同质异构交联法对再生聚乙烯的改性研究

通过硅烷交联法制备了交联聚乙烯（PE）,并将其加入到水选废旧塑料薄膜再生PE颗粒中进行改性研究。通过扫描电子显微镜（SEM）对再生料冲击样条的断口进行观察,研究了交联料用量对再生PE的力学性能和加工流动性的影响;用差示扫描量热法（DSC）和X射线衍射法(XRD)研究了当交联料添加量为15份时,再生料结晶性能与交联度的关系。结果表明,添加了交联料的再生料的聚集态结构发生了变化,形成了“同质异构分散结构”,该结构会使再生料的拉伸强度和冲击强度大幅提升,而断裂伸长率和熔体流动速率则有一定程度的下降;当交联料的添加量为15份时,材料具有最佳的综合性能,且当添加量为15份、交联度为33.5 %时,再生料的结晶性能最好。     

聚烯烃弹性体增韧改性聚碳酸酯的研究

用四种聚烯烃弹性体对聚碳酸酯（PC）进行了增韧改性。探讨了不同种类和用量的增韧剂对聚合物共混物力学性能的影响。结果表明，EVA的加入使共混物韧性改善最明显，当其用量为15％时，材料的缺口冲击强度提高至38．7kJ／m^2，为纯PC的25倍，但材料的拉伸强度急剧下降。POE—g—MAH对PC的增韧效果仅次于EVA，但共混物的拉伸强度降低程度比EVA小，且共混物的断裂伸长率提高很多。其它两种共混体系PC／EAA、PC／LLDPE-g—MAH的性能介于EVA和POE—g—MAH之间。综合考虑材料的各种机械性能，添加20％的POE—g—MAH的PC共混物的性能较佳。     

环氧改性剂对PA6/EVOH共混物性能的影响

介绍了不同环氧改性剂对聚酰胺6（PA6）/乙烯?乙烯醇共聚物（EVOH）共混物的拉伸性能、流变性能、结晶性能的影响,并研究了甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯（GMA）与共混物的反应机理。使用转矩测试、红外光谱、氢核磁共振、拉伸测试、旋转流变测试和差示扫描量热法对共混物进行了表征。结果表明,随着改性剂环氧值的增加,共混物的共混转矩、拉伸强度、复数黏度和储能模量均增加,共混物的结晶度和结晶温度降低,断裂伸长率呈先升高后降低的趋势;考虑到加工过程的流动性,GMA改性的共混物性能最佳,拉伸强度提高了8.5 %,断裂伸长率提高了26.6 %;红外光谱和氢核磁共振表明,GMA可以在高温下发生自聚合反应,形成多环氧低聚物,进而与PA6和EVOH反应,提高共混物的性能。     

PP/SBS/EVA三元共混改性制备汽车仪表板专用料的研究

聚丙烯（PP）由于具有价格低、原材料丰富、力学均衡性好、耐化学腐蚀等特点，近年来成为最热门的汽车零部件材料。本文以聚丙烯为基体树脂，热塑性丁苯橡胶（SBS）为主增韧剂，乙烯/醋酸乙烯共聚物（EVA）为辅助增韧剂，通过三无共混改性制备汽车仪有板专用料，并对改性的聚丙烯的材料的冲击强度、弯曲强度、弯曲模量、拉伸强度、断裂伸长率、收缩率、熔体流动速率进行测试。应用正交设计，确定了制备汽车仪表板专用料最佳配方。     

EVA含量与PP/EVA共混体系机械性能的研究

针对PP材料低温下机械强度比较差的特点,利用弹性体 EVA对PP进行增韧改性.叙述了在PP/EVA共混塑料合金加工过程中,不同的EVA含量对改性共混体系所产生的基本力学性能的影响,讨论了EVA含量与体系各主要机械性能,如拉伸强度、断裂伸长率、抗弯曲强度、冲击强度之间的关系.     

