激光相变硬化在模具表面强化中的应用研究

介绍了激光表面相变硬化加工的特点及应用、材料表面激光相变硬化工艺的研究——激光相变硬化机制、激光相变硬化层的影响因素、激光相变硬化过程的温度场研究、激光相变硬化后残余应力场的研究以及激光相变硬化在模具表面强化中的应用。     

激光相变硬化技术的研究现状及进展

主要介绍了激光相变硬化的特点及强化机理、激光表面相变硬化工艺。分析了钢铁材料激光相变硬化后的组织与性能,及近年来激光相变硬化技术在材料科学领域的研究状况。     

激光相变硬化技术的研究现状及进展

主要介绍了激光相变硬化的特点及强化机理、激光表面相变硬化工艺。分析了钢铁材料激光相变硬化后的组织与性能。及近年来激光相变硬化技术在材料科学领域的研究状况。     

激光表面改性技术及其在轴承上的应用

激光表面改性是一种新兴的表面改性技术。简要阐述了激光表面改性技术的原理和特点。重点介绍了激光相变硬化、激光熔覆、激光重熔、激光合金化和激光冲击硬化的特点及其应用。介绍了激光表面改性技术在轴承上应用的前景。     

38CrMoAlA钢的表面激光相变硬化层组织分析

为研究激光表面相变硬化对38CrMoAlA钢的表面耐磨性的影响,测定了该钢激光相变硬化层的显微硬度变化,并分析了该钢表面激光相变硬化层的微观组织。发现该硬化层由表及里可分四层,其中第二层显微硬度最高,第四层显微硬度最低。当采用激光束重叠扫描进行该钢的表面相变硬化时,重叠区域的回火软化效应可导致硬化效果有所降低,故光束重叠尺寸不可过高,本文选择1.2 mm。     

激光表面硬化的特点及在齿轮和模具中的应用优势

本文简要介绍了激光表面硬化的原理、特点、工艺参数、装置系统和经激光表面硬化后金属材料的组织与性能。以激光相变硬化在齿轮和模具中的应用为例表明,采用激光硬化可显著地提高材料的使用性能和寿命。     

零件厚度对激光相变硬化温度场的影响

以GCr15钢为例,采用有限单元法对激光相变硬化过程进行了数值模拟研究,建立激光相变硬化过程温度场的数学模型,分析了工件厚度及其下表面在自然散热和辅助水冷条件下对激光相变硬化温度场的影响。     

零件厚度对激光相变硬化温度场的影响

以GCr15钢为例,采用有限单元法对激光相变硬化过程进行了数值模拟研究,建立激光相变硬化过程温度场的数学模型,分析了工件厚度及其下表面在自然散热和辅助水冷条件下对激光相变硬化温度场的影响.     

激光表面强化技术介绍

从激光相变硬化、激光表面熔敷、激光合金化等几个方面,介绍了激光表面强化技术以及基本原理、方法和应用实例。     

模具钢激光表面热处理现状

激光表面热处理是70年代千瓦级大功率激光器出现以后发展起来的应用技术。激光表面热处理大致上可以分为两类,即表面不熔化的激光热处理和表面熔化的激光热处理。前者主要指激光淬火(即激光相变硬化)、激光退火、激光冲击硬化等;后者包括激光熔凝硬化(又称激光晶粒细化硬化)、激光上釉(又称激光非晶化)、激光合金化、激光涂覆等。激光熔凝硬化和上釉表面无化学成分变化,激光合金化和涂覆表面化学成分发生变化。     

激光表面改性

激光表面改性技术在改善材料表面性能,提高材料使用寿命方面具有突出的优越性.随着研究的深入,激光表面改性技术在工业中的应用逐步扩大.对工业应用中比较常见的激光熔覆、激光表面熔凝、激光相变硬化、激光冲击强化、激光表面合金化等激光表面改性技术进行了综述,并在此基础上展望了激光表面改性技术的发展前景.     

