基于硬阈值迭代的电力线载波通信脉冲噪声抑制方法

在电力线载波通信系统中,由于脉冲噪声的存在,系统性能会受到严重影响。考虑到脉冲噪声在时域上具有稀疏性,基于压缩感知的脉冲噪声估计方法被广泛采用。提出了一种基于硬阈值迭代的压缩感知方法来估计脉冲噪声。该方法通过迭代求解更新阈值,然后利用阈值函数对脉冲噪声进行估计,最后在接收信号中减去脉冲噪声的估计值,完成对脉冲噪声的抑制。仿真结果表明,该方法能够准确估计脉冲噪声幅值点,同时在均方误差与估计信噪比的性能上都有提高。     

基于像素梯度自适应迭代中值滤波器的图像脉冲噪声抑制算法

图像脉冲噪声移除是获得高质量图像的关键。本文通过热红外相机成像原理研究,提出了一种基于像素梯度自适应迭代中值滤波器的图像脉冲噪声抑制算法。首先,根据相机的调制传递函数计算获取原始图像的最大像素梯度,继而建立相应的像素梯度集合。然后,计算原始图像与对应像素梯度滤波图像的梯度权重均方根误差集合,并将该集合高斯分布的最大值对应的像素梯度确定为最佳像素梯度。最后,根据图像中脉冲噪声的密度和复杂度,确定所提滤波器的自适应窗口大小和迭代次数。大量实验结果表明,所提滤波器对移除8位、16位的单通道脉冲噪声图像展现出良好的鲁棒性。与其它先进方法相比,该方法可以实时移除真实热红外相机采集图像中低密度的随机值脉冲噪声和SAPN,并实现噪声抑制过程中99.5%以上的原始像素不会遭受破坏。除此之外,针对高密度SAPN抑制,该方法获得了具有竞争力的结果,与运行时间较快的滤波方法相比表现出较好的PSNR和SSIM,与PSNR和SSIM较优秀的去噪方法相比表现出较快的运行时间。对于极限SAPN（99%）破坏的图像,也能够恢复有意义的图像细节。     

基于压扩变换的电力线通信系统脉冲噪声抑制

针对电力线通信系统高负荷期急变脉冲噪声抑制问题,提出了一种基于压扩变换的噪声抑制方法.该方法在发射端对通信信号进行压扩变换,压缩和扩展信号幅值,改善信号峰均功率比性能;接收端首先利用压扩峰值估计噪声脉冲概率,然后对接收信号进行消隐降噪处理,最后再通过硬反馈判决进一步去除残留脉冲噪声.仿真结果表明,提出算法具有较高的噪声...     

一种改进的电力线通信系统脉冲噪声抑制方法

为了抑制脉冲噪声对电力线正交频分复用（OFDM）通信系统的影响,最常用的方法之一是在接收端OFDM解调器之前前置一个置零非线性单元,即传统置零法。然而,由于引入了非线性失真,其性能并不理想。针对传统置零法引起的非线性失真问题,提出了一种基于迭代消除非线性失真的改进置零法。首先,对接收到的时域OFDM信号进行脉冲噪声检测和置零处理;然后,在频域利用已检测的符号来重构时域置零处理引入的非线性失真,并通过迭代提高重构的准确性;最后,从频域接收信号中减去重构的非线性失真。仿真结果表明,所提改进算法与传统置零法相比,有非常大的性能提升,增强了电力线OFDM通信系统对脉冲噪声的抵抗能力。     

智能电网中电力线通信系统噪声抑制方法

电力线通信是智能电网的关键技术,噪声严重影响了电力线通信质量.为此,提出一种基于改进自适应滤波的电力线通信噪声抑制方法.该方法针对变步长最小均方误差(LMS)算法收敛速度和稳态精度之间的矛盾问题,采用误差相关值作为步长调整因子,并加入补偿项,提高了算法的收敛速度和抗干扰能力.对电力线通信背景噪声和脉冲噪声抑制进行了仿真...     

电力线中基于幂迭代ICA的脉冲噪声抑制方法研究

针对电力线通信中的α脉冲噪声影响,以及传统的噪声抑制算法受限于噪声的先验信息的问题,提出一种基于幂迭代的快速独立成分分析算法(PowerICA)。在此工作中,首先通过加权处理构建伪观测信号,将单通道的盲分离模型转换为多通道正定模型;然后利用提出的盲分离算法进行噪声和源信号分离工作;最后仿真验证了提出算法的有效性。实验研究分析表明,提出的算法比FastICA算法分离效果更好,分离更稳定,所需要的时间也更少,提高了通信信号处理的实时性。     

水声通信系统中信号同步的一种实现方法

水声通信技术是解决水下信息传送和处理的关键技术,它广泛应用于水下自治机器人(AUV)、水下通讯网络、遥控和目标检测等领域.由于水下恶劣传输条件的影响,水声通信系统中同步信号的处理是系统的一个关键问题.本文介绍了一种简单的水声通信方案的设计,重点分析了采用同步脉冲信号通信体制的位同步、帧同步实现方法.     