POE和EVA对IXPE发泡材料的改性研究

研究添加不同比例EVA树脂（乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯）和弹性体POE（乙烯-辛烯共聚物）对IXPE发泡材料的表观密度、拉伸性能及泡孔结构的影响。结果表明POE和EVA添加量增加,IXPE表观密度增大;当POE/EVA〈26份时,POE对IXPE发泡材料的拉伸强度的改性效果优于EVA,当POE/EVA〉26份时,EVA对IXPE发泡材料的拉伸强度的改性效果优于POE;POE对IXPE发泡材料断裂伸长率的改性效果较好;添加不同比例POE和EVA,都能制备出泡孔结构均匀IXPE发泡材料。     

低发泡POE／AS／EVA共混材料的研究

利用试验设计方法研究了聚乙烯弹性体（POE）、苯乙烯－丙烯腈共聚物（AS）、乙烯－醋酸乙烯共聚物（EVA）和油（Oil）、碳酸钙（CaCO3）、二氧化硅（SiO2）对低发泡POE／AS／EVA共混材料物理力学性能的影响。实验结果:POE对共混材料的硬度、撕裂强度的影响不大，而拉伸强度、断裂伸长经、压缩永久变形随POE用量的增加而增加；AS对低发泡POE／AS／EVA共混材料的拉伸强度，撕裂强度的影响较小，断理解伸长率、压缩永久变形在一定范围内随AS用量的增加而下降，硬工随AS用量的增加而增加；EVA对共混材料性能的影响不大。     

PVC/EVA形状记忆管材的制备及性能研究

采用双螺杆挤出制备了聚氯乙烯/乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物(PVC/EVA)共混物管材,考察了EVA含量对PVC塑料管材的流变性能、热力学性能、形状记忆等性能的影响。研究发现,EVA弹性体能够显著增加材料的韧性和降低材料的维卡软化温度,缩短材料的塑化时间;制备的PVC/EVA共混物具有较佳的形状记忆效应,且形变回复后管材的环刚度、拉伸强度、断裂伸长率等力学性能没有明显降低,满足国标PVC管材要求。     

热塑性淀粉塑料的力学性能研究

以淀粉和增塑剂为原料制备了热塑性淀粉 (TPS)塑料及TPS/EVA共混材料 ,研究了材料的力学性能。结果表明 :TPS塑料的拉伸强度和弹性模量随着增塑剂用量的增加而降低 ,断裂伸长率和冲击强度则随之升高 ;用量相同时 ,3种增塑剂对TPS塑料的冲击强度和断裂伸长率的改善程度依次为 :乙二醇 >丙三醇 >丙二醇 ,而对拉伸强度和弹性模量的影响正好相反 ;相同条件下 ,3种热塑性淀粉塑料的韧性为 :玉米TPS >木薯TPS >小麦TPS。加入经马来酸酐改性后的乙烯 -醋酸乙烯酯共聚物 (EVA)后 ,TPS的韧性显著提高 ,其中 ,以玉米TPS/改性EVA共混物的断裂伸长率最高     

OMMT对PHBV/EVA共混物的改性研究

以有机改性蒙脱土（OMMT）为改性剂,采用熔融共混法制备了聚（3-羟基丁酸酯-co-3-羟基戊酸酯）/乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯/有机改性蒙脱土（PHBV/EVA/OMMT）共混物和样条,并通过旋转流变仪、差示扫描量热仪（DSC）、红外光谱仪（FTIR）、万能试验机、热失重分析仪（TG）、偏光显微镜（PLM）和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）等对其流变性能、结晶性能、力学性能、热性能及微观形貌等进行了表征。结果表明,随着OMMT含量的增加,PHBV/EVA/OMMT共混物的损耗模量和复数黏度增大;在PHBV/EVA/OMMT共混物中,OMMT产生了插层结构;OMMT的加入破坏了PHBV/EVA共混物的结晶,使其结晶度降低;当OMMT含量为7份（质量份,下同）时,PHBV/EVA/OMMT的结晶度最低,为43.4 %;随着OMMT含量的增加,PHBV/EVA/OMMT样条的断裂伸长率和冲击强度先升高后降低,当OMMT含量为3份时,其断裂伸长率较PHBV/EVA提升了38.3 %,冲击强度提升了52.5 %;加入OMMT后,PHBV/EVA样条的冲击断面变得更加粗糙。     

HDPE/EVA/LDPE共混物拉伸性能和流变性能研究

用ＥＶＡ、ＬＤＰＥ、ＣａＣＯ３改性,填充ＨＤＰＥ,研究了它们的用量,品种对共混珠拉伸性能和流变性能的影响。结果表明,共混物熔体为假塑性流体。ＥＶＡ、ＬＤＰＥ用量增加,共混物拉伸强度下降,但断裂伸长率和熔体流动性提高。     

