Na2O-CaO-Al2O3-SiO2系统微晶玻璃的析晶动力学研究

Na2O-CaO-Al2O3-SiO2系统微晶玻璃是一种新型建筑材料,该材料不仅具有一定的力学性能,还具有良好的装饰效果.本文采用差热分析 (DTA)方法对 Na2O-CaO-Al2O3-SiO2系统微晶玻璃的析晶动力学参数进行了测定,研究了该系统微晶玻璃析晶动力学.其结果表明:随着CaO含量的增加,该系统微晶玻璃的析晶活化能E和动力学析晶参数k(Tp)总体上是上升的.晶化指数n均小于3,表明该系统微晶玻璃以表面析晶的方式析晶.     

TiO2对CaO-MgO-Al2O3-SiO2微晶玻璃析晶的影响

本文运用差示扫描量热分析(DSC)、X射线衍射(XRD)和场发射扫描电镜(FESEM)研究了TiO2含量对CaO-MgO-Al2O3-SiO2系微晶玻璃析晶过程和析晶动力学的影响.结果表明:随着TiO2含量的增加,玻璃转变温Ts和析晶峰温度Tp逐渐降低.当不加TiO2或者添加5wt％的TiO2时,玻璃发生表面析晶,析出的晶相为斜长石.当添加10wt％的TiO2时,玻璃样品在800℃热处理后发生剧烈分相,910℃晶化后出现整体析晶,晶相为普通辉石.随着TiO2含量的增加,析晶动力学常数k值增大.当添加10wt％的TiO2时,k值达到最大,为0.545,此时玻璃最容易析晶,相应的析晶活化能E和析晶指数n分别为643.329 kJ/mol和3.25.     

含Bi2O3的MgO-Al2O3-SiO2玻璃核化与晶化动力学研究

使用差热分析(DTA)的方法研究了含Bi2O3的MgO-Al2O3-SiO2玻璃粉末(粒度≤0．054mm)的核化与晶化动力学。由此方法确定了样品最大成核速度温度，同时计算出晶体生长的活化能和动力学参数。结果表明，含Bi2O3玻璃的晶化指数(n)和晶体生长维数(m)都为1．15(约等于1)，这说明该玻璃的晶化机制是表面晶化。由Kissinger和Augis—Bennett方程计算出的活化能较为接近，平均值为401kJ／mol。     

CaO-Al2O3-SiO2系玻璃陶瓷的析晶动力学研究

采用差热分析方法(DTA)对CaO-Al2O3一SiO2体系玻璃陶瓷的析晶动力学参数进行了测定,研究了该系统微晶玻璃的析晶动力学.结果表明:随着CaO/SiO2比的增大,该系统玻璃的析晶活化能E变小,析晶动力学反应速率k(T)增大,玻璃稳定性变小.所有玻璃样品的析晶指数(n)约为1,为表面析晶机制.     

热处理制度对高ZnO含量的Li2O-Al2O3-SiO2系统玻璃析晶及热膨胀系数的影响

以TiO2 ZrO2 P2O5为复合成核剂,采用传统熔融冷却法获得了高ZnO含量的Li2O-A l2O3-SiO2系统的基础玻璃。通过差热分析确定了该玻璃的热处理条件、晶化性能,利用梯温炉实验、X射线衍射分析和扫描电镜对晶化试样的物相和微观结构进行了研究,讨论了热处理制度对玻璃的析晶及热膨胀系数的影响。研究结果表明:含10%(质量分数)ZnO的LAS系统样品玻璃最佳核化温度为(710±2)℃,玻璃的晶化活化能E为(275±2)kJ/mol,晶化指数n为3.11±0.2,样品玻璃在较低温度下失透,并且随着晶化温度升高,样品的热膨胀系数加大。     

