一种基于用户兴趣度模型的Web路径挖掘算法

针对目前在挖掘用户访问行为方面存在的准确性不高的问题,本文提出了一种用户兴趣度模型.并基于这个模型设计了一个web访问路径挖掘算法,用来更准确地挖掘用户的访问模式,实现网站的个性化服务.     

基于交换分区主机行为安全检测系统设计与实现

通过分析Windows系统中常见文件系统（如FAT32、NTFS等）底层数据结构及其关系,设计了一种从硬盘底层获取交换分区文件（pagefale．sys）算法。然后分析网站、电子邮件以及IPEG文件特征模式,构建相应的特征库,研究了网站、电子邮件访问行为分析机制,并设计了JPEG图像文件浏览行为分析算法。最后,设计并实现了基于交换分区的主机行为检测系统。实验数据表明,该系统能够检测用户主机的网站、电子邮件访问行为,以及JPEG图像浏览行为。     

跨文化网站设计进程模型研究

随着全球化进程逐渐加快加深，国际网站要想成功需要理解并满足不同用户的文化需求。即实施“全球思考，本地行动”。文章首先回顾了有关网站文化交流的四种模型。其中包括：文化维度（n-因素）模型，文化标示物／吸引物模型，文化行为模型，以及以活动理论为根据的模型。在此基础上提出了跨文化网站设计模型，其表现为一个含六个设计步骤的浓缩性框架。目的在于对网站的文化应用提供一种思路，并对网站设计者提供有益指导。     

基于网络用户行为的网站发展研究

基于网站用户群体的行为特征在很大程度上体现了网站的发展状况,为从用户行为的角度研究网站的发展,在互联网中提出了空间的概念,并定义了互联网空间和网站发展空间,分别用来代表整个互联网以及衡量网站的发展现状和发展趋势。为展示各个网站在互联网空间中的位置分布情况和发展空间大小,使用网站用户规模、用户满意度和重访率三个参数建立了网站发展空间模型。根据网络用户行为指标的特征,对应地提出了模型参数的计算方法,进而通过网站发展空间模型直观地展示各个网站的发展情况和发展趋势。针对移动互联网的快速发展,在移动互联网中更能体现网站的发展过程,因此采用来自某大型移动网络的用户点击流数据对网站发展空间模型进行实验,详细分析并展示真实网站的发展现状,准确地预测网站的发展趋势,验证网站发展空间模型的有效性。     

一种改进的IDS异常检测模型

基于机器学习的异常检测是目前IDS研究的一个重要方向．该文对一种基于机器学习的用户行为异常检测模型进行了描述，在此基础上提出一种改进的检测模型．该模型利用多种长度不同的shell命令序列表示用户行为模式，建立多个样本序列库来描述合法用户的行为轮廓，并在检测中采用了以shell命令为单位进行相似度赋值的方法．文中对两种模型的特点和性能做了对比分析，并介绍了利用UNIX用户shell命令数据进行的实验．实验结果表明，在虚警概率相同的情况下改进的模型具有更高的检测概率．     

从Web日志中挖掘用户浏览偏爱路径

Web日志中包含了大量的用户浏览信息，如何有效地从其中挖掘出用户浏览兴趣模式是一个重要的研究课题．作者在分析目前用户浏览模式挖掘算法存在的问题的基础上，利用提出的支持一偏爱度的概念，设计了网站访问矩阵，并基于这个矩阵提出了用户浏览偏爱路径挖掘算法：先利用Web日志建立以引用网页URL为行、浏览网页URL为列、路径访问频度为元素值的网站访问矩阵．该矩阵为稀疏矩阵，将该矩阵用三元组法来进行表示．然后，通过对该矩阵进行支持一偏爱度计算得到偏爱子路径．最后进行合并生成浏览偏爱路径．实验表明该算法能准确地反映用户浏览兴趣，而且系统可扩展性较好．这可以应用于电子商务网站的站点优化和个性化服务等．     

Web用户访问路径的差异性度量方法研究

Web站点个性化已经成为当前研究的一个热点,人们通过各种方法,对网站内容、结构、用户行为等进行数据挖掘,建立用户兴趣模型,为网站用户提供更好的服务,加强网站的竞争力。在当前网站个性化的方法中,基于用户行为分析的方法是最具有竞争力的一类方法。对Web用户行为进行分析用得较多的技术是对Web用户访问路径进行聚类以发现有意义的模式。而良好聚类的前提是有效地度量Web用户访问路径的差异性。针对这个问题,提出了一种新的Web用户访问路径差异性度量方法,通过模拟实验也验证了方法的正确性。     

基于UML的数据服务系统的建模

为了提高遥感数据分发网站的交互性和稳定性,完善其用户体验,建立了基于UML的可视化模型,该模型包括静态建模和动态建模。通过建模,为遥感数据分发网站的设计提供了可视化的面向对象技术的框架。在此基础上,设计了满足用户需求的分发网站。通过设计与实现,表明了该模型有效地解决了以往网站开发过程中的难拓展、难集成、用户体验不足等问题。     

教育网站个性化推荐系统中的一种用户兴趣模型的建立

用户兴趣模型用于描述用户的个人信息、专业背景、偏好倾向和历史行为等，通过这些信息，系统可以发现和预测用户的信息需求，从而对用户进行个性化的信息推荐服务。用户兴趣模型是影响推荐系统服务效率的重要因素，因此针对用户兴趣进行建模是个性化推荐系统实现中要重点考虑的问题之一。本文从教育网站用户对象特点出发，提出了将用户兴趣分为固定兴趣与临时兴趣相结合的动态模型：     

OLAP系统中用户浏览行为模型分析

用户在OLAP系统中的行为往往有一定的规律．在认定用户的查询意图相对稳定的前提下，分析用户的行为能提高OLAP系统的性能．而在分析用户的行为之前，选择合适的用户查询模型，记录用户的行为显得尤为重要．本文提出一个模型，包含了绝大多数的OLAP系统的操作．该模型可比较完整的记录了用户的查询浏览行为．     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.