simulated results coincide well with experimental pole figures in the high-index directions{123}_(bcc).A modified method with simplicity based on Miyamoto’s work was proposed.The results indicate that the ORs determined by modified method are similar to those determined by Miyamoto’method,that is,the OR is near K–S OR for the low-carbon Q–P–T steel,and with the increase of carbon content,the OR is closer to N–W OR in medium-carbon Q–P–T steel.     

The Mirror with Patterns of Auspicious Animals and Grapes——Exquisite cast mirror and the technology of surface tin-enrichment by rubbing-in and infiltration of tin-rich powder

<正>Bronze mirrors were used by the Chinese people before the introduction of the glass mirror.Only after it was replaced by the glass mirror did the bronze mirror gradually retreat from people's lives.Different styles of bronze mirrors were made in different historical periods,particularly in the Warring States Period,the Han and Tang Dynasties,which were the three peaks of the development of bronze mirror arts in ancient China.The casting techniques were exquisite.The surface of the bronze mirror was smooth and bright enough to reflect one's image,and there were scarcely any casting defects on the mirror surface.On the back of the bronze mirror,there were rich depictions of Arts and Humanities,and the ornamentations were also     

The 9th China International Diecasting Congress & Exhibition

The 9th China International Diecasting Congress ＆ Exhibition was held on July 22-24, 2014 at Shanghai New International Expc Centre. This exhibition was the most successful over the years, with over 6890 visitors and 155 exhibitors, and the exhibition area increased by 30% from 9,500 square meters in 2012 to 12340 square meters. Die casting enterprises from a total of 24 countries and regions, including China mainland, Chinese Taiwan and Hong Kong, South Korea, Japan, Germany, India, Thailand, Malaysia, the United States, Russia, Australia, Iran, Ukraine, Brazil, Colombia, Singapore, Austria, Canada, Croatia, France, Turkey, United Kingdom, Vietnam, attended the congress and exhibition.     

Introduction of the Fluid Control Engineering Institute of Kunming University of Science and Technology

正The Fluid Control Engineering Institute of Kunming University of Science and Technology was set up in 1996.The researches of institute concentrate on electro-hydraulic(pneumatic)servo/proportional control and hydromechatronics.The Institute is committed to research and development of electro-hydraulic control of high-end technical equipment in ferrous metallurgy refining produc-     

RARE METALS Volume Contents

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Antimony Induced Crystallization of Amorphous Silicon

Antimony induced crystallization of PVD (physics vapor deposition) amorphous silicon can be observed on sapphire substrates. Very large crystalline regions up to several tens of micrometers can be formed. The Si diffraction patterns of the area of crystallization can be observed with TEM (transmission electron microscopy). Only a few and much smaller crystals of the order of 1μm were formed when the antimony layer was deposited by MBE (molecular beam epitaxy) compared with a layer formed by thermal evaporation. The use of high vacuum is essential in order to observe any Sb induced crystallization at all. In addition it is necessary to take measures to limit the evaporation of the antimony.     

A CUMULATIVE FATIGUE DAMAGE RULE UNDER THE ALTERNATIVE OF CORROSION OR CYCLIC LOADING

Fatigue damage increases with the applied loading cycles in a cumulative manner and the material deteriorates with the corrosion time. A cumulative fatigue damage rule under the alternative of corrosion or cyclic loading was proposed. The specimens of aluminum alloy LY12-CZ soaked in corrosive liquid for different times were tested under the constant amplitude cyclic loading to obtain S-N curves. The test was carried out to verify the proposed cumulative fatigue damage rule under the different combinations among corrosion time, loading level, and the cycle numbers. It was shown that the predicted residual fatigue lives showed a good agreement with the experimental results and the proposed rule was simple and can be easily adopted.