基于一维、三维耦合仿真的歧管式催化转化器结构优化（英文）

利用BOOST和FIRE软件建立了某发动机进排气系统的热力学模型和三维排气歧管CFD模型,通过实验进行了仿真分析的初始标定和边界条件数据融合,并采用一维和三维耦合方法分析了低速和高速工况下排气歧管的压力损失和瞬态流场分布。根据评价试验结果显示:优化后的结构显著提高了各管内部流场的流畅性和排气一致性,在一定程度上降低了背压,缩短了起燃时间,提高了发动机的最大转矩。     

精密 TIG焊接技术在精密工件焊接中的应用研究

叙述了TIG焊近年来的研究和应用发展,深入分析了脉冲TIG焊的重要特性和关键的影响因素,对在实践中精密TIG焊遇到的问题和应用经验进行了分析和总结,提出了展望和控制措施。     

基于一维、三维耦合仿真的歧管式催化转化器结构优化

利用BOOST和FIRE软件建立了某发动机进排气系统的热力学模型和三维排气歧管CFD模型,通过实验进行了仿真分析的初始标定和边界条件数据融合,并采用一维和三维耦合方法分析了低速和高速工况下排气歧管的压力损失和瞬态流场分布。根据评价试验结果显示:优化后的结构显著提高了各管内部流场的流畅性和排气一致性,在一定程度上降低了背压,缩短了起燃时间,提高了发动机的最大转矩。     

CIMS环境下PDM与ERP信息集成的分析与研究

论述了PDM和ERP信息集成的必要性，分析了PDM和ERP集成的信息内容，探讨了CAD／CAPP／CAM、PDM和ERP之间的集成关系，结合国内外CIMS信息集成研究的最新成果和制造业的现状，依据CIM原理，构造了基于集成数据模型的PDM和ERP系统集成框架，给出了构造集成框架的关键步骤并分析了其实现方法。为企业PDM和ERP的集成提供了可借鉴的模式。     

铸造石膏的研制及应用

本文在试验和生产实践的基础上,论述了石膏和石膏混合料的重要性,简述了石膏和石膏混合料在试验和生产中的主要影响因素,提出了工艺指标和检验依据。     

活性氧化锌的制备、应用及技术发展

介绍了活性氧化锌的性质和质量标准,分析了活性氧化锌的市场和应用情况,阐述了活性氧化锌的生产方法和技术发展,提出了生产活性氧化锌的具体设想。     

滚切双边剪剪切角及切板时间研究

介绍了滚切双边剪的剪切机构和剪切原理,用解析方法对滚切双边剪的剪切角和切板时间进行了分析和研究,提出了求解方法和数学模型,应用计算机计算得出了不同钢板的剪切角变化曲线以及切板起始和结束时间,为进一步分析剪切过程以及准确计算剪切力和等效电机功率等打下了基础。     

Cr-Ni奥氏体不锈钢的研究进展

Cr-Ni奥氏体不锈钢凭借着优良的耐腐蚀性、力学性能和生物相容性,在众多领域得到了广泛的应用。综述了Cr-Ni奥氏体不锈钢的发展过程和制备工艺,着重分析了其耐腐蚀性能和表面改性。指出了制备过程和腐蚀性能研究中的问题,并提出了改进制备工艺和腐蚀防护的措施。讨论了利用表面改性得到性能优良Cr-Ni奥氏体不锈钢材料的应用前景。最后阐述了Cr-Ni奥氏体不锈钢未来的发展趋势。     

铝箔轧制油脱脂性与退火油斑倾向性的研究

介绍了铝箔轧制油脱脂性和退火油斑倾向性的研究结果;叙述了形成退火油斑的必要条件和原因;评价脱脂性和退火油斑的方法;提出了消除或抑制退火油斑的工艺和措施;对轧制油的选择和评定阐明了看法。     

大型高炉炉前开铁口机的设计与选型

介绍了大型高炉炉前布置型式、开铁口机在炉前布置中的注意事项和基本工艺要求。从三个方面探讨了大型高炉炉前开铁口机如何进行设计和选型。在主机方面介绍了如何进行回转机构和冲钻机构的设计和选型;在液压电控方面介绍了开铁口机的功能要求、设计和配置选择;在自动化作业方面介绍了一些提高开口效率和炉前无人操作技术。在大型高炉炉前,本文为为开铁口机的设计单位提出了详细的设计思路和方法,为钢铁公司和工程公司提供了设备选型的基本依据。     

钛合金扩散焊中紧贴型缺陷的超声波检测

扩散焊接的焊区结合情况直接影响结构的力学性能。分析了超声波在扩散焊接界面的反射特性，通过试验研究了声波反射特征与连接缺陷之间的有机联系，给出了钛合金扩散焊接典型检测与试验结果。采用T扫描方法可以得到扩散焊接界面的紧贴型缺陷分布。     

Wave propagation in water-immersed adhesive structure with the substrates of finite thickness

In previous theoretical studies on the adhesive structure, the substrate is mostly considered as a semi-infinite solid space and corresponding theoretical derivation is rarely related to the thickness of the substrate. In the paper, based on the transfer matrix method, we studied in the water-immersed trilaminar plate-like adhesive structure with the substrates of finite thickness and the perfect/sliding interfaces in the case of plane longitudinal wave incidence and deduced the expressions of reflection and transmission coefficients of longitudinal waves. In order to verify the accuracy and applicability of the deduced formula, this formula was firstly applied to the water-immersed steel–epoxy resin–steel adhesive structure with perfect interfaces and the calculated result was compared with the existing data. Taking the water-immersed aluminum–epoxy resin–aluminum adhesive structure with perfect/sliding interfaces as an example, the impacts of incident angle and frequency on the reflection and transmission characteristics of the longitudinal wave were then analyzed. Finally, the theoretical method was experimentally verified and the experimental results were well consistent with the numerical calculation results. The reflection and transmission coefficient curves of longitudinal wave showed the obvious resonance when the longitudinal wave was normally incident. Regardless of the substrate thickness, the frequency of acoustic waves or the incident angle, it can only confirm whether a sliding interface exists, but the interface to slide cannot be determined.     

