纳米二氧化钛光催化性能的应用进展研究

纳米二氧化钛具有强的光催化活性和强的氧化性,能利用紫外光降解很多有害的有机物质、甚至有毒的物质。本文介绍了锐钛型二氧化钛薄膜的晶体结构、光催化机理,和提高光催化活性的方法。综述了其催化性能的改进方法以及应用研究的进展。介绍了其光催化性能的应用,指出纳米二氧化钛光催化技术的理论基础和应用研究的发展潜力。     

高温煅烧纳米二氧化钛的光催化性能对比研究

选择四种粒度的锐钛型纳米二氧化钛（5、40、60、100nm）在500～900℃之间进行煅烧,制备了一系列二氧化钛催化剂。对亚甲基兰的光催化降解性能测试结果表明,煅烧是可以提高纳米二氧化钛的光催化活性,650℃时煅烧的二氧化钛光催化效果最好。四种粒度的纳米二氧化钛对比分析结果表明6 5 0℃时6 0n m二氧化钛的光催化活性最高。     

纳米二氧化钛光催化涂料降解甲醛的研究进展

介绍了纳米二氧化钛光催化降解甲醛的机理,着重讨论了不同因素下二氧化钛对甲醛光催化降解的影响及提高TiO2光催化活性的途径,概述了纳米二氧化钛光催化降解甲醛的研究进展。     

纳米二氧化钛的水热制备及光催化研究进展

纳米二氧化钛具有优异的光催化活性以及光电转化、光致发光特性。纳米二氧化钛的水热法制备具有独特的优势。重点介绍了纳米二氧化钛的3种晶体结构、水热法制备的过程机理,以及反应条件(原料、温度、pH等)对所得产物的影响,反应条件控制得当,可以获得具有一定晶型组成、尺寸和形状的纳米二氧化钛。介绍了纳米二氧化钛的光催化机理、晶体结构对光催化的影响,以及光催化性能的改进。根据光催化机理可以设计制备出具有分散性好、晶粒小、高比表面积、晶型可控的高催化活性的纳米二氧化钛,其在抗菌消毒、污水处理等方面具有很高的应用价值和良好的发展前景。     

纳米二氧化钛复合材料降解水中污染物的研究

对金属离子掺杂纳米二氧化钛复合光催化材料降低水中污染物的研究进展进行了论述；金属离子掺杂纳米二氧化钛复合光催化材料相较于纳米二氧化钛，其禁带宽度变窄，提高了在可见光区的吸收性能，提高了光催化活性，提高了污染物降解率。     

纳米二氧化钛修饰优化其光催化性能的研究进展

对于纳米二氧化钛光催化性能的广泛应用及其在应用时效率偏低的问题,从抑制TiO2内载流子的复合、提高催化剂的比表面积和改变催化剂的结构与表面性质3个方面综述了修饰纳米二氧化钛以提高其光催化性能的研究成果。     

纳米二氧化钛的制备与应用

本文详细介绍了纳米二氧化钛光催化材料的作用和基本特性。介绍了纳米二氧化钛超亲水性原理及应用方面的分类。对纳米二氧化钛的基本制备方法和应用进行了探讨。总结了光催化材料在实用技术和应用方面存在的问题,并对其今后的发展方向进行了前景展望。     

纳米TiO2光催化剂在污水处理中的应用

纳米二氧化钛作为一种重要的光催化材料,由于具有化学性质稳定、便宜、无毒并具有较高活性等优点而得到了广泛的研究与应用。论文在综合分析相关文献的基础上,概述了二氧化钛光催化剂在污水处理中的应用,介绍了纳米二氧化钛在光催化处理污水方面的成果和研究进展,探讨了纳米二氧化钛工业应用的研究方向。     

二氧化钛光敏性及防晒能力探讨——光敏性的色差测定值与防晒能力的关系

从光敏反应机理出发，用色差方法评估了各类化妆品用二氧化钛的光活性，结果表明，颜料级二氧化钛光活性不明显，而超细二氧化钛因其对UV线的吸收，有明显的光活性；通过对各种超细二氧化钛的防晒因子（SPF）值的测定，证明SPF值与光活性之间无顺变关系，即高防晒性并不意味着高光活性，后者受粉体表面性质及周围环境的影响这为合理而又安全地利用超细二氧化钛的高防晒性提供了依据。     

纳米晶二氧化钛光催化薄膜的制备技术及表征

论述了纳米TiO2的光催化原理以及影响其光催化活性的主要因素；综述了近年来二氧化钛纳米晶光催化薄膜的制备技术和表征方法的研究成果，并对二氧化钛纳米晶光催化薄膜技术的发展方向进行了展望。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。