电力线通信中基于L1-L1优化算法的脉冲噪声抑制算法

针对电力线通信系统中脉冲噪声抑制问题,提出了一种基于L1-L1优化算法的脉冲噪声抑制方法.基于OFDM子载波之间的正交性,该方法首先利用空子载波矩阵构造出仅含脉冲噪声和背景噪声的压缩感知方程.然后,将脉冲噪声估计问题转化为受约束的L1-L1最小化问题,并通过交替方向乘子法获得脉冲噪声的求解,完成脉冲噪声的估计,最后在接...     

水声通信中脉冲干扰和载波频偏联合估计算法的研究

脉冲噪声和载波频率偏移严重影响正交频分复用(OFDM)水声通信系统性能。本文提出了基于稀疏贝叶斯学习(SBL)理论联合脉冲干扰和载波频偏估计算法。该算法在每次迭代中首先依据所有载波和频域信号的后验分布得到脉冲噪声最小均方误差(MMSE)估计值,然后根据该值估计出相应的载波频偏并对接收信号进行补偿,以降低脉冲噪声和载波频偏之间的相互影响。仿真结果表明,与已有分步估计算法相比较,新方法有效的降低了系统误比特率(BER),且该联合算法在非高斯背景下具有更好的稳定性。      

基于分数阶Fourier变换的正交多载波水声通信系统研究

针对传统OFDM系统在应对深度频率选择性衰落信道时性能下降和多普勒频偏造成子载波相互干扰的问题,提出采用正交的线性调频(LFM)信号作为载波,基于分数阶Fourier变换(FRFT)的正交多载波水声通信方案。该方案选用相同调频斜率,不同中心频率,频带相互重叠的正交LFM作为子载波进行信息调制,以分数阶Fourier变换作为调制解调方法来传输信息。为应对水声信道的多途效应,采用在数据帧与帧之间插入保护间隔(GI)来减小码间干扰。提出结合QDPSK和分数阶域载波位置修正抑制多普勒效应,简化系统复杂度。该方案最高通信速率可达3.6kbit/s,通过仿真研究和湖试实验验证了该方案的有效性与可行性。     

OPNET在水声通信网中的应用研究

首先,介绍水声通信网的产生背景、发展概况及应用潜力。从水声通信网的定义出发,分析复杂多变的水声网络特点及其网络拓扑结构。其次,详细论述大型网络仿真软件OPNET在水声通信网中的应用研究现状:概括水声网物理层的研究内容,重点分析数据链路层和网络层,包括多址技术、随机接入协议和路由协议的选择。最后,对当前水声通信网络研究中存在的问题进行分析,提出今后急需开展的研究方向。     

Mobile direct-sequence spread-spectrum underwater acoustic communication based on improved differential energy detector

A Doppler estimation method based on the structural features of spread spectrum signal was proposed,which could achieve real-time Doppler estimation for received spread spectrum signals by energy detecting the result of matching correlation calculation of adjacent received spreading symbols.In addition,this method made full use of the spread spectrum processing gain and could do Doppler estimation under low SNR condition.Improved differential energy detector was further proposed,which can effectively deal with the rapid carrier phase fluctuation interference caused by Doppler effect and time-varying multi-path interference by detecting the output energy of two correlators.Simulation verified the robustness of improved differential energy detector algorithm and the Doppler estimation method based on spread spectrum signal.At-sea data shows that improved differential energy detector combined with the proposed Doppler estimation method can achieve low bit error rate communication for direct-sequence spread spectrum underwater acoustic communication with large time-varying Doppler interference when SNR is ?10 dB.     

基于P-NOMA的上行水声通信网络容量分析

在通信距离不尽相同节点的最优适用频段可能会部分重叠的背景下,针对水声系统频率资源利用率低的问题,提出了一种基于部分非正交多址接入(Partial Non-orthogonal Multiple Access, P-NOMA)技术的上行链路水声通信方法。该方法中各P-NOMA节点在非重叠频段内采用正交多址接入技术传输信息,在重叠频段内利用最大或受限的发送功率同时同频发送信息给目的节点,目的节点采用串行干扰消除方法提取重叠频段内的各P-NOMA节点信息。根据功率谱密度与容量之间的关系,分析了P-NOMA节点在注水算法和功率均匀分布下的可达容量,以及信干噪比限制对最小发射功率的影响。仿真结果验证了基于P-NOMA技术的水声上行通信网络在系统容量方面具有的优势。     