激光模具表面非熔凝加工的应用研究

通过建立试件的热分析模型,对激光模具表面非熔凝加工过程进行了有限元分析,从而对激光相变硬化过程中的温度场、残余热应力、应变场进行了研究。通过计算机模拟,获得指导性工艺参数,并对试件进行激光强化试验,将计算值与试验值进行耦合,从而获得最佳工艺参数,提高模具的使用寿命。     

Thermal analysis of laser surface transformation hardening—optimization of process parameters

This paper deals with the optimization of process parameters for maximum productivity (given by the product of scanning velocity and cross feed) in laser transformation hardening. The process parameters considered are laser beam power, P; laser beam diameter, D_b; and the heat intensity distribution, namely, normal, bimodal, or uniform. A thermal analysis of the laser surface transformation hardening of gears was conducted (based on Jaeger’s classical moving heat source method) by considering the laser beam as a moving plane (disc) heat source to establish the temperature rise distribution in the workpiece (gear) of finite width. In a recent investigation [Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 44 (2001) 2845], the authors considered the case of a heat source with a pseudo-Gaussian (or normal) distribution of heat intensity. The analytical results were compared with the experimental results published in the literature. In laser heat treatment of steel, it is generally considered preferable to use a wider heat intensity distribution, such as uniform or bimodal, for it enables more uniform case hardening depth. In this paper, this model is extended to cover bimodal and uniform distributions and compared with the normal distribution. Scanning velocities for no surface melting and for a case hardening depth of 0.1 mm were determined for surface transformation hardening of AISI 1036 (EN 8) steel for a range of laser beam powers, P, laser beam diameters, D_b, and various heat intensity distributions. Since diffusion during the heat treatment (surface transformation hardening) process is a time dependent phenomenon, based on the literature review, an interaction time of 15 ms was taken as a basis. It is hoped that laser industry with adequate facilities available can validate the thermal analysis and subsequent optimization presented in this paper.     

CALCULATION OF 3-D TRANSIENT TEMPERATURE FIELD DURING LASER TRANSFORMATION HARDENING PROCESS

1.IntroductionLasertransformationhardeningprocessisathreedimensiontransientheattransferproblemwhichinvolvesinphajsetransformation,heatconduction,heatconvectionandheatradiation.Thecalculationoftemperaturefieldoflasertransformationhardeningprocessisaprerequisitetotheoptimizationofparametersoflasertransformationhardening.Thisworkstartedintheearlyof1970',uptonow,alotofmodelsandcalculationmethodswereproposedtocalculatethetemperaturefieldoflasertransformationhardeningprocessll--gi.Allthesemodelsareb…     

A quantitative analysis of the effect of laser transformation hardening on crack driving force in steels

A mechanical model of a laser transformation hardening specimen with a crack in the middle of the hardened layer is developed to quantify the effects of the residual stress and hardness gradient on crack driving force in terms of J-integral. It is assumed that the crack in the middle of the hardened layer is created after laser transformation hardening. Using a Double Cantilever Beam model, the analytic solutions, which can be used to quantify the effects of the residual stress and the hardness gradient resulting from laser transformation hardening on crack driving force, are obtained. A numerical example shows the crack driving force decrease is very sensitive to the residual compressive stress increase.     

激光淬火硬化层的不均匀性及其控制

通过45钢样块的激光表面淬火试验，分析了进、出端硬化层深度差异及其与激光工艺参数的关系，提出了改善硬化层均匀性的激光淬火方法一分段变速扫描。     

强度空间分布对脉冲激光表面强化的影响

建立了包含脉冲激光强度时空分布、温度相关的材料热物性参数以及多次相变特征在内的脉冲激光表面强化三维有限元模型。温度场和强化区深度分别得到了解析解和试验验证。针对不同脉冲能量级别，研究了强度空间分布形式和光斑几何形状对表面最高温度、强化区深度以及强化区形状等的影响。结果表明，激光强度空间分布是影响强化区的重要因素。为达到理想的强化效果，应根据不同的脉冲能量选择适当的空间分布形式和光斑几何形状。     

Predictive modeling of laser hardening of AISI5150H steels

This paper presents accurate predictive modeling of the laser hardening process in terms of laser operating parameters and initial microstructure without the need of any experimental data. The model provides the diagrams that are useful for predicting hardness profiles, optimizing practical process parameters and assessing the potential of laser hardening for different steels. It is shown that the hardness and depth of the hardened layer in hypoeutectoid steels (carbon wt%<1) could be predicted from this model with good accuracy.The model combines a three-dimensional transient numerical solution for a rotating cylinder undergoing laser heating by a translating laser beam with a kinetic model describing pearlite dissolution, carbon redistribution in austenite and subsequent transformation to martensite by utilizing the feedback from the CCT diagram. In order to validate the thermal model and assert the accuracy of temperature predictions the temperature was measured using an infrared camera and a good agreement between the predicted and measured temperatures is shown. Results are presented as processing maps, which show how the case depth and hardness depend on input operating parameters. The good agreement between the measured and predicted hardness profiles ascertains the accuracy of the thermal-kinetic model developed for AISI5150H steels.