热处理制度对高ZnO含量的Li2O-A12O3-SiO2系统玻璃析晶及热膨胀系数的影响

以TiO2+ZrO2+P2O5为复合成核剂,采用传统熔融冷却法获得了高ZnO含量的Li2O-Al2O3-SiO2系统的基础玻璃.通过差热分析确定了该玻璃的热处理条件、晶化性能,利用梯温炉实验、X射线衍射分析和扫描电镜对晶化试样的物相和微观结构进行了研究,讨论了热处理制度对玻璃的析晶及热膨胀系数的影响.研究结果表明:含10%(质量分数)ZnO的LAS系统样品玻璃最佳核化温度为(710±2)℃,玻璃的晶化活化能E为(275±2)kJ/mol,晶化指数n为3.11±0.2,样品玻璃在较低温度下失透,并且随着晶化温度升高,样品的热膨胀系数加大.     

ZnO对黄磷炉渣微晶玻璃析晶影响

以黄磷炉渣为主要原料,通过添加不同比例ZnO,采用熔融法制备了CaO-Al2O3-SiO2系微晶玻璃.借助Kissinger方程分析黄磷炉渣基础玻璃的析晶能力,借助化学热力学软件FactSage 6.4模拟计算黄磷炉渣微晶玻璃晶相类型,借助X射线衍射仪(XRD)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)进行验证.结果表明:随着ZnO添加量的增加,黄磷炉渣基础玻璃的析晶峰温度Tp和析晶活化能E逐渐减小;当ZnO添加量为7wt％时,黄磷炉渣基础玻璃的析晶活化能E最小,析晶能力最强;随着ZnO的加入量的增大,黄磷炉渣微晶玻璃晶相类型并不发生改变,主晶相为硅灰石(CaSiO3),次晶相为铝透辉石(Ca(Mg,Al)(Si,Al)2O6),这与FactSage 6.4模拟计算结果一致.     

CaO-Al2O3-SiO2系粉煤灰微晶玻璃的析晶动力学及电子探针分析

利用烧结法制备了CaO-Al2O3-SiO2系粉煤灰微晶玻璃。采用差热分析方法确定了析晶峰温度Tp,研究了其晶析动力学,并利用JMA方程获得的析晶动力学参数k（Tp）制备玻璃热稳定性。采用X射线衍射、电子探针-能谱分析方法研究了微晶玻璃中玻璃基体、晶相的组成。研究结果表明：析晶活化能Ea为591.5kJ/mol,指前因子A为1.87×1013min-1,k（Tp）判据表明玻璃的稳定性随升温速率的增加而降低;升温速率对主晶相的种类没有影响,即均为单一的β-硅灰石,其尺寸大小约为2～20μm;基体玻璃中原子种类十分复杂,既有网络形成体,又有网络修饰体和网络中间体,其性质与Na2O SiO2玻璃相近。     

含Ag2O的CaO-SiO2析晶动力学的研究

用溶胶凝胶法制备了CaO-SiO2(含Ag2O)系玻璃,采用差热分析方法研究了玻璃析晶动力学.结果表明该方法制备工艺简单,Ag2O作玻璃组分,使玻璃产生不同性质;作晶核剂使析晶过程明显,经分析样品为表面析晶,析晶活化能为342.86 kJ·mol-1.     

添加CeO2的Li2O-Al2O3-SiO2系微晶玻璃的晶化和性能研究

采用差热分析,X射线衍射分析和扫描电镜等分析手段研究了添加质量分数为5%CeO2对Li2O-Al2O3-SiO2系微晶玻璃形核和晶化的影响.结果表明添加5%CeO2使该体系玻璃转变温度降低,晶化峰值温度降低,最佳成核温度从760 ℃降低到730℃.晶化过程中,β-石英固溶体首先从玻璃中析出,在较高温度,β-石英固溶体转变为β-锂辉石固溶体.通过计算发现,添加CeO2后,样品的晶化活化能E和晶化指数n从添加前(323±7)kJ/mol,2.8±0.2变为(282士7)kJ/mol,3.2±0.2.说明了添加CeO2在降低玻璃的粘度的同时促进了玻璃晶化,而对材料的透明性与热膨胀系数等影响很小.     

