栅栏技术在乳品工业中的应用

介绍了栅栏技术的提出和基本原理,栅栏因子的种类,并就重要栅栏因子(温度、pH值、辐照因子、压力因子、气调技术、包装材料、益生菌等)在乳品工业中的应用进行了探讨。     

栅栏技术在面包防腐中的应用

应用栅栏技术,对面包的水分活度(甘油和山梨糖醇)、复配防腐剂(脱氢乙酸钠与丙酸钙复配)和复合充气包装(二氧化碳与氮气复配)3个栅栏因子进行研究,以贮存时间和感官评分为指标,确定面包保存的最佳栅栏条件。通过正交实验,得到最佳栅栏条件:水分活度(甘油2%、山梨糖醇4%)、脱氢乙酸钠与丙酸钙复配比例2∶3、二氧化碳与氮气的充气比例1∶2。通过试验验证,在此条件下,面包贮存时间最长为61天。     

栅栏技术在花色生鲜面保鲜中的应用

在面粉中按比例添加火龙果皮浆制成具有一定保健功能的营养鲜湿面,以感官、酸度变化和微生物指标为依据,通过正交试验确定影响生鲜面保藏效果的栅栏因素的最佳配比。试验结果表明:脱氢醋酸钠0.05%、山梨糖醇3%、D–抗坏血酸0.02%为最优方案。由此加工出的生鲜面在4℃的保藏温度下保存,保质期可达13 d。     

栅栏技术在果蔬保鲜中的应用

果蔬保鲜问题是长期以来我国食品发展中急需解决的问题之一,同时也是制约我国果蔬出口的主要瓶颈。栅栏技术是根据食品内不同栅栏因子的协同作用或交互效应使食品达到相对稳定的食品防腐保鲜技术。本文对果蔬保鲜中的重要栅栏因子温度、湿度、气调技术、辐照因子、包装材料、保鲜剂等进行了探讨。      

栅栏技术在传统肉制品生产中的应用

介绍了栅栏技术的基本原理。针对中国的传统肉制品特性,利用栅栏技术,在不影响其货架寿命条件下改善风味、提高营养价值。在栅栏技术的基础上结合微生物预测技术和HACCP技术使传统肉制品更易于保藏。     

High temperature storage of infant formula milk powder for prediction of storage stability at ambient conditions

Hexanal formation and pentanal formation were found to be early signs of quality deterioration of both a high lipid infant formula milk powder and a high protein infant formula milk powder with similar lactose and water content; these aldehydes were sensitive predictors for shelf-life at ambient conditions using short term storage at temperatures up to 55 °C. Higher temperature loads such as 70 °C were found to induce rapid lactose crystallisation entailing a rising water activity, higher levels of free radicals, rapid browning and formation of Strecker aldehydes from protein degradation, of which all were found to be unsuitable for shelf-life prediction. Advanced glycation end products were not detected during storage at 25 °C for up to 18 weeks and the rate of oxygen consumption for the reconstituted milk drink was not affected by storage of the infant formulas at 25 °C; neither can be recommended for shelf-life prediction.     

栅栏技术在发酵辣椒保藏中的应用研究

为了保藏发酵辣椒,同时保证其风味及口感不被破坏,对发酵辣椒栅栏保藏技术进行研究。通过单因素试验和正交试验考察真空度、脱氢乙酸钠添加量、Nisin添加量、杀菌温度和时间对发酵辣椒保藏性的影响,确定最佳栅栏保藏工艺为脱氢乙酸钠添加量0.02%和Nisin添加量0.02%,抽真空度为0.09 MPa密封后,在75 ℃条件下处理10 min,此时菌落总数的对数值为2.30,感官评分为95分,总酸度为0.85%。经过该栅栏因子组合处理的产品不仅可以抑制保藏期间微生物的生长,控制产品的继续发酵,而且还有利于保证辣椒的感官品质。     

栅栏技术在海鲜调味料开发中的应用

详细介绍了栅栏技术,栅栏效应,并就重要栅栏因子在海鲜调味料中的应用及未来发展前景进行了探讨。     

Quality and storage stability of extruded puffed corn-fish snacks during 6-month storage at ambient temperature

BACKGROUND: Cereal‐based snacks are usually low in protein and other nutrients. Increased health awareness of consumers has led the food industry to develop fortified snacks with functional ingredients. Three types of extruded corn‐fish snacks, containing 150 g kg^?1 carp mince and 150 g kg^?1 trout mince, 30 g kg^?1 freeze‐dried saithe protein and a regular corn snack (control). were produced to study quality changes and storage stability of the products during 6‐month storage at 27 ± 2 °C. RESULTS: All products had the same level of water activity and proximate composition except for protein. Fortified snacks had a protein content of 93–98 g kg^?1, compared with 65 g kg^?1 in the control. A significant increase was observed for peroxide value during storage (0.0 to 2.8 meq kg^?1). Scores for attributes describing oxidation and off odors and flavors increased after 5–6 months' storage but attributes describing puffed corn snack odor and flavor did not change during storage of any of the products. CONCLUSION: Extrusion of corn grits with fish flesh/fish protein can be used to produce high‐protein products that would be an option to provide nutrient snacks for consumers and to increase fish consumption. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry     