辐射交联LDPE/EVA混合体系泡沫片材性能的研究

辐射交联LDPE/EVA混合体系泡沫片材表观光滑、柔软,手感好,表观密度较小,材料具有优异的力学性能,较高的拉伸强度、断裂伸长率和撕裂强度。进一步研究了产生宏观性能差异的原因是辐射交联LDPE/EVA混合体系泡沫片材制备成型工艺的特殊性,体系的交联度对制品性能影响很大。通过凝胶分析知道交联度与辐照剂量、LDPE树脂的物理性能和EVA树脂在混合体系的含量有关。此外,LDPE树脂的物理性能和EVA在混合体系的含量对材料宏观性能也有影响。     

EVA增容改性玉米淀粉／LDPE共混体系的研究

以LDPE和玉米淀粉为主要原料,与EVA熔融共混制备了玉米淀粉／LDPE／EVA共混材料,并对其热学性能和抗张性质进行了研究。DSC分析显示EVA可以明显改善LDPE和淀粉之间的相容性,机械性能也有所改善,在EVA含量为10％时,抗张强度为9．2MPa,断后伸长率为117．4％。     

Effect of electron beam irradiation and vinyl acetate content on the physicochemical properties of LDPE/EVA blends

The radiation‐induced crosslinking, compatibility, and surface modification of low density polyethylene/ethylene vinyl acetate blends (LDPE/EVA) were investigated. The structural and physical properties were characterized in terms of gel content, hot set, mechanical properties, contact angle, and surface free energy. The highest crosslink density was obtained at 20 wt % of EVA. Gel content of LDPE/EVA blends was increased with increasing irradiation dose, vinyl acetate (VA), and EVA contents. The hot set results are consistent with the gel content data. Mechanical testing showed that the tensile strength of samples increased with increasing irradiation dose up to 180 kGy, whereas the elongation at break was decreased with increasing irradiation dose. Contact angle measurements showed that the surface hydrophillicity of LDPE blend was increased with increasing irradiation dose and contents of both VA and EVA. The surface free energy was greatly dependent on irradiation dose and content of both VA and EVA. The total surface free energies of different LDPE formulations were in the range 17.25–32.51 mN/m, in which the polar (^pσ) and disperse (^dσ_s) values were within the range 16.52–26.6 and 0.9–5.91 mN/m, respectively. In conclusion, electron beam irradiation and blending LDPE with EVA improved the wettability or adhesion properties of LDPE/EVA blends. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2007     

Rheological and mechanical characteristics of low density polyethylene/ethylene‐vinyl acetate/organoclay nanocomposites

Attempts were made to trace the effect of organoclay (OC) on the rheological and mechanical behaviors of the low density polyethylene (LDPE)/ethylene‐vinyl acetate (EVA) blends. To do this effectively, in addition to LDPE/EVA/OC system, pure LDPE and LDPE/EVA blends were also examined as model systems. The rheological behavior was determined by the capillary rheometer. Morphological characterization was also carried out using X‐ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and theoretical approach based on interfacial energies. Shear viscosity, tensile strength and elastic modulus of LDPE/EVA were found to decrease by increasing the EVA content, while for LDPE/EVA/OC ternary nanocomposites, such properties showed an increase by increasing the content of EVA. Such behavior was explained by the morphological characteristic of the system in which OC was mainly intercalated/exfoliated in the EVA phase. This morphological characteristic was corroborated by the XRD, TEM and interfacial energies data. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2010. © 2010 Society of Plastics Engineers     

Mechanical properties-structure relationships of crosslinked blends based on LDPE/HDPE waste

Low-density polyethylene (LDPE) waste was blended with high-density polyethylene (HDPE) waste of different degrees of degradation. Structural, mechanical and rheological properties of these blends were investigated. It was found that 2 wt.-% of dicumyl peroxide improves simultaneously the tensile strength and elongation at break without serious decrease of the melt elasticity of separate PE wastes and their binary blends in comparison with unmodified PE. It was shown by DSC analyses that modification of the blends leads to better compatibility between LDPE and HDPE.     