CaO-Al2O3-SiO2系统微晶玻璃表面析晶动力学研究

采用X衍射分析（XRD）,扫描电镜分析（SEM）等测试分析手段,研究了CaO-Al2O3-SiO2（以下简称CAS）系统微晶玻璃的析晶动力学。通过块状样品的析晶趋势表征了表面析晶模式,计算了晶体生长阶段的析晶速率;采用SEM测试方法分析了玻璃颗粒中晶体长大过程。     

Effect of soluble Cr2O3 on the silicate network,crystallization kinetics,mineral phase,microstructure of CaO-MgO-SiO2-(Na2O) glass ceramics with different CaO/MgO ratio

Cr₂O₃ is often used as a glass additive to prepare glass ceramics. Chromium element exists mainly in two parts in the glass ceramics: chromium-containing spinel and soluble chromium in glass matrix. Herein, effect of soluble chromium on the CaO-MgO-SiO₂-(Na₂O) glass system is researched. Glass and glass ceramics were characterized by Raman spectrum, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectrometry. It is found that the addition of Cr₂O₃ increased the Q²si structure unit in glass networks, especially in glass systems with high MgO content. The crystallization temperatures of the systems were increased with the addition of Cr₂O₃. Soluble chromium reduced the crystallization activation energy of the glass system slightly, but did not alter its crystallization behavior (surface crystallization). With the increase of MgO content, the mineral phases of the glass ceramics gradually changed from wollastonite to diopside. Cr₂O₃ reduced the lattice parameters of the mineral phases. The addition of Cr₂O₃ has a significant effect on grain refinement and structural compactness of the glass ceramics system with high MgO content.     

CaO-Al2O3-SiO2系统微晶玻璃表面析晶研究

采用差热分析(DTA),X衍射分析(XRD),扫描电镜分析(SEM)等测试手段,研究了CaO-Al2O3-SiO2系统微晶玻璃的析晶热力学,计算出了该组分微晶玻璃表面析晶的析晶活化能E,并确定了最佳热处理制度.其主晶相为β-硅灰石晶体,晶体呈针状,晶体从颗粒表面向内部生长.随着玻璃颗粒粒径的减小,玻璃中的晶体的数目增大,晶体的体积变小.     

Al2O3对CaO-Al2O3-SiO2系微晶玻璃晶化和性能的影响

以CaO-Al2O3-SiO2三元系微晶玻璃为研究对象,从玻璃析晶动力学方面进行研究,通过DTA和SEM等分析方法,对微晶玻璃析晶行为进行研究,利用析晶活化能E和析晶参数n值来分析析晶机理;实验结果表明:析晶参数n=2,体系属于整体析晶。随着Al2O3含量的增加,析晶温度有升高的趋势,析晶活化能增大,有利于玻璃的烧结;试样密度增大,显微硬度增加。     

CaO对CaO-Al2O3-SiO2系微晶玻璃析晶和性能的影响

以CaO-Al2O3-SiO2三元系微晶玻璃为研究对象,通过DTA,XRD,SEM等手段对微晶玻璃析晶的动力学进行研究,利用析晶活化能E和析晶参数n值来分析析晶机理;实验结果表明：析晶参数n=2,体系属于整体析晶。随着氧化钙含量的增加,析晶温度降低,析晶活化能降低,有利于微晶玻璃的晶化,使其密度增大,显微硬度增加。但氧化钙加入量不能过大,否则会因烧结温度区范围变窄而产生坑点、突起、断裂等缺陷。     

