稠油井空心杆泵上掺稀油降粘举升工艺设计

针对鲁克沁油田稠油生产井井筒流体流动困难、举升效果差的问题，进行了稠油、稀油及不同稠稀比混合物的粘温关系试验，建立了不同稠稀比混合物的粘度计算相关式和空心杆泵上掺稀油降粘举升工艺参数设计模型。应用结果表明，掺稀油对鲁克沁油田稠油具有明显的降粘效果，所建立的空心杆泵上掺稀油降粘举升工艺及举升参数设计模型具有较高的准确性。通过优化设计，平均单井系统效率提高了4．53％，平均单井产油量增加1．905t／d，累计增油3780t，取得了很好的开采效果。     

电潜泵提液采油配套技术的应用

为了鲁克沁油田提液增产,针对其超深稠油油藏的特点和深层稠油采油技术现状进行分析,采用试验电潜泵提液井筒举升工艺,增大了油井生产压差,同时在研究和实践中,初步形成了空心抽油杆井筒掺稀油降粘、防砂电潜泵提液采油工艺配套技术.现场实施表明,单井产量大幅度提高,油田含水上升速度得到控制.该技术为超深稠油油田中高含水期实现经济高效开发奠定了技术基础,具有广阔的推广应用前景.     

吐玉克稠油油田深抽配套工艺技术应用

鲁克沁油田是在吐哈盆地鲁克沁构造带发现的超深稠油油藏，油藏埋深2300～3400m，50℃时原油粘度达到10000—20000mPa·s。采用泵上掺稀井筒举升工艺技术开采5年，主要表现出为油藏埋藏深，原油粘度大，地层产能低，油井在生产过程中出砂等开采矛盾。通过研究、论证及现场试验，配套空心抽油杆掺稀油降粘工艺，并取得了较好的研究成果和开发效果。     

我国掺稀降粘工艺破解世界石油开采难题

在石油钻探中将稀油掺进稠油中，通过空心杆把油从地层中开采出来，这一掺稀降粘工艺在吐哈盆地吐玉克油田首次应用成功，既破解了世界稠油开发难题，也填补了中国石油开发空白。     

螺杆泵在鲁克沁深层稠油中的研究与应用

针对鲁克沁深层稠油埋藏深、粘度高、地层出砂严重、杆柱断脱频繁、螺杆泵无法进行常规开采的现状,设计了一种掺稀管柱,并通过掺稀稠油的室内试验和泵的举升压头研究,配合最小携砂排量研究,完成了深层稠油螺杆泵开采技术配套。应用该技术在鲁克沁深层稠油中首次将泵下至2000m,日节电30%以上,平均日增液8.1m3,解决了空心杆断脱、蜡堵和卡泵的问题。该技术推广应用后,可降低一次性投资,降低采油成本,提高油井产量及生产效率,实现油田的低成本高效开发。     

深层稠油掺稀油举升方法研究

深层稠油在油藏条件下具有一定的流动能力 ,但在井筒中的流动阻力却很大 ,造成生产上的困难。该文针对深层稠油油藏的特点 ,在对稠油粘温关系和深井举升工艺进行研究的基础上 ,结合实验室掺稀油降粘效果研究结果 ,对空心杆泵上和泵下掺稀油举升工艺的可行性进行了研究。设计结果及现场生产分析结果表明 ,空心杆掺稀油是一种适合于深层稠油冷采的举升方式。     

深层稠油掺稀油举升方法研究

深层稠油在油藏条件下具有一定的流动能力,但在井筒中的流动阻力却很大,造成生产上的困难。该文针对深层稠油油藏的特点,在对稠油粘温关系和深井举升工艺进行研究的基础上,结合实验室掺稀油降粘效果研究结果,对空心杆泵上和泵下掺稀油举升工艺的可行性进行了研究,设计结果及现场生产分析结果表是,空心杆掺稀油是一种适合于深层稠油冷采的举升方式。     

稠油空心杆掺水降粘技术试验及应用

目前在稠油、超稠油开发中普遍采用掺水降粘和掺稀油降粘两项技术。针对这两种技术在实施中存在的问题，结合油田实际情况，运用空心杆和井下掺水单向控制系统相配合，通过油管内泵上掺水，达到降粘的目的。在杜212断块现场试验，取得了很好的效果，满足了生产降粘工艺的需要。     

螺杆泵掺药降粘采油技术试验

利用空心杆向井稠内掺入活性水或稀油,降低油流阻力,实现应用螺杆泵开采深层稠油。螺杆泵掺药降粘采油技术在冷家油田冷43－19－570井应用取得了成功,该井源油粘度为8630mPa.s(50℃）,螺杆泵下深达1500m,应用后该井产量略有上升,而且节约了大量的基建投资及日常生产操作费有。螺杆泵掺药降粘采油技术为深层,含砂稠油,海上稠油的开采提供了一条新的途径。     

轮古油田复合举升采油技术研究与应用

针对轮古油田以稠油油藏为主,且油藏埋藏深,开采初期选择水力喷射泵掺稀油开采工艺,水力喷射泵在地层压力较低时无法满足深井举升要求;而该油田现有技术条件又无法把抽油泵下到4500m以下实现人工举升开采稠油的问题,在该油田进行了水力喷射泵掺稀油与有杆泵相结合的复合举升试验。通过水力喷射泵掺稀油使稠油在井筒内得到有效降粘并获得一级举升,有杆抽油泵给予能量补充并实现二级举升。现场试验表明,该技术解决了深井稠油举升的难题,在7口井的推广应用中,平均单井日增产液量20m3,保证了低产低压稠油超深井的稳定生产。     

