木质基光敏变色功能材料的变色性能研究

利用聚乙烯醇作载体,通过溶胶-凝胶使光敏变色材料与实体木材进行复合,制备具有在紫外光照射下能发生光敏变色的木质基功能材料。通过紫外光辐射前后色度指数、视觉效果比较分析了紫外光照射对木质基光敏变色功能材料表面色差指数的影响。结果表明,经紫外光辐射后材料表面色差值明显增加,光敏变色效果显著。     

有机敏感变色功能材料的研究

综述了有机敏感变色材料的基本类型，探讨了材料的各种变色效应光致变色，热致变色，电致变色和压致变色等的内在关联，总结了有机敏感变色材料的基本分子结构类型并讨论了分子结构与敏感变色性质之间的关系。     

疏水改性羟丙基胍胶的制备及性能

在碱性条件下,以溴代十六烷(C16H33Br)为醚化剂、羟丙基胍胶(HPG)为原料制备了疏水改性羟丙基胍胶(Hm-HPG-R16),确定各原料最佳质量比m(HPG)∶m(C16H33Br)∶m(NaOH)=3∶3∶0.25。Hm-HPG-R16样品的外观形貌较HPG更加规整。HPG和Hm-HPG-R16溶液性能研究表明,当溶液浓度高于临界缔合浓度cac时,Hm-HPG-R16溶液表观黏度(η)随浓度的增加趋势较HPG大,且溶液的稳定性较HPG得到了很大改善。     

木质功能材料在清洁能源中的应用进展

能源短缺和环境污染等问题是当今社会的一大挑战,故而改良和开发清洁能源的需求变得十分迫切.近年来,木质功能材料作为一个研究热点,在清洁能源领域有着广泛的应用.木质功能材料是通过物理、化学、生物等木材功能性改良技术对木质材料进行优化,从而克服木材自身的缺陷,增强或赋予木材适应用途需要功能的材料.为了推广木质功能材料在清洁能...     

水泥基得合功能材料的研究与开发

本文介绍了借鉴功能陶瓷和功能塑料的理论和实践，研究与开发的水泥基功能材料。并阐明了各种水泥基复合功能材料如导电材料、屏蔽材料、磁性材料、电热材料，以及高强水泥基复合功能材料等的组成、性能和复合工艺。     

层层自组装法制备光敏变色复合薄膜及其性能表征

采用层层自组装法成功制备了以光敏变色材料和聚乙烯醇(PVA)为基质的光敏变色复合薄膜。采用傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)和扫描电镜(SEM)分别表征了光敏变色复合薄膜的化学组成和横断面形貌;研究了复合薄膜在紫外光照射下的光敏变色性能;用万能力学试验机和热重分析(TGA)分别检测了复合薄膜的力学性能和热稳定性能。结果表明:光敏变色材料与聚乙烯醇通过氢键结合形成光敏变色复合薄膜;SEM分析表明,光敏变色复合薄膜是典型的"三明治"结构;随着光敏变色材料浓度的增加,复合薄膜在紫外光照射下的总色度指数(ΔE*)呈现递增趋势;光敏变色复合薄膜的拉伸强度随光敏变色材料浓度的增加先增加后降低;复合薄膜的断裂伸长率随光敏变色材料的增加逐渐降低;TGA分析表明,光敏变色复合薄膜的热稳定性介于聚乙烯醇膜与光敏变色物质之间。     

水泥基复合功能材料的研究与开发

本文介绍了借鉴功能陶瓷和功能塑料的理论和实践，研究与开发的水泥基功能材料。并阐明了各种水泥基复合功能材料如导电材料、屏蔽材料、磁性材料、电热材料，以及高强水泥基复合功能材料等的组成、性能和复合工艺。     

疏水性材料的等离子体表面改性工艺研究

通过等离子体连续处理仪对疏水性材料表面进行表面改性而提高了其润湿性。研究了不同反应条件对高分子材料表面改性的影响;通过测定样品表面的接触角等性能评价了其表面亲水性的变化。经过等离子体表面处理,聚四氟乙烯的接触角有了显著下降;聚乙烯电池隔膜的吸碱率为自身重量的3.5倍,爬高率初始3 min接近100 mm;硅橡胶的接触角由105°下降到30°;聚酯的接触角由98°到15°。通过对材料表面进行丙烯酸接枝,评价了时效性的影响;初步探讨了真空紫外辐射对表面改性的影响。结果表明:改性后疏水性材料表面的润湿性得到了明显改善,该技术与设备在工业应用方面非常具有推广价值。     

电致变色材料的变色机理及其研究进展

电致变色材料是目前公认的最有发展前途的智能材料之一.简要介绍了无机电致变色材料(如WO3、MoO3、NiO、IrOx等)和有机电致变色材料(如紫罗精、稀土酞花菁、聚苯胺等)这两种不同类型的变色材料及其研究现状,阐述了电致变色现象及其变色机理,并展望了其应用前景和发展方向.     

Microstructure and functional properties of rock materials

The properties of stone materials maybe divided into intrinsic properties such as chemical and mineralogical composition, grain size and porosity, and into functional properties related to a technical application. The latter describe how the stone responds to conditions in the environment such as mechanical load, freeze–thaw cycles and exposure to moisture, and are controlled by the intrinsic properties. This implies that intrinsic properties can be used in order to assess the functional properties of the stone if it is possible to identify and quantify the related critical parameters. While this is an accepted approach for metals and ceramics, it has not been applied to the same extent to rock materials. The aim of this paper is to demonstrate that this approach also has potential in petrographic analysis.     