Li2O-Al2O3-SiO2高强度半透光微晶玻璃晶化及机械性能研究

设计玻璃组成及晶化工艺提高Li₂O-Al₂O₃-SiO₂微晶玻璃的强度是当前亟需解决的问题。本文通过熔融浇铸法制备了具有特定组成的Li₂O-Al₂O₃-SiO₂玻璃,通过两步热处理方法制备了高强度半透光微晶玻璃。差示扫描热分析结果显示玻璃的转变温度为532 ℃,且有多个析晶峰。热处理后,X射线衍射证明了玻璃中析出以Li₂Si₂O₅、LiAlSi₃O₈、LiAlSi₄O₁₀为主晶相的晶体,且随着热处理温度的上升或时间延长,透锂长石逐渐转变为锂辉石晶相,晶粒尺寸也从70 nm(热处理条件为:750 ℃,0.5 h和780 ℃,10 h)生长至340 nm(热处理条件为:820 ℃,0.5 h和850 ℃,4 h),微晶玻璃从半透光转变为完全乳浊。微晶玻璃具有优异的机械性能,维氏硬度最大可达9.15 GPa,环上环的最大负载可达1 335 N,最大整机跌落高度可达162 cm。此微晶玻璃可用于手机等电子器件的背板保护玻璃。     

Preparation and properties of ferromagnetic glass ceramics and glass fibers based on the composition of SiO2-B2O3-Fe2O3-SrO

The ferromagnetic glass ceramics in the system SiO₂-B₂O₃-Fe₂O₃-SrO were prepared via four different fabrication methods, i.e., fiber-drawing, melt-quenching, natural-cooling, and annealing, without performing any nucleation and crystallization heat treatments. The influences of chemical composition and fabrication method on the spontaneous crystallization of magnetite were investigated by X-ray diffraction, scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The X-ray diffraction patterns show the presence of nanometric magnetite crystals in the glass matrix, and the increasing boron oxide can promote the spontaneous crystallization of magnetite. The estimated size of crystallized magnetite varies between 12 and 50 nm. The magnetic properties of the glass ceramics derived from the four fabrication methods were analyzed using a Vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), Agilent HP8722ES vector network analyzer and Mössbauer spectra. We find that both the saturation magnetization (M_S) and coercivity (H_jc) depend on the chemical composition and fabrication method. The calorimetric measurements were carried out using Orton Standard Dilatometers.     

粉煤灰制备微晶玻璃组织与性能的研究

本文利用粉煤灰与石英砂为主要原料制备不同成分的微晶玻璃,并进行核化、晶化。利用扫描电镜对核化、晶化的微晶玻璃进行组织观察,利用硬度计对其硬度测定并对其密度进行测量。研究表明,通过核化、晶化后的微晶玻璃的硬度、密度均升高。当粉煤灰含量较高时,析出网状的晶体组织,并且其在晶化后的硬度增加较少。但当有晶核剂二氧化钛大于5%时,无网状组织析出,且其在晶化后硬度明显提高。     

Effect of MgO addition on the crystallization and in vitro bioactivity of glass ceramics in the CaO–MgO–SiO2–P2O5 system

CaO–MgO–SiO₂–P₂O₅ glass ceramics were successfully prepared by sintering the sol–gel-derived powders. The effects of MgO addition on the samples crystallization and structure were investigated by means of differential thermal analysis (DTA), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In addition, samples degradation and in vitro bioactivity assays were also evaluated. With more MgO addition, the glass ceramics crystallization kinetics under non-isothermal conditions changed from bulk crystallization to surface crystallization, and new crystal phases of Ca₂MgSi₂O₇ and SiO₂ were induced. In addition, it is observed that with increasing MgO concentration, the glass ceramics degradability gradually decreased and the formation of apatite was delayed.     

Growth behavior,morphology and properties of lithium aluminosilicate glass ceramics with different amount of CaO,MgO and TiO2 additive

Li₂O–Al₂O₃–SiO₂ glass with CaO, MgO and TiO₂ additive were investigated. With more CaO + MgO addition, the crystallization temperature (T_p) and the value of Avrami constant (n) decreased, the activation energy (E) increased. The mechanism of crystallization of the glass ceramics changed from bulk crystallization to surface crystallization. With more TiO₂ addition, the crystallization temperature decreased, E and n had a little change. The crystallization of the glass ceramics changed from surface crystallization to two-dimensional crystallization. Plate-like, high mechanical properties spodumene-diopside glass ceramics were obtained. The mechanical properties related with crystallization and morphology of glass ceramics.