Morphological and mechanical properties of polypropylene [PP]/poly(ethylene vinyl acetate) [EVA] blends. I. Homopolymer PP/EVA systems

Morphological and mechanical properties of polypropylene [PP]/poly(ethylene vinyl acetate) [EVA] blends have been studied. Infrared results using thin films first indicated a transition toward compatibility between both components at concentrations above 40% EVA. The transition was verified with different experimental techniques and it was associated to morphological changes and mechanical properties. The PP/EVA blends were mechanically evaluated in terms of impact and tensile strength to determine the influence of blending on the performance properties of these materials. Agreement was found between the transition and the enhancement of both elongation at break and impact strength.     

Comparison Properties of Natural Rubber (SMR L)/Ethylene Vinyl Acetate (EVA) Copolymer Blends and Epoxidized Natural Rubber (ENR-50)/Ethylene Vinyl Acetate (EVA) Copolymer Blends

Mixing torque, morphology, tensile properties and swelling studies of natural rubber/ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer blends were studied. Two series of unvulcanized blends, natural rubber/ethylene vinyl acetate (SMRL/EVA) copolymer blend and epoxidized natural rubber (50% epoxidation)/ethylene vinyl acetate (ENR-50/EVA) copolymer blend were prepared. Blends were prepared using a laboratory internal mixer, Haake Rheomix polydrive with rotor speed of 50 rpm at 120°C. Results indicated that mixing torque value and stabilization torque value in ENR-50 blends are lower than SMRL blends. The process efficiency of ENR-50/EVA blends is better due to less viscous nature of the blend compared to SMRL/EVA blends as indicated in stabilization torque graph. Tensile properties like tensile strength, M100 (modulus at 100% elongation) and E _b (elongation at break) increase with increasing EVA fraction in the blend. At the similar blend composition, ENR-50 blend shows better tensile properties than SMRL blends. In oil resistance test, swelling percentage increased with immersion time and rubber composition. At a similar immersion time, ENR-50 blends exhibit better oil resistance compared to SMRL blends. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of tensile fractured surface indicated that EVA/ENR-50 blends need higher energy to cause catastrophic failure compared to EVA/SMRL blends. In etched cryogenically fractured surface, size and distribution of holes due to extraction of rubber phase by methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) were studied and holes became bigger as rubber composition increased due to coalescence of rubber particle.     

Mechanical properties of recycled LDPE/EVA/ground tyre rubber blends: Effects of EVA content and postirradiation

Thermoplastic elastomers were prepared from recycled low density polyethylene [rLDPE] and virgin low density polyethylene (LDPE), respectively, ground tyre rubber (GTR), and ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) copolymer. The amounts of the rLDPE and GTR were fixed at 40 and 30 wt %, respectively, in the formulations, whereas the LDPE and EVA contents varied each between 0 and 30 wt %. The fresh LDPE served for reduction of the melt viscosity and EVA was used for improving the elastomeric properties. Blends of different compositions (by varying the LDPE/EVA ratio) were produced by twin-screw extrusion and pelletized. Specimens were produced by injection molding and subjected to tensile and instrumented falling weight impact (IFWI) tests. To improve the mechanical performance of the blends, the injection molded specimens were electron beam irradiated at 150 kGy absorbed dose. Static tensile and hysteresis, IFWI and dynamic mechanical thermal analysis tests were performed on the specimens and the fracture surface was inspected with a scanning electron microscope. The results indicated that better rubber-like properties were achieved with increasing EVA content. Moreover, postirradiation proved to be very beneficial, especially for blends containing relative high amounts of EVA. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012     

Preparation and characterization of LDPE/starch blends containing ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymer as compatibilizer

A series of LDPE blends with plasticized (PLST) and granular starch (FILST) were prepared. Ethylene/vinyl acetate (EVA) copolymer was used as a compatibilizer in three different amounts: 10, 25 and 50 wt% based on starch. The blends were studied by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Second derivative IR spectra showed peak shifts similar to those observed in V-type starch complexes with ethylene/vinyl alcohol copolymers. The possibility for V-type complex formation is supported by the lower biodegradation rates of the blends containing higher amounts of EVA. Mechanical properties of the blends, especially elongation at break, were satisfactory even for blends containing high amounts of starch (20–30 wt%).