有机光致变色材料及其在防伪技术中的应用

概述了一种功能化学材料-有机光致变色材料,它在不同波长光的照射下,通过开环-闭环、结构异构和氧化还原等过程,能够发生颜色的变化.介绍了其在防伪技术领域的一些应用,并提出了一些增加防伪力度的思路.其中光致变色材料的应用,将是防伪技术领域的一个值得重视且亟待深入研究的工作.     

The photochromic properties of 4-keto bacteriorhodopsin

The all-trans-retinal of the native chromoprotein of bacteriorhodopsin (BR) purple membrane was replaced with the synthetic 4-keto retinal. Gelatin films were made from the reconstituted BR and the intensity-dependent basic optical properties were investigated. It is shown that at room temperature the M-state is composed of two different absorption bands (maximum at 413 nm and 435 nm) with different relaxation times. Unexpected low-intensity transmission properties which cannot be explained by the two-level model are reported. The M-state of the 4-keto BR is shown to be about 100 times slower than the M-state of the similar wild type BR-film.     

Synthesis and optical properties of photochromic perinaphthothioindigo

(1,2-naphtho)(1,8-naphtho)thioindigo (PNT) has been synthesized following a simple Friedel–Crafts route and its photochemical properties in toluene and polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) have been characterized. PNT is a photochromic molecule capable of reversible photoisomerization between a yellow form (cis-PNT, λ_max = 484 nm) and a purple form (trans-PNT, λ_max = 595 nm). The stable purple form converts to the yellow form with a trans-PNT to cis-PNT conversion quantum yield of 0.027 in toluene and 0.062 in PMMA. The unstable yellow form exhibits a cis-PNT to trans-PNT quantum efficiency of conversion of 0.27–0.85 in toluene and 0.17–0.68 PMMA, with highest conversion efficiency occurring in the vicinity of its λ_max of 484 nm. trans-PNT has a strong fluorescence quantum yield, 0.14 (toluene) and 0.16 (PMMA). For samples prepared photochemically in the cis-PNT form, slow thermal relaxation to the trans form occurs in the dark, with a half life of about 17 h in toluene (25 °C) and even slower, 168 h, in PMMA. The property of photoswitching between fluorescent and non-fluorescent forms makes this material a candidate for many applications in imaging and data storage.     

Synthesis and optical properties of photochromic perinaphthothioindigo

(1,2-naphtho)(1,8-naphtho)thioindigo (PNT) has been synthesized following a simple Friedel–Crafts route and its photochemical properties in toluene and polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) have been characterized. PNT is a photochromic molecule capable of reversible photoisomerization between a yellow form (cis-PNT, λ_max = 484 nm) and a purple form (trans-PNT, λ_max = 595 nm). The stable purple form converts to the yellow form with a trans-PNT to cis-PNT conversion quantum yield of 0.027 in toluene and 0.062 in PMMA. The unstable yellow form exhibits a cis-PNT to trans-PNT quantum efficiency of conversion of 0.27–0.85 in toluene and 0.17–0.68 PMMA, with highest conversion efficiency occurring in the vicinity of its λ_max of 484 nm. trans-PNT has a strong fluorescence quantum yield, 0.14 (toluene) and 0.16 (PMMA). For samples prepared photochemically in the cis-PNT form, slow thermal relaxation to the trans form occurs in the dark, with a half life of about 17 h in toluene (25 °C) and even slower, 168 h, in PMMA. The property of photoswitching between fluorescent and non-fluorescent forms makes this material a candidate for many applications in imaging and data storage.     

Reversible photochromic properties of TiO2-polymer nanocomposites

Composite films of nanosized TiO2 particles, which contained rutile as the only detected crystal modification, and poly(vinyl alcohol), poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) or poly(4-vinylpyridine) were prepared from aqueous dispersions. During exposure to UV irradiation the nanocomposites comprising poly(vinyl alcohol) or poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) turned blue as a consequence of a partial reduction of TiIV to TiIII. The color intensity increased with increasing TiO2 content and irradiation time. This color did not fade after removal of the UV source in spite of the sensitivity of TiIII to atmospheric oxygen. By contrast, exposure to water caused the nanocomposites to adopt their original colorless appearance. These colorization-decolorization cycles could be repeated more than 10 times without apparent loss of intensity. Due to the small size of the TiO2 nanoparticles (ca. 3 nm), patterned blue structures of high resolution could be created in the polymeric materials, for instance with simple masking methods.     

溴代吲哚啉螺苯并吡喃的合成及光致变色性质

合成了6,8-二溴-1',3',3'-三甲基螺([2H]苯并吡喃-2,2'-吲哚啉),用核磁共振氢谱、红外光谱、元素分析和熔点进行表征,并用X射线衍射仪进行物相分析.该化合物在丙酮中经365nm的紫外光照射,分子由闭环变成开环结构,颜色由无色变成蓝色,再用红外光照射或置于暗处,颜色变回到无色,表明目标化合物具有良好的光致变色性能.     

功能性改性剂PF-CaCO_3预聚体的制备及其性能表征

为了提高酚醛树脂胶黏剂的耐热性、稳定性及力学强度,并同时考虑成本,引入三聚氰胺和尿素在酚醛树脂体系中,并加入氯化钙和碳酸铵制备功能性改性剂PF-CaCO_3预聚体。通过透射电镜(TEM)、扫描电镜(SEM)和能谱分析(EDS)等微观表征可观察到20~70nm的立方形碳酸钙,通过差示扫描量热法(DSC)和热失重分析(TGA)发现,PF-CaCO_3预聚体具有良好的相容性,热稳定性增强。