Unravelling Apartheid Spatial Planning Legislation in South Africa

The reform of spatial planning and land use legislation in South Africa has been difficult to achieve. The laws designed to implement the urban plans of apartheid remain stubbornly in place. This case study shows that despite there having been three windows of opportunity during which far-reaching law reform seemed likely there has been little change. The only post-apartheid national land development law, the Development Facilitation Act, has been found to transgress the Constitutional powers of local government. With its demise the country falls back entirely on pre-democratic planning legislation. Fundamental to effective planning law reform is a constitutional framework that clearly delineates the legislative powers to regulate planning and land use. A clear and shared understanding of what planning can and cannot achieve is also important, as is an effective alignment of planning law reforms with those of other sectoral laws such as local government and environment. Planning law, especially in a country of great inequality, inevitably gives rise to litigation. Drafters of new planning legislation cannot afford not to pay attention to the minutiae of how the planning system operates. Such a failure opens new planning initiatives to legal attack.     

在南非进行城市规划的新方法

随着南非1994年向民主国家进行过渡，服务于种族主义与种族隔离政策空间社会管理几十年的传统的总体与空间规划开始被视为完全丧失信誉的规划手段。     

Integrated Development Planning in South Africa: Lessons from the Dwars River Valley

Post-apartheid South Africa has brought about internationally acclaimed legislation that promotes social equity and environmental sustainability. This paper presents findings of research conducted in the Municipality of Stellenbosch on the effectiveness of the participatory planning model, the Integrated Development Plan (IDP). While post-apartheid accomplishments are noteworthy, power dynamics and fiscal insecurity continue to shape outcomes. Innovative coalitions have emerged, instilling hope that true participation is possible after trust between all stakeholders mends historical tensions.     

Farm-Worker Housing in South Africa: An Evaluation of an Off-Farm Housing Project

Although farm-worker housing has been neglected in South Africa historically, new policy, tabled in 2004, specifically targets the constraints that have been hampering delivery in rural areas. While either on- or off-farm farm-worker housing is envisioned, constraints with regard to on-farm housing and service provision, such as the prerequisite of security of tenure, prevent generalised delivery to the rural population, despite the fact that ESTA provides for security of tenure under certain conditions. There is a need to upgrade the living conditions of people on farms where they are currently residing, in order to ensure the right to adequate shelter as envisioned by the Constitution. However, under current legislation tenure rights must first be secured before such action can be taken. Research on an off-farm housing project in Bothaville was conducted in order to determine the sustainability of this approach, while simultaneously assessing the broader housing policy context, with a view to making policy recommendations.     

A Critical Reflection on Urban Spatial Planning Practices and Outcomes in Post-Apartheid South Africa

The spatial planning and policy framework and associated implementing tools in South Africa have undergone fundamental changes since the onset of the democratic era in 1994. The effectiveness and influence of urban spatial planning on restructuring South African cities are however increasingly being questioned and there remains a surprising paucity of empirical evidence to evaluate the impact of these plans. Seven key challenges are identified as impacting on the effectiveness of urban spatial planning in the democratic era. The responses to these challenges as reflected by the urban spatial plans of a cross-section of cities indicate moderate levels of progress with improving the horizontal and vertical alignment of spatial planning processes and with the integration of sustainability principles into spatial planning. Some limited improvement was noted with the understanding of the urban space economy and the alignment of infrastructure development and capital investment with spatial planning. However, very little progress is evident with the principle of physical and social economic integration of cities, considering the informal sector in mainstream spatial planning processes, and with the use of appropriate indicators and quantified targets to monitor the implementation and impact of spatial plans. The application of innovative spatial and statistical techniques will not only greatly enhance the understanding of these issues, but will also provide the basis for formulating appropriate and robust indicators and targets to monitor the impact of spatial plans.     

试析城市规划和建设项目交通环境评估问题

近几年城市旧区改造高强度开发 ,新区建设规模扩大 ,由此带来的交通环境问题日益突出 ,在大城市和特大城市尤其如此。本文提出了对建设项目进行交通评估的建议 ,并以上海市为例 ,分别就开展城市规划和建设项目交通环境评估的必要性 ,需要进行交通环境评估的建设项目分析 ,建设项目交通环境评估管理运作 ,进行了探讨。     

工业旅游项目规划设计原则的探讨

以一个黄酒生产企业的工业旅游项目为例,从项目的规划设计出发,引出在工业生产结合工业旅游项目的规划设计中需要遵循的几个原则,并提出了一些规划设计建议。     

武汉大学文科区规划与建筑设计

以武汉大学文科区建筑设计为例,指出在校园建筑规划与设计当中,应着重体现出对校园环境与文脉的尊重,积极营造具有良好人文氛围的交往空间,并以此提升大学校园的气质与风貌。     

PPP模式下地铁项目建设全周期筹划研究

结合我国地铁建设基本程序,以南京地铁5号线PPP项目为例,从地铁项目工可报告阶段、设计阶段、建设实施阶段、验收阶段、特许经营阶段和移交阶段,分别对PPP模式下的地铁项目建设全周期筹划进行了研究,以期为今后的类似项目提供参考和借鉴。     

BIM技术在项目前期策划方面的应用

项目前期策划是全过程项目管理的主要阶段,有效的项目前期策划对建设项目的成本、工期及运作有着积极的影响,是项目建设成功的前提。BIM技术的出现,可能成为克服传统方法弊端和提升策划和决策水平的利器,用来提升社会整体的项目策划能力和水平,以和现代建设项目的高要求相匹配。     

风景这边独好——南非园林绿化印象

今年元月,赴南非经济最发达的城市约翰内斯堡、立法首都开普顿、行政首都比勒陀利亚及旅游圣地太阳城等地考察园林绿化和引种植物,虽走马观花、浮光掠影,但留下的印象是深刻和美好的。南非气候宜人,夏少酷热,冬无严寒,尽管国土65%的地区年降雨量少于500毫米,但地下水资源充足,公园绿地因有水的灌浇,花繁叶茂,郁郁葱葱。     

波坦Igo首次亮相南非

波坦Igo系列中最新、最大的Igo50型自升降塔式起重机正在德国的工地上施工,用于建造一个位于Sauerland州Hemer区的医院实验室。承包商Verfuss公司用这台首次进入德国的塔式起重机吊装所有材料和设备。Verfuss公司的经营部经理Georg Verfuss说：“这台塔式起重机的最大工作幅度为40m,最大起重量4t,再加上变频驱动装置,都是非常有用的功能。”它的臂端起重量为1．1t。     

The Experiences of Immigrants in South Africa: a Case Study of Ethiopians in Durban,South Africa

In recent years there has been an increase in the number of immigrants in South Africa from non-SADC countries. This research was conducted with Ethiopian immigrants in Durban in an attempt to shed some insights into this new nexus. The aim of the study was to understand the experiences of Ethiopian immigrants. The decision to migrate is motivated by a number of socio-economic factors including social networks and greater accessibility and availability of opportunities. The findings of this research suggest that most Ethiopian immigrants in South Africa are involved in the informal economic sector. The target of their economic activities is mainly South Africans in the townships and Ethiopian immigrants themselves. Crime is not the major concern because it does not impact the immigrant community. This research found that Ethiopian immigrants have not integrated into the local community. Language is a major barrier to integration. However, more efforts are needed to ensure their integration into the local community.     

韩山师范学院文科大楼设计

通过对韩山师范学院文科楼工程的介绍，说明设计者如何运用继承、延续、以人为本的设计理念，创造出与环境相融合的高校教学建筑。