含油溶性聚醚的汽轮机油性能研究

将油溶性聚醚（OSP）作为汽轮机油基础油组分,考察了油品的抗氧化性、清净性、油泥生成趋势和抗乳化性能。研究结果表明：OSP具有很好的油溶性和独特的醚链结构,将OSP作为汽轮机油基础油组分是改善汽轮机油性能的有效途径;随着基础油中OSP含量的增加,新汽轮机油的黏度等级没有发生改变,而黏度指数增加,倾点降低,其它指标没有明显变化;OSP与复合剂F-2的互配性较好,加入OSP的油品具有很好的抗氧化性、清净性、抑制油泥生成性能和抗乳化性。     

碳酸盐岩油藏原油储量计算的动态方法

本文研究整理了12种根据油藏开采动态资料计算原油储量的方法,包括8种可采储量计算方法和4种地质储量计算方法,根据华北油田14个裂缝性碳酸盐岩油藏的应用结果,讨论了这些方法的主要特点。     

双河油田的综合油气化探异常及其找油意义

用水化学法和△C法对泌阳凹陷双河油田进行了综合油气化探测量,取得了比较明显的综合油气化探异常,建立了水化学和△C异常模式,据此,对综合油气化探测量具有重要的指导意义。      

可视化技术在石油行业的应用

可视化是近年来新发展起来的一个研究和开发十分活跃的技术领域,它将计算机图形、图像处理和计算机视觉等技术应用于科学计算领域,目前已在各个学科中得到广泛的应用。本文主要探讨了可视化技术的概念、发展、系统组成及其在石油行业中的应用和发展前景。     

VISCOSITY OF WATER IN OIL EMULSIONS

ABSTRACT

Increase in water cut in oil fields generally calls for an increase in the capacity of transport pipelines. Proper design and operation of the latter requires good knowledge of the thermophysical properties of flow resistance of crude-oil water mixtures. An experimental program aimed at measurements of oil-water emulsion viscosity for water cuts prior to the inversion point was conducted.

The present work reports on measurements of Nimr crude oil-water mixtures viscosity for different water cuts and a typical range of temperatures representative of field conditions (20°-50°C). Three mixing intensities of 10⁶, 5×10⁶ and 15×10⁶ erg/cm-sec generated by a dynamic coalescer and directly relevant to field conditions were used.

The results suggest that the inversion point occurs around a value of water cut of 35%. Both Newtonian and non-Newtonian (pseudo-plastic) behaviour were observed, and the ASTM viscosity model is found to be applicable to the emulsions. The effect of the mixing intensity on the resulting emulsion viscosity was found to be important at low temperatures and decreased at high temperatures. The experimental data fitted the available correlations in the literature.     

油罐区集油系统工业开发

油罐区油罐进出口短管以下部分的罐底油回收,现均采用接临时设施的方法,费工费时又极不安全,而且造成效益流失和环境污染。从理论上对罐区集油系统工艺技术进行了分析,为工业应用提供了理论依据。罐区集油系统工业应用效果良好、效益显著     

ORGANIC PRECIPITATES IN OIL PRODUCTION OF A VENEZUELAN OIL FIELD

A very light crude oil is being produced in an oil field in Venezuela. Such oils are susceptible to asphaltene precipitation as the reservoir pressure decreases during production. An asphaltene deposit has been found in the tubing of one of the wells and in the bottom sediment of the tanks on site. Dead oil samples from the well head of seven different producers in the field were analyzed by three different companies. The laboratory results covering the following aspects of different solvents show significant differences: asphaltene content, asphaltene/resin ratio, molecular mass of the precipitated asphaltenes, flocculation point, Vanadium/nickel ratio, precipitated asphaltenes, and the Hildebrand parameter. Using different consistency checks and establishing correlations among the results, the analysis of one lab is strongly favored against the others. The analytical results are discussed in detail, including the correlation between asphaltenes and the well situation regarding perforation depth and the phase behavior of the produced oil.     

VISCOSITY OF WATER IN OIL EMULSIONS

Increase in water cut in oil fields generally calls for an increase in the capacity of transport pipelines. Proper design and operation of the latter requires good knowledge of the thermophysical properties of flow resistance of crude-oil water mixtures. An experimental program aimed at measurements of oil-water emulsion viscosity for water cuts prior to the inversion point was conducted.

The present work reports on measurements of Nimr crude oil-water mixtures viscosity for different water cuts and a typical range of temperatures representative of field conditions (20°-50°C). Three mixing intensities of 10⁶, 5×10⁶ and 15×10⁶ erg/cm-sec generated by a dynamic coalescer and directly relevant to field conditions were used.

The results suggest that the inversion point occurs around a value of water cut of 35%. Both Newtonian and non-Newtonian (pseudo-plastic) behaviour were observed, and the ASTM viscosity model is found to be applicable to the emulsions. The effect of the mixing intensity on the resulting emulsion viscosity was found to be important at low temperatures and decreased at high temperatures. The experimental data fitted the available correlations in the literature.     

辽河油区稠油储层砂岩特征及原油微观分布

通过对辽河油区稠油储层砂岩岩石学特征和含油薄片荧光特征的研究．总结出四种孔障类型，三种孔隙充填状况。在此基础上．对原油荧光性质和微观分布进行了分析，认为稠油砂岩中不同沥青组分的原油在微观分布上具有一定的差异性。即沥青质沥青分布于粒间孔隙中，油质沥青分布干微孔中，而胶质沥青分布于二者之间。