苹果梨汁的常温护色方法

为抑制苹果梨汁褐变,在果实榨汁前,以护色剂对苹果梨汁抑制褐变率和色差值的影响为指标,在5组单因素试验的基础上,通过5因素2水平正交试验,运用正交试验的极差分析,确定了柠檬酸、Na_2SO_3、L-半胱氨酸3种对褐变抑制率及色差值影响较大的护色剂,之后通过软件进行试验设计及响应面法分析。试验结果表明,最佳的苹果梨汁护色剂配方为:柠檬酸添加量为0.67 g/100 mL,Na_2SO_3添加量为0.01 g/100 mL,L-半胱氨酸添加量为0.01 g/100 mL,在此配方条件下预测苹果梨汁褐变抑制率为58.1%,色差值为25.8 NBS。实际值为苹果梨汁平均褐变抑制率58.6%、平均色差值25.3 NBS,预测值与试验值吻合程度分别为99.14%和98.06%。     

Improving ambient temperature stability of probiotics with stress adaptation and fluidized bed drying

Stabilization efficiency in terms of long term ambient temperature storage viability of the probiotic strain Lactobacillus casei CRL 431 was compared using freeze and fluidized bed drying techniques. Fluidized bed drying was able to retain 2.5 log cfu/g higher viability after 52 weeks of storage at 25 °C. A combination of fluidized bed drying and osmotic stress adaptation to the probiotic cells yielded further improvement of 0.83 log cfu/g higher viability compared to the unstressed cells. The findings were validated with other two lactobacilli and two bifidobacterium strains with probiotic characteristics and significant improvements in storage stability over freeze dried samples were observed. Fortification of vitamin E in the stabilization matrix as an antioxidant improved the stability by 0.18 log cfu/g during 20 weeks storage period at 25 °C, whereas any similar benefit of fortifying inulin as a prebiotic was not observed.     

哈密瓜常温贮运保鲜剂的研制

哈密瓜常温贮运中容易腐烂。氯硝胺对匍枝根霉有很强的抑制作用,抑菌剂A对镰刀菌、链格孢和青霉有很强的抑制作用,二者在抑菌谱上具有互补性。1000mg/L的抑菌剂A和1000mg/L的氯硝胺配制而成的保鲜剂能有效控制哈密瓜常温贮运中的腐烂。     

低温环境下鲣鱼切割系统的分析与设计

利用宽温型PLC设计了一套能在-18℃低温环境下完成鲣鱼切割处理的模拟装置。结果表明,系统在鲣鱼的加工温度、切割速度等方面明显优于常温下的人工处理以及超低温解冻后的机械切割,缩减了冷链物流中的加工及暴露环节,有效减少了温度波动。该装置可以直接装配在围网捕捞船舶的处理舱与速冻舱的中间环节,实现切割与速冻同步进行。     

香豉兔肉防腐保质栅栏因子的调控研究

在新型兔肉干制品开发中,对决定产品感官和可贮性的主要特性指标进行了研究。结果表明,添加2.0%食盐,3.0%白糖,70℃烘烤干燥2h,使肉料至含水量30.5%,将产品理化值确定于aw0.86,pH5.9,NaCl3.9%,糖4.5%时产品风味最佳,而以aw0.86作为保证产品可贮性和质量特性的主要栅栏因子,在通过高温杀菌设置的F因子(110℃,10min)与aw互作效应,可使产品在尽可能保持特有风味的同时,感官质量和货架寿命优于传统肉干。     

高新技术在常温流通低温肉制品中的应用

低温肉制品以其优质的口感,诱人的香味、丰富的营养必将在未来肉制品发展中成为主流产品。高新技术的应用可以解决低温产品常温流通的难题,因此,深入研究食品高新技术对于肉制品未来发展是必要的。     

缝合技术在复合材料上的应用及发展

缝合复合材料以其优良的层间断裂韧性和冲击损伤容限而越来越受到各国研究者的关注。主要介绍缝合技术在复合材料上应用的发展状况,综述了缝合方式、缝线轨迹和缝合工艺参数及其对复合材料力学性能的影响。     

Preservation of kiwifruit coated with an edible film at ambient temperature

With the permeability mathematical model of edible film and analytic hierarchy process (AHP), four items including the permeability of oxygen (P_O2), carbon dioxide (P_CO2) and water vapour (WVP), and respiratory quotient (P_CO2/P_O2) of edible film used for kiwifruit preservation were evaluated comprehensively. The optimum edible film composed of soybean protein isolate (SPI), stearic acid (SA), and pullulan (Pul) was obtained and used to preserve kiwifruit. The result showed that the edible film for coating kiwifruit retarded the senescence process of fruit. The softening rates of kiwifruit coated with or without the edible film were 29% and 100%, respectively, in 37 days storage, thus the shelf life of kiwifruit coated with edible film being extended to about 3 times.