复合固体层中兰姆波的声场分析

基于弹性导波的部分平面波分析方法,对复合固体层中兰姆波的声场分布问题进行了研究。在对称的复合固体层中传播的兰姆波模式可以是对称的或反对称的;在非对称的复合固体层中传播的兰姆波模式是非对称的。针对常见的固体层－粘结层－固体层结构中兰姆波的色散关系及声场分布等进行了数值分析,所得结果对兰姆波应用于复合固体层的无损评价具有实际意义。     

The modeling of interfaces: Atoms or continua?

Interfaces are a central microstructural unit responsible for properties ranging from the capacity for void nucleation to enhanced diffusion rates. Demand for materials with specific properties makes the tailoring of interfaces a central goal in materials modeling. In the consideration of detailed defect geometries or nanoscale effects, atomistic modeling provides reliable insights. On the other hand, the response of materials to macroscopic loads is often best treated within a continuum framework. This overview reviews both atomistic and continuum models of interfaces with an eye to the possible relationships between them. The problems of void nucleation and grain boundary segregation are used as examples to elucidate the progress that can be made on both the continuum and atomistic fronts as well as the limitations of each. These approaches are further contrasted through consideration of the example of elastic wave propagation at interfaces. The treatment of waves localized at interfaces yields distinct predictions depending upon whether an atomistic or continuum analysis is made.     

The structure of molten zones in explosion welding (aluminium–tantalum,copper–titanium)

Investigations were carried out into the relief of the flat- and wave-shaped interfaces for explosion-welded aluminium–tantalum and copper–titanium welded joints. For these systems, characterized by a relatively high mutual solubility of the initial elements, the results show a typical set of the structures of the interfaces replacing each other with the intensification of the welding conditions. The unusual shape of the projections on the flat interfaces was found. They are similar to splashes, which form on the surface of the liquid, although they are solid-phase splashes. The vortex structure of the zones of local melting was also detected. The unusual shape of the waves was found: in the presence of mutual solubility they consist of the specially ordered set of projections. It may be assumed that this is caused by the formation of intermetallic compounds on the surface of the projections. The processes of self-organization, ensuring the evolution of the relief of the interface in the intensification of the welding conditions, have been investigated. The role of intermetallic compounds in these self-organization processes is clarified.     

O点阵模型及其在界面位错计算中的应用

介绍了描述O点阵特征的基本参量：主O点陈基矢，主O点阵面和O胞壁的定义和计算公式，提供了一般界面上周期位错结构的矩阵方法和计算特殊界面位错结构的简易矢量方法：还分析了O点阵描述界面位错的条件和局限，讨论了一般界面和大错配界面上位错结构的计算。     

NiAl－TiC内生复合材料的高温拉伸行为

研究了ＨＰＥＳ法制备的ＮｉＡｌ－ＴｉＣ内生复合材料的高温拉伸行为及ＮｉＡｌ／ＴｉＣ的界面特点．结果表明，内生ＴｉＣ颗粒可大幅度提高ＮｉＡｌ的高温拉伸强度．在ＮｉＡｌ与ＴｉＣ之间存在着一种相互交错的界面，它对提高复合材料的高温拉伸强度具有重要贡献．     

NiAl—TiC内生复合材料的高温拉伸行为

研究了ＨＰＥＳ法制备的ＮｉＡｌ－ＴｉＣ内生复合材料的高温拉伸行为及ＮｉＡｌ／ＴｉＣ的界面特点，结果表明，内生ＴｉＣ颗粒可大幅度提高ＮｉＡｌ的高温拉伸强度，在ＮｉＡｌ与ＴｉＣ之间存在着一种相互交错的界面，它对提高复合材料的高温拉伸强度具有重要贡献。     

磁声波对金属凝固组织的影响

提出了运用强磁场和交流电流的共同作用直接在金属液中产生声波（磁声波）的新方法，并研究了所生成的磁声波在细化合金凝固组织晶粒的效果，该方法可以从根本上解决机械声波无法在高温生产领域应用的难题，理论解析表明，运用交变电磁力在液体金属内生成的磁声波的强度和所施加的静磁场的磁感应强度和交流电流的电流密度的乘积成正比；电磁力的频率越大，生成的磁声波越接近于由机械振动产生的声波，实验中测定的磁声波压力和理论解析结果基本一致，这种方法产生的磁声波具有促进金属凝固组织晶粒细化的作用。     

DYNAMIC SEGREGATION OF SULPHUR IN CAST IRON

The segregation of sulphur at iron/graphite interfaces in both grey and nodular iron was in-vestigated with AES.Sulphur was found to nonequilibratorily segregate at the interfaces ingrey iron,but not in nodular iron.Such different behaviors of segregation,which will exagger-ate the difference of grey and nodular iron in sulphur content at iron/graphite interfaces,might be derived from the difference of solidification process between the two irons.