An underwater acoustic communication scheme exploiting biological sounds

Underwater acoustic (UWA) communications have attracted a lot of interest in recent years motivated by a wide range of applications including offshore oil field exploration and monitoring, oceanographic data collection, environmental monitoring, disaster prevention, and port security. Different signaling solutions have been developed to date including non‐coherent communications, phase coherent systems, multi‐input and multi‐output solutions, time‐reversal‐based communication systems, and multi‐carrier transmission approaches. This paper deviates from the traditional approaches to UWA communications and develops a scheme that exploits biomimetic signals. In the proposed scheme, a transmitter maps the information bits to the parameters of a biomimetic signal, which is transmitted over the channel. The receiver estimates the parameters of the received signal and demaps them back to bits to estimate the message. As exemplary biomimetic signals, analytical signal models with nonlinear instantaneous frequency are developed that match mammal sound signatures in the time‐frequency plane are developed. Suitable receiver structures as well as performance analysis are provided for the proposed transmission scheme, and some results using data recorded during the Kauai Acomms MURI 2011 UWA communications experiment are presented. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于自适应噪声抵消的无线传感网络信道优化

无线传感器网络通信技术广泛应用在物联网近场通信、水声通信等领域。无线传感网络通信信道受到多途干扰,导致信道失衡,需要进行信道均衡模型设计。提出一种基于自适应噪声抵消的无线传感器网络通信信道优化技术,首先构建了无线传感器网络通信的信道模型,对无线传感器网络信道传播过程中衰减损失和各条路径的信号进行重组,采用自适应噪声抵消算法进行信道的多途干扰滤波,结合最小二乘（ RLS）准则算法进行无线传感器网络通信信道均衡设计。仿真结果表明,采用该通信信道均衡技术能有效提高无线传感器网络通信的信道质量,降低通信传输失真和误比特率,实现信道自适应均衡,提高通信的抗干扰能力。     

Multiuser cyclic shift keying spread spectrum underwater acoustic communication

Aiming at the problem of low data rate and high receiver complexity of existing direct sequence spread spectrum code division multiple access (DS-CDMA),a novel code division multiple access (CDMA) using cyclic shift keying (CSK) signaling,namely CSK-CDMA,was proposed for multiuser underwater acoustic communication.The proposed method used the cyclic correlation characteristic of spread spectrum signals with M-ary modulation to provide a higher data rate than conventional.Passive time reversal technology was employed to suppress inter-code interference between users and the co-channel interference.The quasi-orthogonality of spread spectrum code was used to improve the processing gain.Multiuser communications are demonstrated with lake experimental recorded data under the condition of 5.27 km distance and complex multipath interference.The data rate is 39 bit/s/user for 6 users with bit error rate around 10^-2～10^-4.     

一种有效的水声通信网络中用于半双工信道的ARQ协议

自动重传请求(ARQ)在保证通信网络可靠传输中起着关键的作用。但是，在水声通信网络中，由于水声信道的半双工以及信道的长传播时延特性，使得水声通信网络的吞叶性能受到极大的制约。本文针对水声信道长传播时延这一特点，利用扩频通信技术，将单个信道分成两个子信道；一个用于前向信道(从发送方到接收方)，另一个用于反向信道(从接收方到发送方)，从而使得对每个分组数据的响应时间大大缩短，提出了一种有效的适合于半双工特性的ARQ协议。理论分析和仿真结果表明，相对于传统的SW ARQ协议而言，该协议在水声信道下具有更优的吞吐性能。     

Filter orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing scheme based on polar code in underwater acoustic communication with non-Gaussian distribution noise

The research domain of underwater communication has garnered much interest among researchers exploring underwater activities. The underwater environment differs from the terrestrial setting. Some of the main challenges in underwater communication are limited bandwidth, low data rate, propagation delay, and high bit error rate (BER). As such, this study assessed the underwater acoustic (UWA) aspect and explored the expression of error performance based on t-distribution noise. Filter orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing refers to a new waveform candidate that has been adopted in UWA, along with turbo and polar codes. The empirical outcomes demonstrated that the noise did not adhere to Gaussian distribution, whereas the simulation results revealed that the filter applied in orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing could significantly suppress out-of-band emission. Additionally, the performance of the turbo code was superior to that of the polar code by 2 dB at BER 10⁻³.     

Generalized frequency division multiplexing–based acoustic communication for underwater systems

The underwater (UW) acoustic channel poses multiple challenges like coloured ambient noise, frequency‐dependent attenuation, and doubly selective fading. The availability of a robust underwater communication mechanism can largely enhance the success of human effort in a multitude of applications, ranging from pollution surveillance to defence and search/rescue operations. In this work, generalized frequency division multiplexing (GFDM), a non‐orthogonal multicarrier scheme, which has recently been studied for terrestrial wireless fading channels, is developed and tested for signalling in UW acoustic communication. UW noise, attenuation, and doubly selective fading channels are modelled with appropriate statistics. The BER performance of proposed system is systematically evaluated under different channel conditions, starting from simple additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) and Rayleigh fading channels to a horizontally configured UW channel. The performance is also compared with contemporary orthogonal frequency‐division multiplexing (OFDM)– and filter bank multicarrier (FBMC)–based systems.